[Artículo traducido] Incapacidad laboral temporal tras cirugía de rizartrosis mediante trapecectomía y artroplastia de suspensión con sutura de alta resistencia.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to assess the time to return to work (TRW) in patients undergoing trapezial resection using the Mini TightRope® system at our center and to investigate factors that might delay return to work following this surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on patients who underwent Trapezial resection and suspensionplasty using the Mini TightRope® system between 2015 and 2016, with a minimum one-year follow-up. Telephone interviews were conducted along with a review of medical records and radiology reports, as well as temporary work disability documents, collecting epidemiological and occupational data. Groups were compared based on age, gender, dominant hand, biomechanical occupational requirements of the patients, and whether they had experienced prior temporary work disability. RESULTS: A total of 36 patients (29 women and 7 men) with an average age of 55.7 years were included. The median time to return to work was 126 days. Self-employed workers re-entered the workforce 72 days earlier on average; workers who had experienced prior temporary work disability had a greater total temporary work disability duration and took 91 days longer to return to work compared to those who had not. CONCLUSIONS: Patients employed by others and those who had experienced prior temporary work disability before the surgery had longer temporary work disability periods. In our study, no differences were observed based on gender, dominant hand, or biomechanical work demands of the intervened patients.

Temporary work disability following trapezial resection and suspension arthroplasty for thumb carpometacarpal osteoarthritis. / Incapacidad laboral temporal tras cirugía de rizartrosis mediante trapecectomía y artroplastia de suspensión con sutura de alta resistencia.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to assess the time to return to work (TRW) in patients undergoing trapezial resection using the Mini TightRope® system at our center and to investigate factors that might delay return to work following this surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on patients who underwent Trapezial resection and suspensionplasty using the Mini TightRope® system between 2015 and 2016, with a minimum one-year follow-up. Telephone interviews were conducted along with a review of medical records and radiology reports, as well as temporary work disability documents, collecting epidemiological and occupational data. Groups were compared based on age, gender, dominant hand, biomechanical occupational requirements of the patients, and whether they had experienced prior temporary work disability. RESULTS: A total of 36 patients (29 women and 7 men) with an average age of 55.7 years were included. The median time to return to work was 126 days. Self-employed workers re-entered the workforce 72 days earlier on average; workers who had experienced prior temporary work disability had a greater total temporary work disability duration and took 91 days longer to return to work compared to those who had not. CONCLUSIONS: Patients employed by others and those who had experienced prior temporary work disability before the surgery had longer temporary work disability periods. In our study, no differences were observed based on gender, dominant hand, or biomechanical work demands of the intervened patients.

Oncologic impact of micrometastases or isolated tumor cells in sentinel lymph nodes of patients with endometrial cancer: a meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: There is a gap in knowledge regarding the impact of micrometastases (MIC) and isolated tumor cells (ITCs) found in the sentinel lymph nodes of patients with endometrial cancer. Here, we present a meta-analysis of the published literature on the rate of MIC and ITCs after lymphatic mapping and determine trends in postoperative management. METHODS: Literature search of Medline and PubMed was done using the terms: micrometastases, isolated tumor cells, endometrial cancer, and sentinel lymph node. Inclusion criteria were: English-language manuscripts, retrospectives, or prospective studies published between January 1999 and June 2019. We removed manuscripts on sentinel node mapping that did not specify information on micrometastases or isolated tumor cells, non-English-language articles, no data about oncologic outcomes, and articles limited to ten cases or less. RESULTS: A total of 45 manuscripts were reviewed, and 8 studies met inclusion criteria. We found that the total number of patients with MIC/ITCs was 286 (187 and 99, respectively). The 72% of patients detected with MIC/ITCs in sentinel nodes received adjuvant therapies. The MIC/ITCs group has a higher relative risk of recurrence of 1.34 (1.07, 1.67) than the negative group, even if the adjuvant therapy was given. CONCLUSION: We noted that there is an increased relative risk of recurrence in patients with low-volume metastases, even after receiving adjuvant therapy. Whether adjuvant therapy is indicated remains a topic of debate because there are other uterine factors implicated in the prognosis. Multi-institutional tumor registries may help shed light on this important question.

