ABSTRACT
The most recent version of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Clinical Practice Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with endometrial cancer was published in 2022. It was therefore decided, by both the ESMO and the Indian Society of Medical and Paediatric Oncology (ISMPO), to convene a virtual meeting in July 2022 to adapt the ESMO 2022 guidelines to take into account the variations in the management of endometrial cancer in Asia. These guidelines represent the consensus opinion of a panel of Asian experts representing the oncological societies of China (CSCO), India (ISMPO), Indonesia (ISHMO), Japan (JSMO), Korea (KSMO), Malaysia (MOS), the Philippines (PSMO), Singapore (SSO), Taiwan (TOS) and Thailand (TSCO). Voting was based on scientific evidence and was conducted independently of the current treatment practices and treatment access constraints in the different Asian countries, which were discussed when appropriate. The aim of this guideline manuscript is to provide guidance for the optimisation and harmonisation of the management of patients with endometrial cancer across the different regions of Asia, drawing on the evidence provided by Western and Asian trials whilst respecting the variations in clinical presentation, diagnostic practices including molecular profiling and disparities in access to therapeutic options, including drug approvals and reimbursement strategies.
Subject(s)
Endometrial Neoplasms , Societies, Medical , Child , Female , Humans , Asia , Endometrial Neoplasms/diagnosis , Medical OncologyABSTRACT
Se evaluaron la cinética de fermentación, pruebas de crecimiento y efecto de inhibición de Lactobacillus gasseri sobre Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Se determinó susceptibilidad de L. gasseri y Y. pseudotuberculosis a los antibióticos gentamicina, penicilina, ciprofloxacina, dicloxacilina y cefalotina; además, el efecto de inhibición de L. gasseri y su sobrenadante en Y. pseudotuberculosis y el crecimiento de L. gasseri a diferentes concentraciones de sales biliares, bilis bovina y temperatura. Se evaluó la cinética de crecimiento de la cepa láctica (UFC/ml, pH, azúcar, acidez y proteína) y se determinaron péptidos en el sobrenadante mediante HPLC. Las variables pH y UFC/ml se evaluaron mediante un diseño de medidas repetidas en el tiempo. Se encontró resistencia de L. gasseri y Y. pseudotuberculosis a la dicloxacilina, además de cefalotina para la primera. La cepa láctica y su sobrenadante inhibieron a la cepa patógena. Se obtuvieron crecimientos entre 3 x 10(8) y 1,7 x 10(13) UFC/150 pl en sales biliares, entre 3 x 10(8) y 3 x 10(12) UFC/150 pl en bilis bovina y entre 4,3 x 10(8) y 3 x 10(13) UFC/150 pl a diferentes temperaturas. La fase exponencial se observó a las 16 h con un valor de 3 x 10(12) UFC/150 pl, pH de 4,56, azúcar de 1,79 mg/l, acidez de 0,925 y proteína de 0,16 mg/l. Se encontró el péptido VAL-TIR-VAL en el sobrenadante de L. gasseri. Los resultados indican que L. gasseri puede ser importante como cepa probiótica en condiciones in vitro.
Fermentation kinetics, growth tests and inhibition effect of Lactobacillus gasseri on Yersinia pseudotuberculosis was evaluated. Susceptibility to gentamicin, penicillin, ciprofloxacin, and cephalothin, dicloxacillin antibiotics, and the inhibition effect of L. gasseri and supernatant on Y. pseudotuberculosis was determined. Additionally, the growth of L. gasseri to different concentrations of bile salts, bovine bile and temperature. Growth kinetics of lactic strain (CFU/ml, pH, sugar, acidity and protein) was evaluated and peptide in the supernatant was determined by HPLC. The pH and CFU/ml variables were evaluated using a repeated measures time design. L. gasseri and Y. pseudotuberculosis resistance to dicloxacillin was found in addition to the first cephalothin. Lactic strain and its supernatant inhibited the pathogenic strain, 3 x 10(8) at 1.7 x 1013 CFU/150 pl in bile salts, 3 x 10(8) at 3 x 10(12) CFU/150 pl in bovine bile and 4.3 x 10(8) to 3 x 10(13) CFU/150 pl to different temperatures. Exponential phase was observed at 16 h with a value of 3 x 10(12) CFU/150 pl , pH 4.56, sugar 1.79 mg/l, acidity 0.925 and protein 0.16 mg/l, the TIR-VAL VAL-peptide was found in the supernatant of L. gasseri. The results indicate that L. gasseri can be important as probiotic strain in vitro conditions.
ABSTRACT
The Americas have a large population of farm animals, mostly for export. There are diverse production systems distributed over an extensive and varied geography, which hampers efforts to respond to the demands of the different markets. This study provides an overview of the elements influencing animal welfare implementation, such as the requirements of importing countries, the requirements of private agents, the demands of producers and manufacturers, quality promotion policies, the demands of the community, the recommendations of reference bodies and the results of applied research. To explore the level of animal welfare development in the countries of the region, a detailed case study was made of Chile, in addition to a survey of the Member Countries of the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) in the Americas. An analysis was made of progress with the issues considered by the OIE as priorities, namely humane slaughter for human consumption, transport and killing for disease control purposes. Furthermore, the study considers various aspects of production which the OIE has not included up to now. It also explores the status of research and producer and consumer perceptions of the issue. The results reveal that the level of development and implementation of animal welfare differs from one country to another. While the adoption of animal welfare regulations certainly relates to all the above-mentioned aspects, the one which appears to have the most impact is the export of livestock products to certain markets. Although there is great interest in improving animal welfare conditions, this calls for the general characteristics of animal husbandry in the various countries to be taken into account. While some livestock production in the Americas follows world patterns, many countries still find it difficult to integrate good animal welfare practices, owing to specific geographical, social and cultural situations that are reflected in local livestock development rationales.
Subject(s)
Abattoirs/standards , Animal Welfare/standards , Animal Welfare/trends , Animals, Domestic , Legislation, Veterinary , Agriculture , Animals , Commerce , North America , South America , Transportation/standardsABSTRACT
En pacientes fallecidos por síndrome de muerte súbita infantil se han descrito alteraciones de la maduración neuronal en el tronco cerebral y gliosis. Propósito: determinar si existen alteraciones en niños fallecidos por síndrome de muerte súbita infantil. Sujetos y método: mediciones de densidad, longitud y volumen del cilindro dendrítico de las células piramidales en preparaciones de la corteza motora de cuatro lactantes fallecidos por síndrome de muerte súbita infantil y cuatro controles muertos por neumonía. Las preparaciones fueron teñidas con la técnica de Golgi-Cox y evaluados con métodos morfométricos. Resultados: no se encontraron diferencias significativas en la densidad, número de ramas dendríticas a diferentes distancias del soma neuronal y volumen del cilindro dendrítico basal entre los lactantes fallecidos por neumonía y los considerados como casos de muerte súbita infantil, pero en estos últimos se registró, a diferencia de los controles, marcado proliferación de la glia. Conclusión: en lactantes fallecidos por síndrome de muerte súbita la maduración neuronal podría no ser afectada por aquellos factores que, en cambio, inducirían un retardo de la maduración histológica de núcleos del tronco encefálico y gliosis difusa del tejido nervioso. La gliosis sugiere exposición crónica a situaciones de hipoxia
