ABSTRACT
A rapid and sensitive spectrophotometric method is proposed for determination of metronidazole and secnidazole. The method depends on the reduction of metronidazole and secnidazole molecule with zinc dust and hydrochloric acid flowed by diazotization and coupling with 8-quinolinol to give red colored chromogens easily measured spectrophotometrically which has lambda(max) = 500 nm. The experimental conditions were optimized and Berr's law was obeyed over the applicable concentration ranges both techniques were applied successfully to a wide variety of pharmaceutical preparations.
Subject(s)
Metronidazole/analogs & derivatives , Metronidazole/analysis , Spectrophotometry, UltravioletABSTRACT
From ether extracts of the tunicate Cynthia savignyi, collected in Morocco, a new alkaloid-cynthichlorine-has been isolated. The structure of cynthichlorine has been characterized by extensive 2D-NMR data. Cynthichlorine possesses antifungal activity against two tomato pathogenic fungi: Botrytis cinerea and Verticillium albo atrum and antibacterial activity against Agrobacterium radiobacter, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and cytotoxicity against Artemia salina larvae.
Subject(s)
Alkaloids/isolation & purification , Alkaloids/pharmacology , Chlorine Compounds/isolation & purification , Chlorine Compounds/pharmacology , Urochordata , Alkaloids/chemistry , Animals , Anti-Infective Agents/chemistry , Anti-Infective Agents/isolation & purification , Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology , Artemia/drug effects , Chlorine Compounds/chemistryABSTRACT
From a hexane extract of the tunicate Cynthia savignyi, collected in Morocco, epidioxysterol or 5,8-alpha-epidioxy-5alpha-cholest-6-en-3beta-ol has been isolated. This is the first example of epidioxysterol found in the tunicate C. savignyi. The structure of epidioxysterol has been characterised by NMR data (1H, 13C and 2D). Epidioxysterol possesses antifungal activity against three tomato pathogenic fungi: Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum and Verticillium albo atrum and antibacterial activity against Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcusfaecalis, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and cytotoxicity against Artemia salina larvae.
Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents/isolation & purification , Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology , Cholesterol Esters/isolation & purification , Cholesterol Esters/pharmacology , Urochordata/chemistry , Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Anti-Infective Agents/toxicity , Artemia , Bacteria/drug effects , Fungi/drug effects , Lethal Dose 50 , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Microbial Sensitivity TestsABSTRACT
A meroditerpenoid metabolite has been isolated from the brown alga Cystoseira tamariscifolia and characterized as methoxybifurcarenone, by spectral analysis. Methoxybifurcarenone possesses antifungal activity against three tomato pathogenic fungi: Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum sp. mycopersici and Verticillium alboatrum and antibacterial activity against Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Escherichia coli.
Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents/isolation & purification , Antifungal Agents/isolation & purification , Diterpenes/isolation & purification , Phaeophyceae/chemistry , Agrobacterium tumefaciens/drug effects , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Anti-Infective Agents/chemistry , Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology , Antifungal Agents/chemistry , Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Diterpenes/chemistry , Diterpenes/pharmacology , Escherichia coli/drug effects , Fungi/drug effects , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Microbial Sensitivity TestsABSTRACT
Extracts of the tunicate Cynthia savignyi from the Moroccan Atlantic sea have been investigated in five bioassays. The first is an antibacterial test against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Agrobacterium tumefaciens; the second is an antifungal test against three tomato pathogenic fungi, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum and Verticillium albo-atrum; the third is a test based to the ability to reduce DNA peak size in procedures using an HPLC system for detection of antitumour agents; the fourth is a toxicity test using larva of Artemia salina; and the last is an enzymatic inhibitory test against papain and trypsin. For all the bioassays, extracts of C. savignyi were found to be bioactive. This result suggests that this tunicate is able to produce biologically active agents required for an overall defence against their predators.
