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1.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 65(5): 294-297, mayo 2018. graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-177067

ABSTRACT

La transposición de las grandes arterias (D-TGA) es una de las cardiopatías congénitas más comunes que requieren una intervención quirúrgica en la etapa neonatal. En neonatos muy afectados por una D-TGA, la hipoxemia, la acidemia y la insuficiencia cardiaca congestiva secundaria se mejora a menudo con una atrioseptostomía con balón (ASB). Los métodos actuales empleados para evaluar el aporte y el consumo de oxígeno tisular, con frecuencia no son específicos. La espectroscopia cercana al infrarrojo o near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) permite una medición continua no invasiva de la oxigenación tisular, reflejando el estado de la perfusión tisular en tiempo real. Debido a que se sabe poco sobre el efecto directo de la ASB en el cerebro neonatal y en la oxigenación cerebral de los mismos, nosotros medimos la eficacia de la ASB en 2 pacientes con D-TGA utilizando el NIRS antes y después de la ASB. Concluimos que la ASB mejora la saturación cerebral de oxígeno en neonatos con D-TGA


Transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA) is one of the most common congenital heart diseases requiring neonatal surgical intervention. In the desperately ill neonate with TGA and the resultant hypoxaemia, acidemia, and congestive heart failure, improvement is often obtained with balloon atrial septostomy (BAS). Current methods employed to evaluate oxygen delivery and tissue consumption are frequently nonspecific. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) allows a continuous non-invasive measurement of tissue oxygenation which reflects perfusion status in real time. Because little is known about the direct effect of BAS on the neonatal brain and on cerebral oxygenation, we measured the effectiveness of BAS in two patients with D-TGA using NIRS before and after BAS. We concluded BAS improves cerebral oxygen saturation in neonates with D-TGA


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant, Newborn , Oximetry/methods , Transposition of Great Vessels/complications , Hypoxia, Brain/physiopathology , Angioplasty, Balloon/methods , Monitoring, Physiologic , Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared/methods
2.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim (Engl Ed) ; 65(5): 294-297, 2018 May.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29366495

ABSTRACT

Transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA) is one of the most common congenital heart diseases requiring neonatal surgical intervention. In the desperately ill neonate with TGA and the resultant hypoxaemia, acidemia, and congestive heart failure, improvement is often obtained with balloon atrial septostomy (BAS). Current methods employed to evaluate oxygen delivery and tissue consumption are frequently nonspecific. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) allows a continuous non-invasive measurement of tissue oxygenation which reflects perfusion status in real time. Because little is known about the direct effect of BAS on the neonatal brain and on cerebral oxygenation, we measured the effectiveness of BAS in two patients with D-TGA using NIRS before and after BAS. We concluded BAS improves cerebral oxygen saturation in neonates with D-TGA.


Subject(s)
Heart Atria/surgery , Hypoxia/diagnosis , Hypoxia/etiology , Monitoring, Physiologic , Oximetry , Transposition of Great Vessels/complications , Transposition of Great Vessels/surgery , Cardiac Surgical Procedures , Cerebrovascular Circulation , Heart Septum/surgery , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Ostomy , Severity of Illness Index
5.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 55(1): 26-31, ene. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-71968

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Evaluar los efectos electrofisiológicos delsevoflurano en niños con síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) sometidos a ablación por radiofrecuencia(RF).MÉTODOs: Se estudiaron de forma prospectiva 15pacientes con síndrome de WPW, programados paraestudio electrofiosológico (EEF) y ablación por RF.La inducción anestésica se realizó con fentanilo (2 μkg–1), propofol (3 mg kg–1) y vecuronio (0,1 mg kg–1) y el mantenimiento con propofol (100 μ kg–1 min–1), bolus de fentanilo y vecuronio según necesidades. El EEF(EEFpropofol) se practicó mediante la introducción de cuatro electrocatéteres intracardiacos. Se determinaron la función del nodo sinusal, la conducción sinoatrial, períodos refractarios (auricular, nodo AV, anterógrado y retrógrado de la vía accesoria, ventricular)y características de la taquicardia ortodrómicainducida. Posteriormente, se intercambió propofol por sevoflurano (1 MAC según edad) repitiendo las mediciones(EEFsevoflurano). Los parámetros EEFpropofol y EEFsevoflurano se compararon mediante el test de Wilcoxon. RESULTADOS: La edad media fue de 9,3 ± 6 años. Trasla administración de sevoflurano se produjo un alargamiento del período refractario efectivo anterógrado de la vía accesoria (EEFpropofol 283 ± 22 ms; EEFsevoflurano 298 ± 25 ms; p = 0,004), y del ciclo mínimo de estimulación con conducción ventrículo-atrial 1:1 (EEFpropofol 244 ± 41 ms; EEFsevoflurano 273 ± 28 ms; p = 0,028). No hubo cambios significativosen el resto de los parámetros. En todos lospacientes se consiguió la ablación de la vía accesoria.CONCLUSIONES: El sevoflurano modificó parcialmentelas propiedades de la vía accesoria, aunque esto no impidióla ablación de la misma