Evaluation of the intraoperative human papillomavirus test as a marker of early cure at 12 months after electrosurgical excision procedure in women with cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion: a prospective cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if the intraoperative human papillomavirus (IOP-HPV) test has the same prognostic value as the HPV test performed at 6 months after treatment of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) to predict treatment failure. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Barcelona, Spain. POPULATION: A cohort of 216 women diagnosed with HSIL and treated with loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). METHODS: After LEEP, an HPV test was performed using the Hybrid Capture 2 system. If this was positive, genotyping was performed with the CLART HPV2 technique. The IOP-HPV test was compared with HPV test at 6 months and with surgical margins. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Treatment failure. RESULTS: Recurrence rate of HSIL was 6%. There was a strong association between a positive IOP-HPV test, a positive 6-month HPV test, positive HPV 16 genotype, positive surgical margins and HSIL recurrence. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the IOP-HPV test were 85.7, 80.8,24.0 and 98.8% and of the HPV test at 6 months were 76.9, 75.8, 17.2 and 98.0%. CONCLUSION: Intraoperative HPV test accurately predicts treatment failure in women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2/3. This new approach may allow early identification of patients with recurrent disease, which will not delay the treatment. Genotyping could be useful in detecting high-risk patients. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: IOP-HPV test accurately predicts treatment failure in women with CIN 2/3.

Comparison of robotic-assisted vs conventional laparoscopy for extraperitoneal paraaortic lymphadenectomy.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the perioperative outcomes of robotic-assisted extraperitoneal paraaortic lymphadenectomy for locally advanced cervical cancer and to compare to a previous series of patients from our institution undergoing the same procedure by conventional laparoscopy. METHODS: 17 patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (FIGO stages IB2, IIA2 and IIB-IVA) underwent pretherapeutic extraperitoneal paraaortic lymphadenectomy by robotic-assisted laparoscopy. Perioperative outcomes including age, BMI, FIGO stage, operating time, blood loss, complications and length of hospital stay were compared to a series of 83 patients from our institution undergoing the same procedure by conventional laparoscopy. RESULTS: The median values for operating time and hospital days for the robotic-assisted and conventional laparoscopy groups were 150 vs. 150 min and 2 vs 2 days, respectively. In the robotic group, blood loss was lower (90 vs 20 ml, p<0.05) and more aortic nodes were removed (14 vs 17 nodes, p<0.05). Docking time was 7 min (range 3-15). There were no intraoperative complications. There were no differences for postoperative complications (17.6% vs 8.4%). CONCLUSION: Robotic-assisted and conventional laparoscopy provide similar perioperative outcomes other than lower blood loss and higher number of aortic nodes removed (both without clinical impact) in robotic patients for the performance of extraperitoneal paraaortic lymphadenectomy in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer. We believe that robotic surgery is an additional tool to perform the same surgical procedure. HIGHLIGHTS: Robotic-assisted and conventional laparoscopic extraperitoneal paraaortic lymphadenectomy provide similar perioperative outcomes.

