ABSTRACT
Mature larva and pupa of Platycrepidius dewynteri Chassain are described, from Pará state, Brazil. Biological notes under laboratory conditions and comparison with P. bicinctus Candèze are also included. Additionally, we present a synopsis and a morphological comparative study based mainly on literature of the known mature larvae of the Agrypninae genera.
Subject(s)
Coleoptera/classification , Larva/growth & development , Animal Distribution , Animal Structures/anatomy & histology , Animal Structures/growth & development , Animals , Body Size , Brazil , Coleoptera/anatomy & histology , Coleoptera/growth & development , Female , Larva/anatomy & histology , Larva/classification , Male , Organ Size , Pupa/anatomy & histology , Pupa/classification , Pupa/growth & developmentABSTRACT
Heilipus gibbus sp. nov. (type locality: Brazil, state of São Paulo, Angatuba) is described from 73 specimens. The holotype and three paratypes from the same locality were reared from larvae collected in the basis region, near the ground, of an atemoya tree (a hybrid of the sugar-apple, "pinha" or fruta-do-conde"-Annona squamosa L., and the cherymoya, A. cherimoya (Mill.), Annonaceae). Heilipus gibbus sp. nov. can cause severe injury to commercial Annonaceae, and has been misidentified in the collections and the literature as Heilipus catagraphus Germar, 1834. The new species and H. catagraphus have a very similar color pattern, but can be easily distinguished by the rostrum shape in lateral view, being humped in H. gibbus sp. nov. but evenly arcuate in H. catagraphus. Illustrations of habitus and of male and female genitalia are provided to the new species and for avocado stem boring species of Heilipus which occur in Brazil (H. catagraphus and H. rufipes). Comments are made for H. elegans Guérin, 1844, which record to Brazil is probably based on a misidentification.
Subject(s)
Weevils/classification , Animal Distribution , Animal Structures/anatomy & histology , Animal Structures/growth & development , Animals , Annonaceae/parasitology , Body Size , Brazil , Female , Male , Organ Size , Trees/parasitology , Weevils/anatomy & histology , Weevils/growth & developmentABSTRACT
Weevils are one of the largest groups of living organisms, with more than 60,000 species feeding mostly on plants. With only one exception, their described larvae are typical plant-feeders, with mouthparts adapted to chewing plant material. Here we describe the second case of a weevil with early-instar larvae adapted to killing conspecifics. We have studied the life history of Anchylorhynchus eriospathae G. G. Bondar, 1943 (Curculioninae: Derelomini sensuCaldara, Franz & Oberprieler (2014)), a species whose immatures feed internally on palm flowers and fruits. We provide detailed descriptions of all immature stages, including the extremely modified first-instar larva. Unlike other weevils and later instars, this stage exhibits a flat body with very long ventropedal lobe setae, a large and prognathous head with a gula, and falciform mandibles, each with a serrate retinaculum, that are used to fight with and eventually kill other first-instar larvae. We also provide biological notes on all stages and the results of behavioral tests that showed that larval aggression occurs only among early life stages. Finally we show that adult size is highly dependent on timing of oviposition. This specialized killer first instar probably evolved independently from the one other case known in weevils, in Revena rubiginosa (Conoderinae: Bariditae sensuPrena, Colonnelli & Hespenheide (2014)). Interestingly, both lineages inhabit the same hosts, raising the possibility that both intra- and inter-specific competition shaped those phenotypes. Given the scarcity of knowledge on early larval stages of concealed insect herbivores, it is possible that our findings represent an instance of a much broader phenomenon. Our observations also allowed us to conclude that Anchylorhynchus eriospathae and A. hatschbachi G. G. Bondar, 1943 are actually the same species, which we synonymize here by considering the latter as a junior synonym (new synonymy).
ABSTRACT
A new troglobitic species of the Zuphiini genus Coarazuphium, C. ricardoi new species, is described on the basis of specimens collected inside the "Gruta do Varzeão" cave, in Paraná State. This is the first species of Coarazuphium described from Southern Brazil. The new species is compared with three other troglobitic species of the genus that are microphthalmous and have the elytral apical margins truncate (C. pains Álvares & Ferreira, C. tapiguassu Pellegrini & Ferreira and C. whiteheadi Ball & Shpeley). The most recent published keys for species identification of Coarazuphium are updated to include the new species.
Subject(s)
Coleoptera/classification , Animal Structures/anatomy & histology , Animals , Brazil , Caves , Coleoptera/anatomy & histology , Ecosystem , MaleABSTRACT
Description of the immature stages of the weevil Anthonomus vis Clark (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), inquiline into the gall of Leandra aurea (Melastomataceae). The third instar larva and the pupa of Anthonomus vis Clark, 1992 are described and illustrated, based upon specimens collected in the Serra de São José, Tiradentes, in Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil. The species was previously known from the type series collected in the states of Amapá and Pará. Comparisons with the larva and pupa of A. grandis Boheman, 1843 and A. monostigma Champion, 1903 are included. The larvae of A. vis live as inquilines in the galls induced by a species of momphid moths (Lepidoptera, Momphidae) in the stems of Leandra aurea (Cham.) Cogn. (Melastomataceae).
ABSTRACT
Larva and pupa of Loncophorus pustulatus (Champion, 1903) (Curculionidae: Curculioninae: Anthonomini) are described, illustrated and compared with descriptions of immatures of two other species of Loncophorus. Weevil larvae were found inside aborted flowers on the ground under Ceiba speciosa (A. St.-Hil.) Ravenna (Malvaceae), in the city of Sgo Paulo, State of S5o Paulo, and reared to adults in laboratory. Data obtained in the field and under laboratory conditions are presented. Parasitoidism of weevil larvae by wasps of the genus Catolaccus (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) is reported.
Subject(s)
Ceiba/parasitology , Weevils/classification , Animal Distribution , Animal Structures/anatomy & histology , Animals , Brazil , Female , Flowers/parasitology , Larva/anatomy & histology , Larva/growth & development , Male , Weevils/anatomy & histology , Weevils/growth & development , Weevils/physiologyABSTRACT
Description of last larval instar and pupa of Epacroplon cruciatum (Aurivillius) (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae) and biological notes. Last larval instar and pupa of South American Hexoplonini Epacroplon cruciatum (Aurivillius, 1899) are described and illustrated. Biological notes are also presented.
Descrição da larva de último instar e pupa de Epacroplon cruciatum (Aurivillius) (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae) e notas biológicas. Último instar larval e pupa do Hexoplonini sul-americano Epacroplon cruciatum (Aurivillius, 1899) são descritos, ilustrados e disponibilizadas notas biológicas.
