ABSTRACT
Antecedentes. Muchas especies de Alternaria han sido estudiadas por su capacidad de producir metabolitos secundarios bioactivos como la tentoxina (TEN), algunos de los cuales tienen propiedades tóxicas. Las principales toxinas de Alternaria contaminantes de alimentos son el ácido tenuazónico, el alternariol (AOH), el alternariol monometil éter (AME), el altenueno y las altertoxinas i , ii y iii . Objetivos. Determinar los perfiles de metabolitos secundarios característicos de cepas de Alternaria aisladas de tomate para su clasificación quimiotaxonómica. Métodos. Los perfiles de metabolitos secundarios se determinaron por HPLC-MS. Resultados. Los aislamientos de Alternaria obtenidos a partir de tomates con «enmohecimiento negro» pertenecen, según sus características morfológicas, a los grupos especie Alternaria alternata, Alternaria tenuissima y Alternaria arborescens, siendo A. tenuissima el más frecuentemente aislado. Se determinaron los perfiles más característicos de metabolitos secundarios de los grupos especie A. alternata (AOH, AME, TEN), A. tenuissima (AOH, AME, TEN, ácido tenuazónico) y A. arborescens (AOH, AME, TEN, ácido tenuazónico), siendo algunas cepas de este último grupo especie capaces de sintetizar toxinas AAL. Conclusiones. Los perfiles de producción de metabolitos secundarios son una herramienta útil para la diferenciación de aislamientos de Alternaria pertenecientes a grupos especie de esporas pequeñas difícilmente identificables por sus características morfológicas (AU)
Background. Many Alternaria species have been studied for their ability to produce bioactive secondary metabolites, such as tentoxin (TEN), some of which have toxic properties. The main food contaminant toxins are tenuazonic acid, alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), altenuene, and altertoxins i, ii and iii. Aims. To determine the profiles of secondary metabolites characteristic of Alternaria strains isolated from tomato for their chemotaxonomic classification. Methods. The profiles of secondary metabolites were determined by HPLC MS. Results. The Alternaria isolates obtained from spoiled tomatoes belong, according to their morphological characteristics, to the species groups Alternaria alternata, Alternaria tenuissima and Alternaria arborescens, with A. tenuissima being the most frequent. The most frequent profiles of secondary metabolites belonging to the species groups A. alternata (AOH, AME, TEN), A. tenuissima (AOH, AME, TEN, tenuazonic acid) and A. arborescens (AOH, AME, TEN, tenuazonic acid) were determined, with some isolates of the latter being able to synthesize AAL toxins. Conclusions. Secondary metabolite profiles are a useful tool for the differentiation of small spored Alternaria isolates not easily identifiable by their morphological characteristics (AU)
Subject(s)
Alternaria/isolation & purification , Solanum lycopersicum/metabolism , Solanum lycopersicum/microbiology , Mycotoxins , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Mycotoxins/metabolism , Tenuazonic Acid/metabolism , Bacterial Toxins/metabolismABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Many Alternaria species have been studied for their ability to produce bioactive secondary metabolites, such as tentoxin (TEN), some of which have toxic properties. The main food contaminant toxins are tenuazonic acid, alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), altenuene, and altertoxins i, ii and iii. AIMS: To determine the profiles of secondary metabolites characteristic of Alternaria strains isolated from tomato for their chemotaxonomic classification. METHODS: The profiles of secondary metabolites were determined by HPLC MS. RESULTS: The Alternaria isolates obtained from spoiled tomatoes belong, according to their morphological characteristics, to the species groups Alternaria alternata, Alternaria tenuissima and Alternaria arborescens, with A. tenuissima being the most frequent. The most frequent profiles of secondary metabolites belonging to the species groups A. alternata (AOH, AME, TEN), A. tenuissima (AOH, AME, TEN, tenuazonic acid) and A. arborescens (AOH, AME, TEN, tenuazonic acid) were determined, with some isolates of the latter being able to synthesize AAL toxins. CONCLUSIONS: Secondary metabolite profiles are a useful tool for the differentiation of small spored Alternaria isolates not easily identifiable by their morphological characteristics.
