ABSTRACT
There are important shortcomings in all the existing models of acute peritonitis. The original model, most close to clinical conditions, has been proposed. The grey rabbits of 1.5-2.0 kg were used in experimental trials. The 5 cm laparotomy has been performed in all the rabbits under thiopental anesthesia. In rabbits of the control group the wound was closed without any manipulations in abdominal cavity. In the other animals the terminal part of the small intestine (15-18 cm) was isolated with two intestinal forceps and saline solution was injected inside. The intestine content was aspirated and mixed with the rabbits blood. The punctate without blood was injected in rabbits of the 2d group; in the 3d group-the mixture of punctate and blood (5 ml of blood per kg of body weight); 10 ml per kg were injected in rabbits of the 4th group; 15 ml per body weight-in the 5th group. In rabbits of the 1st, 2d and 3d groups there were no signs of peritonitis 7 days after the injection. In animals of the 4th and 5th groups clinical, morphological and bacteriological sings of acute peritonitis were detected. The severity of its course depended on the amount of blood in the mixture that was used for irritation of peritoneum. All animals of the 5th group died by the end of the 4th day. Thus, the use of 10 ml of autopunctuate of terminal part of small intestine in combination with the animals blood (10 ml per kg), is the most proper model of peritonitis, that is most close to clinical situations and enables to study its phases and test various methods of treatment.
Subject(s)
Disease Models, Animal , Peritonitis/etiology , Acute Disease , Animals , Body Fluids , Follow-Up Studies , Peritonitis/pathology , RabbitsABSTRACT
Specific morphological and functional changes in the liver in acute obturative cholecystitis have been experimentally studied in 30 dogs and clinically examined in 21 patients. No morphological substrate of liver insufficiency were found in early period of acute obturative cholecystitis. Early changes in the liver are of reactive nature and have the features of active nonspecific hepatitis. The reactions of compensation and decompensation are changing each other periodically. The intensive reactions of compensation take place in the first 2 or 3 days of disease. The reactions of compensation weaken gradually. There is no correlation between changes in the liver and in blood serum. The early surgery and laparoscopic procedures in acute obturative cholecystitis are advocated.
Subject(s)
Biliary Tract Surgical Procedures/methods , Cholecystitis/surgery , Liver/pathology , Acute Disease , Animals , Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic , Cholecystitis/etiology , Dogs , Hepatitis/pathology , HumansABSTRACT
A comparative study of steel and plasma scalpel use in ovary operations is carried out in an experiment. 25 fertile female rabbits were operated on, in each one ovary was dissected by a steel scalpel, the other--by a plasma one. Sampling was performed on the 3-d, 7, 14, 21, 28-30-th day. At the relaparotomy of appendages operated on with the help of plasma scalpel, commissuring process was less prominent. Histological picture analysis has also shown plasma scalpel advantages--smaller tissue injuries, speeding up of wound healing process, drop in inflammatory reaction in response to influence.
Subject(s)
Ovary/surgery , Surgical Instruments , Wound Healing , Animals , Female , Laparotomy , Plastics , Rabbits , Reoperation , SteelABSTRACT
The effect of magnetolaser irradiation on the liver in obstructive jaundice was studied in experiments on 500 rats. Magnetolaser irradiation was found to have a favourable effect on the functional morphology of the liver; it levels many morphological signs of hepatic insufficiency and thus provides the grounds for carrying out an operation on the bile ducts under optimal conditions. The suggested method of magnetolaser therapy was applied in 142 patients with hepatic insufficiency in obstructive jaundice. The study showed that magnetolaser therapy applied in complex treatment of hepatic insufficiency promotes active restoration of the function of the organ, significantly raises the efficacy of treatment, and reduces the term of the patient's hospital stay.
Subject(s)
Cholestasis/complications , Laser Therapy , Liver Diseases/radiotherapy , Liver/radiation effects , Magnetics , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cholestasis/surgery , Female , Humans , Liver Diseases/prevention & control , Male , Middle Aged , Postoperative CareABSTRACT
The resection of liver was undertaken in two series of experiments in rabbits with plasma and steel scalpels for comparison. After the interventions the haematological changes of stress nature were observed in animals. The changes of leucocytic and erythrocytic pictures and myelograms were more important and steady when the resections was made with plasma scalpel. The mentioned peculiarities must be taken into consideration in analysis of laboratory examinations in the clinic.