Ablación septal con alcohol en la miocardiopatía hipertrófica: Experiencia de 10 años de un centro de cardiología. Resultados inmediatos y seguimiento a 12 meses / Septal ablation with alcohol in hipertrophic miocardiopathy: Ten years experience in a cardiologic center. Immediate and long term results

Objetivo: Conocer las características demográficas, clínicas, hemodinámicas y su evolución intrahospitalaria a mediano plazo en la miocardiopatía hipertrófica septal obstructiva. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, longitudinal con dirección retrospectiva, descriptivo y no comparativo (serie de casos) que incluye 21 pacientes con diagnóstico de miocardiopatía hipertrófica septal obstructiva con los siguientes criterios: clase funcional III-IV de la New York Heart Association refractarios a tratamiento y/o con gradiente ≥ 30 mmHg en reposo o ≥ 60 mmHg provocado y además con movimiento sistólico anterior o insuficiencia mitral > GII esto, por ecocardiografía. Resultados: Variables demográficas: edad promedio de la cohorte fue de 50 ± 16; distribución por género: hombres n = 8 (38.1%), mujeres n = 13 (61.9%); síntomas: angor n = 9 (42.9%), disnea n = 18 (85.7), síncope n = 5 (23.8); clases funcionales (New York Heart Association) (preablación): clase funcional 3 n = 12 (57.1%), clase funcional 4 n = 1 (4.8%); uso de fármacos: BB n =15 (71.4%), Verapamil n = 13 (61.9%), IECA n = 3 (14.3%), ECG: HVI n = 17 (81%), FA n = 1 (4.8%), BCRIHH n = 3 (14.3%); ecocardiográficas: eco basal PPVI 14.9 ± 4.4 mm, SIV 22.7 ± 4.9 mm, FE 65.5 + 7%, Gte.TSVI 106.9 ± 29.9 mmHg, grado IM-3 n = 7 (33.3%), grado IM-4 n = 10 (47.6%); postintervención Eco Gte TVSI 44.6 ± 24.3 mm, grado IM-3 n = 3 (14.3%), grado IM-4 n = 1 (4.8%), alcohol 3.4 ± 0.9 mL; estancia intrahospitalaria 5.9 ± 3 días, CPK-total 1466 ± 924, CK-MB 215 ± 128; complicaciones eléctricas BAV transitorio n = 11(52.9%), MCPD n = 1 (4.8), hemodinámicas-FE basal 65.5 + 16, FE post 62.2 ± 6.5, gte basal 106.33 ± 37 mmHg, Gte-post 44 ± 34 mmhg; evolución: 1 año CF-NYHA, CF1: n = 19 (90.5%), CF2: n = 2 (9.5%), eco Gte TSVI 22.0 ± 5.7 mmHg, SIV 20.7 ± 3.1 mm, FE (68.7 ± 6.2%), IM-0 n = 11 (52.4%), IM-1 n = 6 (28.6%), IM-2 n = 4 (19%); mortalidad intrahospitalaria del 0%. Conclusión: La ablación septal con alcohol es un método que tiene una alta tasa de éxito con una mejoría en cuanto a la calidad de vida del paciente y con un índice de complicaciones baja.