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the electrophysiologicaleffects of sevoflurane in children with Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome undergoing radiofrequencyablation.METHODS: We performed a prospective study of 15patients with WPW syndrome who were scheduled foran electrophysiological study (EPS) and radiofrequencyablation.Anesthesia was induced with fentanyl (2 μg/kg),propofol (3 mg/kg), and vecuronium (0.1 mg/kg), andinitially maintained using propofol (100 μg/kg), withbolus administration of fentanyl and vecuronium asrequired. Four intracardiac catheters were introducedfor the EPSpropofol, which included measurements ofsinus-node function, sinoatrial-node conduction,refractory periods (atrial, AV-node, accessory pathwayanterograde and retrograde, and ventricular), and thecharacteristics of induced orthodromic tachycardia.The propofol was then replaced with sevoflurane (1MAC adjusted for age) and the measurements wererepeated (EPSsevoflurane). The EPSpropofol and EPSsevoflurane data were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.RESULTS: The mean (SD) age was 9.3 (6 ) years. Afteradministration of sevoflurane, the duration of the antegrade effective refractory period of the accessory pathway increased (EPSpropofol, 283 (22) ms; EPSsevoflurane, 298 (25) ms; P = .004), as did the duration of the minimum pacing cycle with 1:1 atrioventricular conduction (EPSpropofol, 244 (41) ms; EPSsevoflurane, 273 (28) ms; P = .028). No significant changes were observed in the other parameters. Ablation of the accessory pathway was achieved in all patients.CONCLUSIONS: Sevoflurane partially modified the properties of the accessory pathway but did not prevent ablation


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome/physiopathology , Propofol/pharmacokinetics , Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac , Prospective Studies , Catheter Ablation , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/diagnosis , Anesthetics, Inhalation/pharmacokinetics
7.
An Esp Pediatr ; 55(4): 339-41, 2001 Oct.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11578542

ABSTRACT

We describe two brothers with a neonatal diagnosis of junctional ectopic tachycardia. The first brother presented hydrops fetalis secondary to narrow QRS tachycardia at a rate of 230-300 beats/min with atrioventricular dissociation. Although the ventricular rate was controlled with intravenous amiodarone the baby died a few hours after initiation of this treatment from ventricular fibrillation and electromechanical dissociation. Histological examination of the conduction system showed diffuse hemorrhage and necrosis of the atrioventricular node and His' bundle. The second brother presented fetal distress and polyhydramnios and the postnatal electrocardiogram revealed junctional ectopic tachycardia at a rate of 170 beats/min alternating with sinus rhythm, which was controlled without treatment.


Subject(s)
Tachycardia, Ectopic Junctional/pathology , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Tachycardia, Ectopic Junctional/genetics
9.
An. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr) ; 55(4): 339-341, oct. 2001.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-1859

ABSTRACT

Se presentan los casos de 2 hermanos con taquicardia ectópica de la unión diagnosticados en el período neonatal. El primero se inició como hydrops fetal y se registró una taquicardia de 230 a 300 lat./min con complejo QRS estrecho y disociación auriculoventricular. La frecuencia ventricular se controló con amiodarona intravenosa, aunque falleció a las pocas horas de su inicio por fibrilación ventricular y disociación electromecánica. El estudio histológico del tejido de conducción demostró la presencia de hemorragia y necrosis difusa del nodo auriculoventricular y del haz His. El segundo caso presentó sufrimiento fetal agudo y polihidramnios y en el electrocardiograma posnatal se documentó una taquicardia de la unión a 170 lat./ min alternando con ritmo sinusal, que se ha controlado sin tratamiento (AU)


