[Pharmacodynamics and results of a clinical trial of nitrogranulong, a new Soviet long-acting preparation of nitroglycerin]. / Farmakodinamika i rezul'taty klinicheskogo izucheniia nitrogranulonga--novogo otechestvennogo prolongirovannogo preparata nitroglitserina.

In the USSR, the Research and Production Association "Vitamins" and the Department of Pharmacology, All-Union Research Institute of Medicinal Plants were the first to develop commercial processes for manufacturing trinitroglycerol microgranules on the basis of the raw material available in this country and to design the new long-acting drug Nitrogranulong. Experimental examinations revealed that Nitrogranulong showed the same bioavailability as Nitro-Mack-Retard and sustac, produced a prolonged coronarolytic effect, and caused the hemodynamic and ECG changes typical of trinitroglycerol. The agent was found to be low toxic and well tolerated in a dosage form. Clinical examination of 467 patients indicated that Nitrogranulong exhibited the same antianginal potency, but in some cases it was superior to sustac, nitrong, 2% nitroglycerin ointment, and nitrosorbide. The agent caused significantly less adverse and toxic effects. Nitrogranulong is used in medical practice to prevent anginal episodes. It is produced in tablets in two dosages (2.9 and 5.2 mg trinitroglycerol), its action duration being 7-8 hours.

[Pharmacological properties of the new antiviral preparation alpizarin]. / Farmakologicheskie svoistva novogo protivovirusnogo preparata alpizarina.

Various species of experimental animals were used for studying pharmacological properties of a new original antiviral (antiherpetic) agent alpizarin (2-beta-C-D-glucopyranosyl-1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthone; with composition of C19H18O11) isolated from the aerial part of Hedysarum flaveacens Rgl. and Schmalh., Hedysarum alpinum L. It was found that in addition to the antiviral effect, alpizarin possesses also prominent cardiostimulant, capillary-strengthening, anti-inflammatory properties and enhances reparative processes in the gastric mucosa. The drug has no significant action on the central nervous system, the tone of peripheral vessels and intestinal smooth musculature and fails to influence carbohydrate metabolism and blood coagulation system.

[Asarone and its biological properties]. / Azaron i ego biologicheskie svoistva.

In acute and chronic experiments on mice, rats, cats and rabbits in a wide range of tests, a study was conducted of the biological properties of alpha-asarone (1-propenyl-2,4,5- methoxybenzol)--etherophenol, isolated by the authors from the roots of Asarum europaeum. It was determined that the LD50 of asarone for mice in enteral administration was 417.6 mg/kg, in intra-abdominal--310 mg/kg. The preparation has quite diverse biological activity--tranquilizing, sedative, antiulcer, spasmolytic and antisclerosing. In its pharmacological properties the studied asarone is identical with asarone obtained from Acorus calamus and Guatteria.

[Pharmacological properties of inulicin, a sesquiterpene lactone from Japanese inula]. / Farmakologicheskie svoistva inulitsina--seskviterpenovogo laktona iz deviasila iaponskogo.

Inulicin is a sesquiterpene lactone obtained from Inula Japonica L. (Compositae) possesses a fairly wide spectrum of pharmacological action. In doses from 5 to 60 mg/kg it exerts a certain stimulant action on the central nervous system and smooth muscles of the intestine, displays an anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcer activity on pathological models of different genesis, and has capillary-strengthening diuretic properties. When given in low doses, the drug did not affect cardiac activity, while in high doses it might inhibit it. Inulicin is relatively little toxic. The LD50 for mice is 476 mg/kg intraperitoneally and 1330 mg/kg per os.

[Pharmacological properties of adicin, Soviet alpha-acetyldigitoxin]. / Farmakologicheskie svoistva aditsina--otechestvennogo al'fa-atsetildigitoksina.

Adicin, Soviet alpha-acetyldigitoxin, obtained from Digitalis lanata Ehrh., c. Scrophulariaceae after isolation from it of celanid is a highly effective cardiotonic of the digitalis type of action. It exerts a favourable ino- and tonotropic and an adverse chronotropic action on the heart. This action is brought up in varied animal species and can be observed for a long time (over 3 hours). Adicin produces no adverse effect on the coronary blood flow and it is conducive to the improvement of venous circulation. The drug does not differ considerably from acedoxin (Hungarian alpha-acetyldigitoxin) from the standpoint of the cardiotonic effect, cumulative properties, elimination rate, biological activity and toxicity. Adicin is recommended for clinical trials with a purpose of replacing imported drugs.

[Pharmacology of calenduloside B, a new triterpene glycoside from the roots of Calendula officinalis]. / K farmakologii kalendulozidaB--novogo triterpenovogo glikozida iz kornei kalunduly lekarstvennoi.

Calendulozide B--trioside of oleanolic acid, isolated from rhizomes of Calendula officinalis, Fam. Compositae, used perorally in doses of 5, 10, 20 and 50 mg/kg exerted an antiulcerous action in 3 experimental ulcer models of different genesis (caffein-arsenic, butadion and induced by ligation of pylorus) and also displayed a certain antiphlogistic and sedative action. It did not have any effect on the cardiovascular system, the tone of intestinal smooth muscles, diuretic renal function and electrolytes excretion with urine or on the biligenic function of the liver. The drug is devoid of locally irritation properties, manifests a relatively low hemolytic activity (15000 after Kofler) and an insignificant toxicity both with its one-time and chronic administration.