Objective: To know the demographic, clinical, hemodynamic, and hospital course, and medium term septal obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Material and methods: Observational, longitudinal direction retrospective, descriptive and comparative (case series), including 21 patients with septal obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with the following criteria: functional class III-IV New York Heart Association refractory to treatment and/or ≥ 30 mmHg gradient at rest or ≥ 60 mm Hg provoked, and others have systolic anterior motion or mitral insufficiency > GII this by echocardiography. Results: Demographic variables: population-average age of the cohort was 50 ± 16 years, distribution by gender: men n = 8 (38.1%), women n = 13 (61.9%) symptoms: angor n = 9 (42.9%), dyspnea n = 18 (85.7), syncope n = 5 (23.8) CF-NYHA (pre-ablation): CF3 n = 12 (57.1%), CF4 n = 1 (4.8%); drug use: BB n = 15 (71.4%), verapamil n = 13 (61.9%), ACE inhibitors n = 3 (14.3%), ECG LVH n = 17 (81%), FA n = 1 (4.8%), LBHH n = 3 (14.3%); ecocardiogaphic-eco baseline: 14.9 ± 4.4 mm WPLV, IVS 22.7 ± 4.9 mm, EF: 65.5 ± 7%, Gte.TVG: 106.9 ± 29.9 mmHg, MI-3 grade n = 7 (33.3%), grade MI-4 n = 10 (47.6%) Post-intervention-eco gte TVG 44.6 ± 24.3 mm, grade MI-3 n = 3 (14.3%), grade MI-4 n = 1 (4.8%) 3.4 ± 0.9 ml alcohol, hospital stay 5.9 ± 3 days, CPK-total 1466 ± 924; CK-MB 215 ± 128, LVB transient electrical complications n = 11 (52.9%), permanent cardiac pacemaker n = 1 (4.8)-FE hemodynamic baseline: 65.5% ± 16, post-FE 62.2% ± 6.5; Gte Basal: 106.33 ± 37 mmhg GTE-post 44 ± 34 mmHg, evolution: 1 year follow-up CF-NYHA, CF1: n = 19 (90.5%), CF2: n = 2 (9.5%); Eco Gte 22.0 ± 5.7 mm Hg LVOT, 20.7 ± 3.1 mm SIV, FE (68.7 ± 6.2%), IM-0 n = 11 (52.4%), IM-1 n = 6 (28.6%), IM-2 n = 4 (19%), hospital mortality of 0%. Conclusion: The alcohol septal ablation is a method that has a high success rate, with an improvement in the quality of life of patients with a low complication rate.

Enfermedad de Sinding-Larsen-Johansson: análisis de factores asociados / Sinding-Larsen-Johansson disease: analysis of the associated factors

Objetivo. Analizar los factores clínicos, etiológicos biomecánicos asociados a la enfermedad de Sinding-Larsen-Johansson (SLJ). Material y método. Estudio de casos-control valorando los siguientes parámetros: edad, sexo, tiempo de evolución clínica, lateralidad, nivel de actividad deportiva, grado radiológico, existencia de patela alta, existencia de retracción de isquiotibiales y aumento de la caída posterior de la tibia. Resultados. Presentamos 15 rodillas en 14 pacientes (un caso de afectación bilateral). El porcentaje de varones es del 85,7% y la edad media de afectación es de 10,86 años (d.t. 1,61). Todos ellos presentaban un nivel de actividad física y deportiva elevado con una duración de los síntomas muy variable (1-36 meses). Sin tendencia clara en cuanto a la lateralidad, la mayoría se incluyen en un grado radiológico tipo ii (53,3%). El análisis de los datos no muestra diferencias significativas (p>0,05) entre los grupos respecto al índice de Caton ni de Insall modificado. En la medición del ángulo poplíteo en las rodillas lesionadas, sí encontramos diferencias significativas (media: 32,50 d.t.:8,90) con respecto al grupo control (17,67; 8,21). La diferencia en la medición del ángulo de caída posterior en las rodillas lesionadas también ha resultado estadísticamente significativo (10,47; 2,82) con respecto a las rodillas de los casos control (8,33; 1,40). Conclusiones. Los pacientes con la enfermedad tienen un aumento de la pendiente tibial y retracción de isquiotibiales respecto al grupo control y esta diferencia es estadísticamente significativa (AU)

Aim. To analyse the clinical symptoms, aetiology and biomechanical aspects related to Sinding-Larsen-Johansson (SLJ) disease. Material and method. A case control study was conducted, analysing the following variables: age, gender, clinical follow up, side of body with the symptoms, sporting activity, radiological stage, presence of patella alta, presence of short hamstring tendons, and increased posterior tibial slope. Results. A total of 15 knees in 14 patients were studied; one case with bilateral disease. The large majority of cases were 85.7% were male, and the mean age was 10.86 (standard deviation 1.61). All of them practised sport and physical activity at a high level with a variable duration of symptoms (1-36 months). There was predominance in side. The majority were radiological grade II (53.3). The data analysis did not show any significant difference (P>.05) between the study groups regarding the Caton and modified Insall indexes. There was a significant difference in the popliteal angle measured in the affected knees (mean: 32.50, SD: 8.9) compared with the control group (mean: 17.67, SD: 8.21). The difference in the posterior slope angle in the affected knees was also statistically significant (mean: 10.47, SD: 2.82) compared with the control (mean: 8.33, SD: 1.4). Conclusions. According to our data, patients have short hamstring tendons and increased posterior tibial slope compared to the control group, and this difference is statistically significant (AU)

Location of aortic node metastases in locally advanced cervical cancer.