Subject(s)
Male , Infant, Newborn , Female , Humans , Tachycardia, Ectopic Junctional
10.
Rev Esp Cardiol ; 54(8): 999-1001, 2001 Aug.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11481116

ABSTRACT

A 2-years-old child with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome associated with life-threatening symptoms underwent radiofrequency ablation of a left lateral accessory pathway. A deflectable 5F bipolar electrode catheter positioned above the atrioventricular groove by transeptal approach was used for ablation. The catheters were repeatedly used after ethylene oxide sterilisation. Although immediate post-ablation echocardiography demonstrated no complications, the patient was readmitted two days later with fever and a new mitral murmur. Penicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus was isolated and intravenous antibiotics were administered. In the following weeks, the patient developed constrictive pericarditis requiring surgical treatment and acute hemiplegia caused by brain embolism arising from valvular vegetation. At 5 years of follow-up the patient presents residual hemiparesia and grade II/IV mitral insufficiency.


Subject(s)
Atrioventricular Node/surgery , Catheter Ablation/adverse effects , Endocarditis, Bacterial/microbiology , Mitral Valve Insufficiency/microbiology , Staphylococcal Infections , Atrioventricular Node/abnormalities , Child, Preschool , Endocarditis, Bacterial/complications , Humans , Male , Paresis/etiology , Pericarditis, Constrictive/etiology , Stroke/complications , Tachycardia, Supraventricular/etiology , Tachycardia, Supraventricular/surgery , Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome/surgery
11.
An Esp Pediatr ; 54(6): 595-7, 2001 Jun.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11412410

ABSTRACT

A newborn diagnosed with D-transposition of the great arteries underwent an arterial switch operation when she was 7-days old. The coronary pattern was of type 2, with right coronary and circumflex arteries from the right sinus and anterior descending artery from the left sinus. Early post-repair electrocardiogram showed acute myocardial ischemia of the anterior septum and multiple episodes of sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia. Bolus and continuous infusion of intravenous lidocaine successfully terminated all episodes of ventricular tachycardia. At 6 months' follow-up the electrocardiogram was normal, without signs of myocardial ischemia or myocardial necrosis and without recurrence of ventricular tachycardia.


Subject(s)
Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/therapeutic use , Lidocaine/therapeutic use , Myocardial Ischemia/complications , Postoperative Complications/drug therapy , Tachycardia, Ventricular/drug therapy , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Remission Induction , Tachycardia, Ventricular/etiology , Transposition of Great Vessels/surgery
12.
Rev Esp Cardiol ; 54(5): 652-4, 2001 May.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11412760

ABSTRACT

A 14-year old male with d-transposition of the large arteries and Senning repair should have presented four syncopal episodes with spontaneous recovery the year prior to admission is reported. Following conventional diagnostic procedures, including electrophysiologic study, no abnormalities were detected. Therefore, an insertable Holter was implanted, and two months later the patient presented a syncopal episode secondary to 15 second paroxysmal atrioventricular block. A dual chamber pacemaker was implantated and nine months later the patient remains syncope-free.


Subject(s)
Heart Block/complications , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Syncope/etiology , Transposition of Great Vessels/surgery , Adolescent , Electrocardiography , Humans , Male , Pacemaker, Artificial , Postoperative Complications/physiopathology , Postoperative Complications/therapy , Recurrence , Syncope/physiopathology , Syncope/therapy
13.
An. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr) ; 54(6): 595-597, jun. 2001.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-1932

ABSTRACT

Se practicó corrección anatómica en un recién nacido que había sido diagnosticado de d-transposición de las grandes arterias a los 7 días de vida. El patrón coronario era de tipo 2, con origen común de la arteria coronaria derecha y circunfleja del seno coronario derecho y origen independiente de la arteria coronaria descendente anterior del seno coronario izquierdo. En el postoperatorio inmediato presentó isquemia coronaria anteroseptal y varios episodios de taquicardia ventricular monomórfica sostenida. Estos últimos cesaron con lidocaína intravenosa en bolo, y perfusión durante 48 horas. A los 6 meses de la operación, el electrocardiograma (ECG) es normal, sin signos de isquemia ni necrosis, ni recurrencia de la taquicardia (AU)


