Quality of life in early age Spanish children treated for cleft lip and/or palate: a case-control study approach.

OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study were to evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in 4-7-year-old children treated for cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) compared to healthy controls and to estimate a possible association with cleft type, gender, age, and surgical re-interventions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 171 children with CL/P (mean age 5.7 years) and 186 healthy controls (mean age 5.5 years) were included in the study. Sixty-four (37.4%) children experienced both cleft lip and palate, 56 (32.8%) cleft lip only, and 51 (29.8%) cleft palate only. HRQoL in children was assessed by Kiddy-KINDL and COHIP-14 questionnaires and in parents by KINDL-p. Total score and dimensions of each questionnaire were compared between cleft children, their parents, and controls. RESULTS: The total scores and dimension scores of Kiddy-KINDL showed similar values between CL/P and control groups, except for "self-esteem" dimension (p = 0.036). The comparison of Kiddy-KINDL and KINDL-p showed a statistically significant total score (82.11 vs. 80.44, p = 0.047). The CL/P group presented significantly worse values with respect to controls in total score of COHIP-14 (10.53 vs 5.01, p < 0.001) and in all its dimensions. CONCLUSIONS: Children treated for CL/P had a negative impact on HRQoL at early age compared to controls. Significant differences were found in the psychological and functional dimensions related to lip and palatal affectation, respectively. Parents reported significantly worse scores than their children. HRQoL measurement provided valuable complementary information to better inform to parents and make clinical decisions in children with CL/P at early age. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Our findings suggested that Spanish children between 4 and 7 years of age with a history of surgically treated CL/P experienced a poorer HRQoL when compared with their non-cleft peers.

Penetración de un perdigón en el ápex orbitario / Penetrating air gun pellet into the orbital apex

La penetración de un cuerpo extraño en el espacio orbitario intraconal plantea un desafío quirúrgico debido a su ubicación profunda detrás del globo y cercana al nervio óptico. Presentamos un caso de un perdigón alojado en el ápex orbitario en el que se realizó una orbitotomía superolateral a través de un abordaje coronal para su extracción. Esta técnica craneofacial adicional es segura para acceder a la zona lateral intraconal en el caso inusual de necesitar extraer un cuerpo extraño orbitario

A foreign body penetrating into the intraconal orbital compartment poses a surgical challenge because of its deep location behind the globe and near the optic nerve. We present a case of an air gun pellet lodged into the orbital apex, which was removed via superolateral orbitotomy through coronal incision. This additional craniofacial technique is a safe procedure to access the lateral aspect of the intraconal compartment in the unusual event of having to remove an orbital foreign body

Resection of upper lip adenoid cystic carcinoma and reconstruction with reverse Yu flap: Report of three cases and a literature review.

The present study aimed to describe the techniques that were used, and the results obtained, with the reverse Yu flap to reconstruct medium-sized upper lip defects following resection for adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). Data concerning the clinical and pathological characteristics of tumours, the size and location of the defects, surgical resection and the reconstructive procedure used were evaluated in three patients, as well as postoperative complications and outcomes. In all cases, a complete surgical removal of ACC was achieved with clear margins of at least 1 cm. Histopathological features revealed two cases with a predominant solid growth pattern, and one case of cribriform. Following tumour excision, the average size of the upper lip defect was 35.7×30 mm. The reverse Yu flap was raised simultaneously with tumour resection in all cases. No flap failed, and both excellent aesthetic and functional results were obtained. All the patients had a satisfactory oral competence, without microstomia, after a median of 20 months follow-up (range, 12-30 months). Adjuvant radiation therapy was not necessary in any case. On the basis of the present case study and literature review, reverse Yu flap is revealed to be a simple and reliable technique for the reconstruction of defects ranging from one-third to two-thirds of the total upper lip length, involving the commissure, nasolabial fold and philtrum, with minimal donor morbidity and a good functional and aesthetic outcome. This flap appears to be a valid surgical option for reconstruction of medium-sized upper lip defects, which may be considered following radical excision of ACC.

[Penetrating air gun pellet into the orbital apex]. / Penetración de un perdigón en el ápex orbitario.

A foreign body penetrating into the intraconal orbital compartment poses a surgical challenge because of its deep location behind the globe and near the optic nerve. We present a case of an air gun pellet lodged into the orbital apex, which was removed via superolateral orbitotomy through coronal incision. This additional craniofacial technique is a safe procedure to access the lateral aspect of the intraconal compartment in the unusual event of having to remove an orbital foreign body.

Kissing molars extraction: Case series and review of the literature.

UNLABELLED: Kissing molars are a very rare form of inclusion defined as molars included in the same quadrant, with occlusal surfaces contacting each other within a single dental follicle. We present four cases of this pathology: a 35 year-old male, referred to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of the Hospital Virgen del Rocio in Seville, and three females of 24, 26, and 31 years, all of which had kissing molars that were treated by tooth extraction. We have found only 10 cases published in the medical literature in which this type of inclusion is briefly described, none of which elaborate on the surgical technique employed. In these cases, the indication for surgery is established when there is a history of recurring infections or cystic lesions associated with dental inclusions. The extraction of kissing molars requires an exhaustive comprehension of the anatomy of the region involved, sufficiently developed surgical abilities, and an extensive planning process. KEY WORDS: Impacted molar, kissing molar, surgical extraction.