BACKGROUND: To assess the location of aortic node metastasis in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer undergoing extraperitoneal aortic lymphadenectomy to define the extent of the aortic lymphadenectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between August 2001 and December 2010, 100 consecutive patients with primary locally advanced cervical cancer underwent extraperitoneal laparoscopic aortic and common iliac lymphadenectomy. The location of aortic node metastases, inframesenteric or infrarenal was noted. RESULTS: The mean number±standard deviation (SD) of aortic nodes removed was 15.9 ± 7.8 (range 4-62). The mean number ± SD of inframesenteric (including common iliac) nodes removed was 8.8 ± 4.5 (range 2-41) and the mean number ± SD of infrarenal nodes removed was 7.8 ± 4.1 (range 2-21). Positive aortic nodes were observed in 16 patients, and in 5 (31.2%) of them the infrarenal nodes were the only nodes involved, with negative inframesenteric nodes. CONCLUSION: Inframesenteric aortic nodes are negative in the presence of positive infrarenal nodes in about one third of patients with locally advanced cervical cancer and aortic metastases.

[Sinding-Larsen-Johansson disease: analysis of the associated factors]. / Enfermedad de Sinding-Larsen-Johansson: análisis de factores asociados.

AIM: To analyse the clinical symptoms, aetiology and biomechanical aspects related to Sinding-Larsen-Johansson (SLJ) disease. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A case control study was conducted, analysing the following variables: age, gender, clinical follow up, side of body with the symptoms, sporting activity, radiological stage, presence of patella alta, presence of short hamstring tendons, and increased posterior tibial slope. RESULTS: A total of 15 knees in 14 patients were studied; one case with bilateral disease. The large majority of cases were 85.7% were male, and the mean age was 10.86 (standard deviation 1.61). All of them practised sport and physical activity at a high level with a variable duration of symptoms (1-36 months). There was predominance in side. The majority were radiological grade II (53.3). The data analysis did not show any significant difference (P>.05) between the study groups regarding the Caton and modified Insall indexes. There was a significant difference in the popliteal angle measured in the affected knees (mean: 32.50, SD: 8.9) compared with the control group (mean: 17.67, SD: 8.21). The difference in the posterior slope angle in the affected knees was also statistically significant (mean: 10.47, SD: 2.82) compared with the control (mean: 8.33, SD: 1.4). CONCLUSIONS: According to our data, patients have short hamstring tendons and increased posterior tibial slope compared to the control group, and this difference is statistically significant.

Structural and vibrational analysis of thymoquinone.

The molecular structure of 2-isopropyl-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone, C(6)O(2)H(2) (CH(3))(3)CH, has been optimized using methods based on density functional theory (DFT) and Moller-Plesset second-order perturbation theory (MP2). As regards C(6)O(2)H(2) (CH(3))(3)CH, two populated conformations with C(1) (trans) and C(s) (cis) symmetries are obtained, the former being more stable than the latter. The theoretical data indicate that although both anti and cis conformers are possible by rotation about the C-C bond, the preferred conformation is trans. The effects governing the torsion barriers and preferred conformations were analyzed at B3LYP/6-311++G** level. The atoms in molecules (AIM) theory and natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis was applied to the cis and trans conformers in order to detect intramolecular contacts. Furthermore, the infrared spectra for the gas and solid phases and the Raman spectrum for the solid one, were recorded and the observed bands assigned to the vibrational modes.