Subject(s)
Male , Infant, Newborn , Humans , Transposition of Great Vessels , Tachycardia, Ventricular , Myocardial Ischemia , Postoperative Complications , Remission Induction , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents , Lidocaine
14.
An. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr) ; 54(4): 353-358, abr. 2001.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-1970

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La muerte súbita puede ser la primera manifestación del síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White, sobre todo en niños y adolescentes. Objetivos: El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar la utilidad de la ablación con catéter en niños con el síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White resucitados de muerte súbita. Métodos y resultados: Se presentan 4 pacientes (de 2,5 meses a 16 años de edad) con síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White resucitados de un episodio de muerte súbita. Los primeros 2 casos eran pequeños lactantes; en el primero, el episodio de muerte súbita ocurrió durante el tratamiento con digoxina por taquicardia supraventricular y, en el segundo, el diagnóstico de este síndrome se realizó tras un episodio de muerte súbita del lactante. En cada caso se realizó ablación de una única vía accesoria, lateral izquierda y posterior izquierda, por vía transeptal. En el tercer caso, con síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White asintomático, el episodio de muerte súbita se desencadenó durante el ejercicio y en el número 4, tras la perfusión intravenosa de adenosintrifosfato (ATP) y amiodarona para el tratamiento de un episodio de fibrilación auricular rápida; en ambos se realizó ablación de una vía accesoria posteroseptal derecha y anterior derecha, respectivamente. Tras un período de seguimiento de 43,5 ± 26,4 meses, ningún paciente ha presentado recurrencia de la muerte súbita ni de la conducción por la vía accesoria. El paciente 3 presentó secuelas neurológicas graves tras el paro cardíaco, que persisten en el seguimiento. Conclusiones: La ablación con catéter es el método de tratamiento de elección en niños con síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White y un episodio de muerte súbita abortado (AU)


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Adolescent , Infant , Humans , Death, Sudden, Cardiac , Catheter Ablation , Resuscitation , Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome , Follow-Up Studies
15.
An. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr) ; 54(4): 402-404, abr. 2001.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-1963

ABSTRACT

A un lactante de 36 días de vida, diagnosticado de síndrome del corazón izquierdo hipoplásico, en lista de espera de trasplante cardíaco, se le realizó auriculoseptostomía con catéter-lámina por presentar una comunicación interauricular restrictiva crítica. El defecto se amplió utilizando una lámina de 9,4mm, sin complicaciones. El gradiente hemodinámico medio, en retirada, de aurícula izquierda a aurícula derecha se redujo de 19a 2mmHg. Tras el procedimiento el paciente presentó una notable mejoría clínica, la saturación de O2 se incrementó del 68 al 88% y se ha realizado un trasplante cardíaco ortotópico 25 días más tarde (AU)


Subject(s)
Male , Infant , Humans , Heart Transplantation , Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome , Heart Atria , Heart Septum , Cardiac Surgical Procedures
16.
An Esp Pediatr ; 54(4): 353-8, 2001 Apr.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11273819

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Sudden death may be the first manifestation of the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, especially in children and adolescents. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of radiofrequency catheter ablation in children with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome with aborted sudden death. METHODS AND RESULTS: We report four patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome who survived cardiac arrest. The patients were aged from 2.5 months to 16 years. The two first patients were lactating infants; in the first sudden death occurred during digoxin treatment for supraventricular tachycardia secondary to Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and in the second the syndrome was diagnosed after an episode of sudden death. In these patients a free wall accessory pathway (left posterior and left lateral, respectively) was successfully ablated using a transseptal approach. The third patient was diagnosed with asymptomatic Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome; sudden death occurred during exercise. In the fourth patient, sudden death occurred after intravenous therapy with adenosine triphosphate and amiodarone for rapid atrial fibrillation. In both patients, one accessory pathway, located in right posteroseptal and right anterior free wall, respectively, was ablated. After a mean follow-up of 43.5 26.4 months, no recurrence of sudden death had occurred and electrocardiogram showed sinus rhythm without delta wave. The third patient presented severe sequelae of hypoxemic encephalopathy, which persisted during the follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Radiofrequency catheter ablation is the treatment of choice in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome with episodes of aborted sudden death.


