ABSTRACT
The U.S. Latino population is steadily increasing, prompting a need for cross-cultural outcome measures in schizophrenia research. This study examined the contribution of language to functional assessment in middle-aged Latino patients with schizophrenia by comparing 29 monolingual Spanish-speakers, 29 Latino English-speakers, and 29 non-Latino English-speakers who were matched on relevant demographic variables and who completed cognitive and functional assessments in their native language. There were no statistically significant differences between groups on the four everyday functioning variables (UCSD Performance-Based Skills Assessment [UPSA], Social Skills Performance Assessment [SSPA], Medication Management Ability Assessment [MMAA], and the Global Assessment of Functioning [GAF]). The results support the cross-linguistic and cross-cultural acceptability of these functional assessment instruments. It appears that demographic variables other than language (e.g., age, education) better explain differences in functional assessment among ethnically diverse subpopulations. Considering the influence of these other factors in addition to language on functional assessments will help ensure that measures can be appropriately interpreted among the diverse residents of the United States.
Subject(s)
Culture , Hispanic or Latino , Language , Schizophrenia , Social Behavior , Activities of Daily Living , Adult , Disability Evaluation , Ethnicity , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , United States , White PeopleABSTRACT
Cognitive remediation improves cognition in patients with schizophrenia, but its effect on other relevant factors such as negative symptoms and functional outcome has not been extensively studied. In this hospital-based study, 84 inpatients with chronic schizophrenia were recruited from Alava Hospital (Spain). All of the subjects underwent a baseline and a 3-month assessment that examined neurocognition, clinical symptoms, insight, and functional outcome according to the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale and Disability Assessment Schedule from World Health Organization (DAS-WHO). In addition to receiving standard treatment, patients were randomly assigned either to receive neuropsychological rehabilitation (REHACOP) or to a control group. REHACOP is an integrative program that taps all basic cognitive functions. The program included experts' latest suggestions about positive feedback and activities of daily living in the patients' environment. The REHACOP group showed significantly greater improvements at 3 months in the areas of neurocognition, negative symptoms, disorganization, and emotional distress compared with the control group (Cohen's effect size for these changes ranged from d = 0.47 for emotional distress to d = 0.58 for disorganization symptoms). The REHACOP group also improved significantly in both the GAF (d = 0.61) and DAS-WHO total scores (d = 0.57). Specifically, the patients showed significant improvement in vocational outcomes (d = 0.47), family contact (d = 0.50), and social competence (d = 0.56). In conclusion, neuropsychological rehabilitation may be useful for the reduction of negative symptoms and functional disability in schizophrenia. These findings support the integration of neuropsychological rehabilitation into standard treatment programs for patients with schizophrenia.
Subject(s)
Cognition Disorders/rehabilitation , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/methods , Schizophrenia/rehabilitation , Schizophrenic Psychology , Activities of Daily Living , Adult , Cognition Disorders/psychology , Feedback, Psychological , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neuropsychological Tests , Spain , Treatment Outcome , Young AdultABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Schizophrenia/rehabilitation , Psychotic Disorders/rehabilitation , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/methods , Cognition Disorders/rehabilitationABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Neuropsychological rehabilitation in schizophrenia is a recent development and few studies have been conducted to determine its effectiveness in samples of a Spanish population. Specific therapeutic programmes have recently been designed, like REHACOP, which is a programme of cognitive rehabilitation in psychosis. This study aims to test the effectiveness of REHACOP in samples of patients with schizophrenia in a Spanish population in different phases of the disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Seventy-six patients were recruited and randomly assigned to either an experimental REHACOP group or a control group. The REHACOP group took part in three structured sessions held weekly for a period of three months, while the control group attended occupational therapy sessions with the same frequency and intensity. Both groups received standard additional treatment according to their course and progress. All the patients were evaluated before and after the intervention on attention, language, learning and memory, processing speed and executive functions. RESULTS: The REHACOP group offered significant improvements, with respect to the control group, in all the cognitive functions that were explored including attention, visuomotor integration, learning and memory or executive functions. Likewise, the REHACOP group showed a significant clinical and emotional improvement compared to the control group, as well as additional gains in their capacity for insight into the disease. CONCLUSIONS: The data from this study suggest that REHACOP can be an effective programme of intervention for bringing about improvements in the neuropsychological deterioration of patients with schizophrenia, regardless of the degree of impairment and the stage of progress of the disease.