Characterization and crystal structure of 2R-(-)-6-hydroxytremetone from Xenophyllum poposum (Phil.) V.A. Funk.

2R-(-)-6-Hydroxytremetone (C13H14O3) is a bioactive metabolite isolated from Xenophyllum poposum (Phil.) V.A. Funk. (ex. Werneria poposa Phil.), a member of the Asteraceae. Various pharmacological properties attributed by popular medicine to benzofurane derivatives prompted their physical and chemical characterization. The obtained substance was characterized by melting point, optic rotation, ultraviolet spectrum, 1HRMN, 13CRMN, infrared spectroscopy, and thermo-analytical techniques. The molecular structure of 2R-(-)-6-hydroxytremetone was determined by single crystal X-rays diffraction methods. The substance crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1) with a = 8.767(2) A, b = 5.423(1) A, c = 24.301(4) A, beta = 90.52(2) degrees , and two independent but very similar molecules of the same handedness per asymmetric unit (Z = 4). Both molecules have the phenyl ring and its attached oxydryl and methyl ketone groups nearly co-planar to one another and are stabilized by a strong OH ... Oketone intra-molecular bond (Ohydroxyl ... Oketone distances of 2.529 and 2.536 A; O-H ... Oketone angles of 146.4 and 143.9 degrees , respectively).

Sentinel lymph node identification in a primary ductal carcinoma arising in the vulva.

Primary or metastatic breast-like carcinoma of the vulva is a rare event. Because of the similarity with breast ductal carcinoma, we think that the same principles used for treatment of orthotopic breast cancer can be applied, as well as the use of sentinel lymph node technique, which is widely accepted in the management of early-stage breast cancer. We report a 49-old-year postmenopausal woman who was referred to our institution after small biopsy of a 3.5- x 3-cm right vulvar tumor. Histopathologically, infiltration of the vulvar dermis by a ductal carcinoma of mammary gland type was reported. At operation, the sentinel node technique revealed two sentinel nodes in the right inguinal area. Although these nodes proved negative for malignancy, the patient underwent wide local excision of tumor and complete ipsilateral inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy. The remaining excised nodes were negative. Surgical specimen proved estrogen- and progesterone-positive receptors, the reason for which the patient received tamoxifen adjuvant therapy. This report represents the first case in the world literature of primary breast carcinoma arising in the vulva in which sentinel lymph node identification has been possible. Because of the rarity of this condition, the pathologic similarity of this tumor along with currently accepted guidelines for the management of breast cancer supports the possibility of local excision and sentinel lymph node identification as a possible alternative to inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy.

Waterborne epidemic outbreak of Shigella sonnei gastroenteritis in Santa Maria de Palautordera, Catalonia, Spain.

In August 2002 an outbreak of Shigella sonnei infection occurred in a Spanish town of 6343 inhabitants. In total, 756 people developed acute gastroenteritis and 181 cases were shigella-confirmed. The peak incidence was during 5-6 August 2002. The estimated primary attack rate was 9.97%; the attack rate for secondary cases was 38%. The <15 years ago group was most affected (16.49%). The town and its surroundings were served by two water systems, A and B. The cases had consumed water provided by system A (attack rate 164 cases/1000 population). Microbiological analysis of water from system A did not show the presence of coliform bacteria or shigella. This shigellosis outbreak was the largest reported in Spain. The impact of the epidemic was probably greater than the incidence detected.