Repair of complete bilateral cleft lip with severely protruding premaxilla performing a premaxillary setback and vomerine ostectomy in one stage surgery.

BACKGROUND: The authors present a technique for selected cases of CBCL. The primary repair of the CBCL with a severely protruding premaxilla in one stage surgery is very difficult, essentially because a good muscular apposition is difficult, forcing synchronously to do a premaxillary setback to facilitate subsequent bilateral lip repair and, thus, achieving satisfactory results. We achieve this by a reductive ostectomy on the vomero-premaxillary suture. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 4 patients with CBCL and severely protruding premaxilla underwent premaxillary setback by vomerine ostectomy at the same time of lip repair in the past 24 months. The extent of premaxillary setback varied between 9 and 16 mm. The required amount of bone was removed anterior to the vomero-premaxillary suture. The authors did an additional simultaneous gingivoperiosteoplasty in all patients, achieving an enough stability of the premaxilla in its new position, to be able to close the alveolar gap bilaterally. The authors have examined the position of premaxilla and dental arch between 6 and 24 months. We did not do the primary nose correction, because this increased the risk of impairment of the already compromised vascularity of the philtrum and premaxilla. RESULTS: The follow-up period ranged between 6 and 24 months. None of the patients had any major complication. During follow-up, the premaxilla was minimally mobile. We achieved a good lip repair in all cases: adequate muscle repair, symmetry of the lip, prolabium and Cupid's bow, as well as good scars. Conclusions: To our knowledge, there are few reports of one stage surgery with vomerine ostectomy to repair CBCL with severely protruding premaxilla. Doing this vomerine ostectomy, we don't know how it will affect the subsequent growth of the premaxila and restrict the natural maxillary growth. Applying this alternative treatment for children with CBCL and protruded premaxilla without any preoperative orthopedic, we can successfully perform, in a single-stage surgery, a good primary lip repair at our center. Further confirmations of this surgery with follow up and anthropometric studies of these patients during childhood and adolescence are required.

Treatment of recurrent mandibular ameloblastoma.

Ameloblastoma is a locally invasive benign odontogenic tumor with a high rate of recurrence in the long term. The authors conducted a retrospective study of patients with mandibular ameloblastoma in order to evaluate recurrent ameloblastoma management. The study included data from 31 patients over a period of 10 years. Data collected included age, gender, tumor location, histological findings, initial treatment, number of recurrences and year of onset, type of treatment of recurrence, reconstruction and follow-up. Recurrences were detected in nine patients (29%). Tumor recurrences appeared at 32 months on average following the initial surgical procedure. Recurrences were associated mainly to inadequate initial therapeutic approach and were treated by bone resection with a safety margin of at least 1 cm beyond the radiographically visible margins. Immediate reconstruction of bone defects was performed with grafts or free flaps.

Upper airway distress due to an oropharyngeal infantile myofibroma.

Infantile myofibroma is an uncommon fibrous tumour of infancy, usually present at birth. It is a rare cause of child airway obstruction, with only one neonatal case reported. We report an eight months age case which was referred to our Unit for increasing respiratory distress. CT scan showed a well defined margins mass measuring 7×5×5cm arising from the left parapharyngeal space and occupying the oropharynx. We performed a complete surgical resection through a transoral approach with no events during the surgery. The patient has been followed-up by the first author for five years with no signs of recurrence or sequelaes.

The Ti-Epiplating system as an alternative for ear prostheses in burned patients.

Burned ear reconstruction remains one of the most difficult areas of plastic surgery, and the aesthetic results are not always acceptable. In this study, the authors describe the results of the prosthetic rehabilitation of patients needing burned ear total reconstruction with a plate-like system (Titanium Epiplating System, Medicon, Tuttlingen, Germany) treated in their hospital between 2006 and 2009. The goals of this study were to report on the use of bone anchor implants with a plate-like system for total ear reconstruction in burned patients, to analyze treatment outcomes, and to discuss important clinical variables encountered during treatment, as well as to determine criteria for success in the implants and prostheses. Two case reports are presented, and treatment outcomes have been analyzed. In both patients, implants became anchored, and neither demonstrated failure during the study period. The cosmetic results and patient acceptance were very satisfactory, with no postoperative complications. The plate-like system for the treatment of auricle burns is an acceptable technique that complements traditional reconstructive procedures.

Airway obstruction due to metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the tongue.

Metastatic lesions in the tongue are extremely rare. Renal cell carcinoma is the most frequent kidney neoplasm, with a high tendency to metastasize. It is the third most frequent neoplasm to metastasize to the head and neck region. We report a case of a rapidly enlarging tongue metastasis causing airway obstruction in a patient with widespread disease. Local excision was the elected treatment to provide palliation of the obstruction.

Basal cell nevus syndrome. Presentation of six cases and literature review.