Subject(s)
Blood Cell Count , Liver/surgery , Surgical Instruments , Animals , Erythrocyte Count , Leukocyte Count , Quartz , Rabbits , SteelABSTRACT
Ion plasma light flux has been found to possess bacteriostatic effect in vitro and in vivo. Three-fold irradiation with ion plasma of a wound infected by a pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus strain reduced phase I of wound healing by three days and the overall time of healing by four-five days.
Subject(s)
Bacteria/radiation effects , Ultraviolet Rays , Wound Healing/radiation effects , Animals , Bacteria/growth & development , Bacteriological Techniques , Culture Media , Humans , Quartz , Rats , Time Factors , Wound Infection/therapyABSTRACT
The effect of ion plasma light flux on the genomes of auxotrophic Escherichia coli strain and Drosophilla melanogaster has been examined. Essentially no mutagenic effect was found in doses close to therapeutic ones.
Subject(s)
Mutagenesis/radiation effects , Animals , Drosophila melanogaster/genetics , Drosophila melanogaster/radiation effects , Escherichia coli/genetics , Escherichia coli/radiation effects , Female , Helium , Male , Microscopy, Phase-Contrast , MosaicismABSTRACT
Experimental investigations (experiments in 61 dogs) have shown the application of drug occlusion on the gland duct system with cryodestruction of necrosis foci to be a promising method for treatment of pancreonecrosis.
Subject(s)
Cryosurgery , Embolization, Therapeutic/methods , Pancreas/pathology , Pancreatic Diseases/therapy , Pancreatic Ducts , Animals , Combined Modality Therapy , Dogs , Necrosis , Pancreatic Diseases/pathologyABSTRACT
Gentamicin distribution in biological fluids, organs and tissues, lymph nodes was studied on 70 dogs. Three administration routes were compared: lymphotropic, intramuscular and regional subcutaneous. The lymphotropic route for the drug administration was recommended not long ago. It was shown that the lymphotropic route provided the antibiotic accumulation mainly in some of the abdominal organs as compared to intramuscular administration. Regional lymphotropic administration of the antibiotic to the experimental animals resulted in higher gentamicin levels in the regional lymph nodes and regional organs as compared to the levels observed after the antibiotic regional subcutaneous administration in the same doses.
Subject(s)
Gentamicins/pharmacokinetics , Lymph Nodes/metabolism , Lymph/metabolism , Viscera/metabolism , Animals , Dogs , Gentamicins/administration & dosage , Gentamicins/therapeutic use , Injections, Intralymphatic , Injections, Intramuscular , Injections, Subcutaneous , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Comparative appraisal of the effect of repeated percutaneous action of semiconductor IR-laser, magnetic field, and a combination of these two factors on the liver showed metabolic changes to be sharply manifest in the first 10 days after exposure to the different variants of action. After 20 irradiation sessions the metabolic changes were less manifest and became stabilized in subsequent irradiation of the animals, which may probably be attributed to certain adaptation of the hepatic tissue to the prolonged effect of the factor. The distinguishing feature of the magnetic-laser effect was an increase of the main substrates of energy metabolism (glucose and lipids) and a stable malonic dialdehyde content with a predominant tendency towards neutralization of free-radical reactions. All this justifies the experimental substantiation of the necessity of using a semiconductor IR-laser with a constant magnetic field for correcting metabolic disorders associated with hepatic insufficiency.
Subject(s)
Infrared Rays , Lasers , Liver , Magnetics , Animals , Liver/metabolism , Liver/radiation effects , RabbitsABSTRACT
The local application of plasma flow to postsurgery wounds in rabbits has revealed accelerated wound healing, reduced perifocal inflammation, the appearance of great numbers of phagocytes and islands of epithelial cells in the wound and certain stimulation of hemopoietic body function. The suppression of free-radical oxidation was accompanied by the activation of the metabolic processes. All this justifies an attempt to apply "plasma methods" in the clinical practice for the treatment of long-healing wounds.