Relación de parámetros bioquímicos de estrés con índices de masa ósea / Relationship between biochemical factors associated to stress and bone mass indexes. AEBM reference 2003 award

Objetivos. Pretendemos observar si algunos de los parámetros bioquímicos asociados al estrés (cortisol plasmático y metanefrinas urinarias), se relacionan directamente con la aparición de osteoporosis en mujeres postmenopaúsicas, y por lo tanto, con una disregulación inmune, objetivable por alteraciones en factores bioquímicos como las citoquinas osteoclastogénicas (IL-1 e IL-6). Material y Métodos. En una cohorte de 173 mujeres, medimos cortisol, IL-1, IL-6, fosfatasa ácida tartrato-resistente (FATR) y metanefrinas urinarias, así como su densidad mineral ósea (BMD), en columna lumbar (L2-L4) y en cuello de fémur. Resultados. Obtuvimos una relación estadísticamente significativa (p<0.05), para las siguientes asociaciones: BMD en columna lumbar (L2-L4) y en cuello de fémur, respecto a metanefrinas urinarias (p=0.0319 y p=0.0234, respectivamente); IL-1-cortisol (p=0.0198); FATR-cortisol (p=0.015) e IL-6-FATR (p=0.016). Conclusiones. Existe una relación directa entre BMD disminuida y una elevación en un parámetro de estrés (metanefrinas urinarias), así como entre IL-1 y FATR con respecto a cortisol plasmático (índice bioquímico de estrés) (AU)

Crystal structure determination of thymoquinone by high-resolution X-ray powder diffraction.

The crystal structure of 2-isopropyl-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone (thymoquinone) and its thermal behavior--as necessary physical and chemical properties--were determined in order to enhance the current understanding of thymoquinone chemical action by using high resolution x-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and 3 thermo-analytical techniques thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The findings obtained with high-resolution x-ray powder diffraction and molecular location methods based on a simulated annealing algorithm after Rietveld refinement showed that the triclinic unit cell was a = 6.73728(8) A, b = 6.91560(8) A, c = 10.4988(2) A, alpha = 88.864(2) degrees, beta = 82.449(1) degrees, gamma = 77.0299(9) degrees; cell volume = 472.52(1) A3, Z = 2, and space group P1. In addition, FTIR spectrum revealed absorption bands corresponding to the carbonyl and C-H stretching of aliphatic and vinylic groups characteristically observed in such p-benzoquinones. Also, a chemical decomposition process starting at 65 degrees C and ending at 213 degrees C was noted when TGA was used. DSC allowed for the determination of onset at 43.55 degrees C and a melting enthalpy value of DeltaH(m) = 110.6 J/g. The low value obtained for the fusion point displayed a van der Waals pattern for molecular binding, and the thermograms performed evidence that thymoquinone can only be found in crystalline triclinic form, as determined by DRX methods.

Hiponatremia y síndrome de secreción inapropiada de hormona antidiurética en paciente con infarto cerebral / Hyponatremia and syndrome of inapropiate secretion of antidiurectic hormone in patient with cerebrovascular accident

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Herramientas novedosas para uso en epistaxis / Innovative tools to be used in epistaxis

El autor describe dos nuevas herramientas para ser utilizadas en epistaxis: el subgalato de bismuto usado como pasta con propiedades hemostáticas y un tipo especial de taponamiento que comprime la mucosa posterior nasal

[Primary esophageal melanoma]. / Melanoma esofágico primario.

Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus is an extremely rare non-epithelial neoplasm with a fatal prognosis. At present, approximately 184 cases have been published in the world literature. Of all published cases, 10 (5.4%) occurred in Spain. A 76 year-old man with malignant melanoma of the esophagus presented with dysphagia and weight loss, and treated by subtotal esophageal resection is reported. There was no history of previous cutaneous melanoma and ophthalmologic examination had been normal. At esophagoscopy a polypoid and pigmented mass (diameter 5 cm) almost completely occluding the lumen in the lower third of the esophagus was found. Multiple tumor biopsies were obtained. Histological diagnoses were made by examining endoscopic biopsy specimens and confirmed with resected specimens. The purpose of this communication is to present a case of primary esophageal malignant melanoma proved preoperatively by histological and immunohistochemical studies (positive reaction to the HMB-45 and S-100 antigen), followed by a review of the literature of these exceptional tumors.