Basal cell nevus syndrome, also known as Gorlin-Goltz syndrome, is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder which is characterised by the presence of multiple maxillary keratocysts and facial basal cell carcinomas, along with other less frequent clinical characteristics such us musculo-skeletal disturbances (costal and vertebrae malformations), characteristic facies, neurological (calcification of the cerebral falx, schizophrenia, learning difficulties), skin (cysts, lipomas, fibromas), sight, hormonal, etc. On occasions it can be associated with aggressive basal cell carcinomas and malignant neoplasias, for which early diagnosis and treatment is essential, as well as family detection and genetic counselling. Currently there are new lines of investigation based on biomolecular studies, which aim at identifying the molecules responsible for these cysts and thus allowing an early diagnosis of these patients. In its clinical management and follow up, the odonto-stomatologist, the maxillofacial surgeon and several other medical specialists are involved. In this paper a review of the literature, and six cases of patients affected by multi-systemic and varied clinical expression of basal cell nevus syndrome, are presented.

Cavidad de Stafne de localización inusual en el sector anterior mandibular / A Stafne's cavity with unusual location in the mandibular anterior area

La típica cavidad de Stafne, localizada en el sector posterior de la mandíbula, es una entidad relativamente poco frecuente, pero cuando el defecto se sitúa en la región anterior mandibular, es bastante raro, habiéndose descrito hasta ahora sólo 36 casos en la literatura científica. La mayoría de estos defectos aparecen entre la quinta y la sexta décadas de la vida, están localizados en el área de caninos y premolares, y muestran también una predilección por el sexo masculino. El canal dentario inferior, uno de los hitos anatomo-radiológicos principales que ayudan al diagnóstico de la cavidad de Stafne en la zona posterior, raramente está presente anteriormente al agujero mentoniano. Por ello, por su apariencia radiográfica más variable que en el defecto posterior, por soler encontrarse superpuesta a los ápices de los dientes, y por la rareza de presentación en el sector anterior mandibular, es mucho más difícil establecer un diagnóstico definitivo de cavidad de Stafne en esta localización, y por tanto es más fácil que pueda haber un error en el diagnóstico, sobre todo inicialmente. Presentamos un nuevo caso, en un varón de 68 años, en el que el diagnóstico fue fortuito, y revisamos especialmente sus aspectos etiopatogénicos, clínicos, y de diagnóstico diferencial

The typical Stafne’s cavity, located on the posterior portion of the mandible, is a relatively uncommon entity. However, when the defect is located in the anterior region of the mandible, it is quite rare, having thus far been described in only 36 cases in the scientific literature. Most of these defects appear in the fifth and sixth decades of life, are localized to the area of the canines and premolars, and have a predilection for males. The inferior dental canal, one of the anatomical-radiographic landmarks that aid in the diagnosis of Stafne’s cavity in the posterior region, is rarely present anterior the mental foramen. For this reason, because of its more variable radiographic appearance compared to the posterior defect, its tendency to be superimposed over the apices of the teeth, and the rarity of its localisation to the anterior mandible, it is much more difficult to establish a definitive diagnosis of a Stafne’s cavity in this location. It is therefore more likely that a diagnostic error can occur, especially early on. We present a new case in a 68-year-old male in which the diagnosis was serendipitous, and we review in particular the aetiology and pathogenesis, clinical aspects, and differential diagnoses for this condition

A Stafne's cavity with unusual location in the mandibular anterior area.

The typical Stafne's cavity, located on the posterior portion of the mandible, is a relatively uncommon entity. However, when the defect is located in the anterior region of the mandible, it is quite rare, having thus far been described in only 36 cases in the scientific literature. Most of these defects appear in the fifth and sixth decades of life, are localized to the area of the canines and premolars, and have a predilection for males. The inferior dental canal, one of the anatomical-radiographic landmarks that aid in the diagnosis of Stafne's cavity in the posterior region, is rarely present anterior the mental foramen. For this reason, because of its more variable radiographic appearance compared to the posterior defect, its tendency to be superimposed over the apices of the teeth, and the rarity of its localisation to the anterior mandible, it is much more difficult to establish a definitive diagnosis of a Stafne's cavity in this location. It is therefore more likely that a diagnostic error can occur, especially early on. We present a new case in a 68-year-old male in which the diagnosis was serendipitous, and we review in particular the aetiology and pathogenesis, clinical aspects, and differential diagnoses for this condition.

Tumor odontogénico epitelial calcificarte (tumor de Pindborg) / Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (Pindborg tumor)

En este artículo presentamos y discutimos el caso clínico de una paciente de 41 años afecta de un tumor de Pindborg que asentaba en el ángulo mandibular izquierdo. La detección de la lesión de forma casual o rutinaria y la frecuente relación que ésta tiene con un diente incluido pueden hacer difícil la diferenciación principalmente con un quiste odontogénico. Pese a la existencia de una tasa de recurrencias del 14 por ciento tras un tratamiento conservador, pensamos que un tratamiento de calidad exige la práctica de una exéresis de la lesión con márgenes óseos sanos (AU)