Subject(s)
Catheter Ablation , Death, Sudden, Cardiac , Resuscitation , Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome/surgery , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Death, Sudden, Cardiac/etiology , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Infant , Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome/complications , Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome/physiopathology
17.
An Esp Pediatr ; 54(4): 402-4, 2001 Apr.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11273826

ABSTRACT

Blade atrial septostomy was performed in a 36 day-old infant diagnosed with hypoplastic left heart syndrome and restrictive atrial septal defect. The patient was awaiting cardiac transplantation. The defect was enlarged using a 9.4-cm blade. The mean atrial gradient was reduced from 19 to 2mmHg. After septostomy the patient showed marked clinical improvement and aortic oxygen saturation increased from 68% to 88% with no complications. Twenty-five days later orthotopic heart transplantation was successfully performed.


Subject(s)
Heart Atria/surgery , Heart Septum/surgery , Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome/surgery , Cardiac Surgical Procedures , Heart Transplantation , Humans , Infant , Male
18.
Rev Esp Cardiol ; 54(9): 1111-2, 2001 Sep.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11762292

ABSTRACT

We present a 7-month-old infant diagnosed with congenital pulmonary vein stenosis. Cardiac catheterization showed two sequential stenoses of the superior left pulmonary vein and balloon angioplasty was performed. The gradient decreased from 20 to 4 mmHg and pulmonary artery pressure from 75/35 mmHg to 44/28 mmHg. The diameter of the stenoses increased from 2 and 3.5 mm, respectively, to 6 mm. Fourteen years after the procedure the patient is asymptomatic with normal cardiac examination.


Subject(s)
Angioplasty, Balloon , Pulmonary Veins/abnormalities , Constriction, Pathologic/congenital , Constriction, Pathologic/diagnostic imaging , Constriction, Pathologic/therapy , Female , Humans , Infant , Pulmonary Veins/diagnostic imaging , Radiography , Time Factors
19.
An Esp Pediatr ; 53(2): 148-50, 2000 Aug.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11083956

ABSTRACT

We present a 20-day-old male infant with severe congestive heart failure. Echocardiography showed left ventricular hypertrophy secondary to critical aortic valve stenosis and severe coarctation of the aorta. The size of aortic annulus valve was 5.2 mm. At catheterization, the gradient of aortic valve stenosis was 104 mmHg and the gradient through aortic coarctation, measuring 14 mm in diameter, was 58 mmHg. Transverse and isthmic aorta showed moderate hypoplasia. After two dilatation procedures performed at an interval of 45 days, the pressure valve gradient decreased to 32 mmHg, that of the coarctation of the aorta decreased to 14 mmHg and the diameter increased to 5.4 mm.


Subject(s)
Aortic Coarctation/therapy , Aortic Valve Stenosis/therapy , Catheterization , Aortic Coarctation/complications , Aortic Coarctation/diagnostic imaging , Aortic Valve Stenosis/complications , Aortic Valve Stenosis/diagnostic imaging , Heart Failure/etiology , Heart Failure/therapy , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Radiography
20.
An Esp Pediatr ; 53(2): 156-8, 2000 Aug.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11083958

ABSTRACT

We present a 15-month-old infant with tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy secondary to idiopathic left ventricular tachycardia, which was incessant despite medical treatment. In the electrocardiogram, the tachycardia showed right bundle branch morphology and left superior axis deviation and was successfully ablated with the application of radiofrequency in the inferior apical septal region of the left ventricle. One week after the procedure the shortening fraction increased from 12% to 30% and at 18 months of follow-up the patient is tachycardia-free.


Subject(s)
Cardiomyopathies/therapy , Catheter Ablation/methods , Tachycardia, Ventricular/therapy , Cardiomyopathies/etiology , Electrocardiography , Humans , Infant , Male , Tachycardia, Ventricular/complications
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