Subject(s)
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , Psychotic Disorders/rehabilitation , Schizophrenia/rehabilitation , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Single-Blind MethodABSTRACT
Introducción. La rehabilitación neuropsicológica en esquizofrenia tiene un recorrido reciente y su eficacia en muestras depoblación española se ha comprobado en escasas ocasiones. Recientemente se han diseñado programas terapéuticos específicos,como el REHACOP, programa de rehabilitación cognitiva en psicosis. El objetivo de este estudio es probar la eficacia del REHACOP en muestras de pacientes con esquizofrenia en población española en diferentes fases de la enfermedad. Pacientes y métodos. Se reclutaron 76 pacientes que fueron asignados aleatoriamente a un grupo experimental REHACOP o a un grupo control. El grupo REHACOP realizó tres sesiones estructuradas semanales durante tres meses, mientras que el grupo control acudió a sesiones de terapia ocupacional con la misma frecuencia e intensidad. Ambos grupos recibieron el tratamiento adicional estándar en función de su curso y evolución. Se evaluó a todos los pacientes antes y después dela intervención en atención, lenguaje, aprendizaje y memoria, velocidad de procesamiento y funciones ejecutivas. Resultados. El grupo REHACOP presentó mejorías significativas en todas las funciones cognitivas exploradas respecto algrupo control, incluyendo atención, integración visuomotora, aprendizaje y memoria o funciones ejecutivas. Asimismo, el grupo REHACOP mostró una mejoría clínica y emocional significativa respecto al grupo control y ganancias adicionales en su capacidad de insight sobre la enfermedad. Conclusión. Los datos de este estudio sugieren que el REHACOP puede ser un programa de intervención eficaz para inducirmejoras en el deterioro neuropsicológico en pacientes con esquizofrenia independientemente del grado de deterioro y del estado evolutivo de la enfermedad (AU)
Introduction. Neuropsychological rehabilitation in schizophrenia is a recent development and few studies have been conducted to determine its effectiveness in samples of a Spanish population. Specific therapeutic programmes have recently been designed, like REHACOP, which is a programme of cognitive rehabilitation in psychosis. This study aims to test the effectiveness of REHACOP in samples of patients with schizophrenia in a Spanish population in different phases of the disease.Patients and methods. Seventy-six patients were recruited and randomly assigned to either an experimental REHACOPgroup or a control group. The REHACOP group took part in three structured sessions held weekly for a period of three months, while the control group attended occupational therapy sessions with the same frequency and intensity. Bothgroups received standard additional treatment according to their course and progress. All the patients were evaluated before and after the intervention on attention, language, learning and memory, processing speed and executive functions.Results. The REHACOP group offered significant improvements, with respect to the control group, in all the cognitive functions that were explored including attention, visuomotor integration, learning and memory or executive functions.Likewise, the REHACOP group showed a significant clinical and emotional improvement compared to the control group, as well as additional gains in their capacity for insight into the disease. Conclusions. The data from this study suggest that REHACOP can be an effective programme of intervention for bringing about improvements in the neuropsychological deterioration of patients with schizophrenia, regardless of the degree ofimpairment and the stage of progress of the disease (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Psychotic Disorders/rehabilitation , Schizophrenia/rehabilitation , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/methods , Evaluation of Results of Therapeutic Interventions , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: In this work we present REHACOP, a programme of cognitive rehabilitation in psychosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The foundation of the REHACOP programme (its structure, materials, aims, work methodology and means of implementation) are described in detail. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: This new therapeutic tool is presented with the aim of being of use to guide professionals who seek to design an intervention of this kind in samples of patients with schizophrenia or other pathologies.
Subject(s)
Cognition Disorders/rehabilitation , Computer-Assisted Instruction , Psychotic Disorders/psychology , Therapy, Computer-Assisted , Activities of Daily Living , Attention , Cognition Disorders/etiology , Executive Function , Humans , Language , Learning , Memory , Patient Education as Topic , Schizophrenic Psychology , Self Care , Social Behavior , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Introducción. En el presente trabajo se presenta el programa REHACOP, programa de rehabilitación cognitiva en psicosis. Materiales y métodos. La fundamentación del programa REHACOP -su estructura, materiales, objetivos, metodología de trabajo y modos de implementación- se describe de modo detallado. Resultados y conclusiones. Se ofrece una nueva herramienta terapéutica con el objetivo de que pueda servir de orientación a profesionales que se planteen el diseño de una intervención de estas características en muestras de pacientes con esquizofrenia u otras patologías (AU)
Introduction. In this work we present REHACOP, a programme of cognitive rehabilitation in psychosis. Materials and methods. The foundation of the REHACOP programme (its structure, materials, aims, work methodology and means of implementation) are described in detail. Results and conclusions. This new therapeutic tool is presented with the aim of being of use to guide professionals who seek to design an intervention of this kind in samples of patients with schizophrenia or other pathologies (AU)
