The use of DOSY experiments to determine the solution structures of coinage metal pyrazolates: The case of {[3,5-(CF3 )2 Pz]Ag}3.

A series of DOSY experiments have been carried out to determine the solution stoichiometry of silver(I) 3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolate species. This compound exists as a trimer in the solid state (n = 3) but in solutions of chlorinated solvents, the DOSY data suggest the presence of a mixture of solvent stabilized monomer (n = 1) and dimer (n = 2) in equilibrium. Different approximations have been used including the Stokes-Einstein and the Stokes-Einstein-Gierer-Wirtz equations. Some methodological problems are discussed.

New polyhydroxylated sterols from Palythoa tuberculosa and their apoptotic activity in cancer cells.

The chemical study on the total extract of the zoanthid Palythoa tuberculosa, collected from the Red Sea, resulted in the isolation of seven polyhydroxylated sterols (1-7), six of which, palysterols A-F (2-7), are new. Their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive analysis of their 1-, 2D NMR and MS spectroscopic data. This is the first chemical investigation on the species collected from Red Sea. We studied the cytotoxic effects of the total extract and some of the new polyhydroxylated sterols in three human cancer cell lines (MCF-7, HeLa, and HT-29) and one non-cancerous human cell line (KMST-6). Palysterol F (7), in particular, was able to selectively induce high levels of apoptosis (>75%) in breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells but not HeLa, HT-29 and KMST-6 cells.

Synthesis and characterization of isomaltulose-derived oligosaccharides produced by transglucosylation reaction of Leuconostoc mesenteroides dextransucrase.

This paper reports the efficient enzymatic synthesis of a homologous series of isomaltulose-derived oligosaccharides with degrees of polymerization ranging from 3 to 9 through the transglucosylation reaction using a dextransucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512F. The total oligosaccharide yield obtained under optimal conditions was 41-42% (in weight with respect to the initial amount of isomaltulose) after 24-48 h of reaction. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) structural characterization indicated that dextransucrase specifically transferred glucose moieties of sucrose to the C-6 of the nonreducing glucose residue of isomaltulose. Likewise, monitoring the progression of the content of each individual oligosaccharide indicated that oligosaccharide acceptor products of low molecular weight acted in turn as acceptors for further transglucosylation to yield oligosaccharides of a higher degree of polymerization. The produced isomaltulose-derived oligosaccharides can be considered as isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMOs) because they are linked by only α-(1→6) bonds. In addition, having isomaltulose as the core structure, these IMO-like structures could possess appealing bioactive properties that could find potential applications as functional food ingredients.

Manifestaciones bucales en pacientes VIH positivos y su relación con valores de linfocitos CD4 / Oral manifestations in HIV positive patients and their relationship with CD4 cell counts

Objetivo: Identificar las manifestaciones bucales en pacientes VIH + y establecer la asociación con el contaje de linfocitos T CD4. Material y Método: Se estudiaron 96 pacientes VIH +, atendidos en la consulta del Servicio de Odontología del Hospital Universitario de Maracaibo, en el Occidente de Venezuela. En cada paciente se realizó examen clínico bucal y se investigaron los valores de CD4 Resultados: El 87,5 por ciento fueron varones; la edad promedio fue de 33,97±8,82 años. Las lesiones bucales se presentaron en el 65,62 por ciento de los pacientes, de los cuales el 60,42 por ciento estaban bajo tratamiento antirretroviral. Se observó que los pacientes con manifestaciones bucales tenían valores de CD4 más bajos que los que no la presentaron; además al comparar los CD4 de los pacientes con y sin manifestación bucal que recibían tratamiento, se encontraron que los primeros mostraron valores más bajos que los segundos (P<0.05). Conclusiones: Los pacientes con VIH con lesiones bucales presentaron valores de CD4 menores a los pacientes VIH + sin lesiones bucales, independientemente del tratamiento antirretroviral.

Objective: To identify the oral manifestation in HIV+ patients and to establish the association with the CD4 cells. Material and Method: It have been studied 96 HIV+ patients, attended in the consulting room of the Odontology Service in the Universitary Hospital of Maracaibo. In each patient it was made an oral examination and the CD4 values were taken. Results: The 87.5% were male, the average age was 33.97± 8.82 years. The oral manifestation were present in the 65.62% of the patients, 60.42% were under medical treatment. It was observed that the patients with oral manifestations had lower values of CD4 cells than the ones that didn't have them; in adittion when the number of CD4 cells of the patients with and without oral manifestations under medical treatment were compared, it was founded that the first ones showed lower values than the second ones (P<0.05). Conclusion: The patients with HIV with oral manifestations presented lower CD4 values than the HIV patients without oral manifestations independently of the antiretroviral treatment.