EFETIVIDADE DO APLICATIVO IPELVIS® NA REABILITAÇÃO DE PACIENTES COM INCONTINÊNCIA URINÁRIA: UM ENSAIO-CLÍNICO ALEATORIZADO / EFFECTIVENESS OF THE IPELVIS® APPLICATION IN THE REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WITH URINARY INCONTINENCE: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL

Objetivo: Verificar a efetividade do aplicativo Ipelvis® na reabilitação de pacientes com incontinência urinária comparada com a fisioterapia pélvica convencional e domiciliar. Metodologia: Trata-se de um ensaio-clínico aleatorizado realizado 20 mulheres que apresentavam sintomas de incontinência urinária. Foram utilizados os instrumentos para avaliar antes e após a intervenção: The 3 Incontinence Questions, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire ­ Short Form e Qualidade de vida medida pelo King's Health Questionnaire. As participantes foram divididas aleatoriamente em grupos e receberam orientações de tratamento domiciliar por três meses, com o Grupo 1 utilizando o aplicativo como tratamento domiciliar e o Grupo 2, utilizou uma folha convencional com exercícios terapêuticos. Os dados foram analisados por meio da estatística descritiva. Resultados: Após intervenção, 85% das pacientes não apresentaram nenhum sintoma de incontinência, 10% apresentaram Incontinência urinária de esforço, 5% de Incontinência urinária de urgência e nenhuma paciente apresentou Incontinência urinária de mista, evidenciando a melhora do quadro das pacientes com incontinência urinária posteriormente à realização dos exercícios terapêuticos de assoalho pélvico em ambos os grupos. Conclusão: Os exercícios terapêuticos de assoalho pélvico foram eficazes para pacientes com incontinência urinária em ambos os grupos, mas os resultados foram mais eficazes no método de tratamento digital, por meio do aplicativo Ipelvis® quando comparado com o método tradicional por meio da folha.

Objective: To verify the effectiveness of the Ipelvis® application in the rehabilitation of patients with urinary incontinence compared to conventional and home pelvic physiotherapy. Methodology: This is a randomized clinical trial carried out with 20 women who had symptoms of urinary incontinence. The following instruments were used to assess before and after the intervention: The 3 Incontinence Questions, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire ­ Short Form and Quality of life measured by the King's Health Questionnaire. Participants were randomly divided into groups and received home treatment guidelines for three months, with Group 1 using the app as home treatment and Group 2 using a conventional sheet with therapeutic exercises. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: After the intervention, 85% of the patients had no symptoms of incontinence, 10% had stress urinary incontinence, 5% had urge urinary incontinence and no patient had mixed urinary incontinence, showing the improvement in the condition of patients with urinary incontinence. after performing therapeutic pelvic floor exercises in both groups. Conclusion: Therapeutic pelvic floor exercises were effective for patients with urinary incontinence in both groups, but the results were more effective in the digital treatment method, through the Ipelvis® application, when compared to the traditional method through the sheet.

Physiotherapy assessment for female urinary incontinence.

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: As noted in the 6th International Consultation on Incontinence (ICI) chapter "Initial Management of Urinary Incontinence in Women" recommendations call for including physiotherapy as a first-line therapy. METHODS: Building on this, checking available scientific evidence and using the International Classification of Functioning, Disabilities and Health, the following represents a holistic physiotherapist approach for initial evaluation of the health problem of urinary incontinence. RESULTS: This paper proposes a teaching module for every relevant health care professional dealing with the assessment of adult female urinary incontinence, focusing on optimal patient selection and appropriate treatment choice. CONCLUSION: The assessment stage involves the explicit decision as to whether "physiotherapy" is the treatment indicated for the patient, based on the findings of the physiotherapy assessment and supplemented by any medical information that accompanied the referral and evaluation.

IgG4-related disease of the hepatobiliary tract : 2 case reports and review of the literature.

IgG4-related disease is a rare inflammatory disorder that may mimic many infectious, malignant, and autoimmune conditions. The biliary tract is frequently involved, but hepatic lesions are rarely seen. Diagnosis is often delayed due to the absence of specific clinical and radiological signs, and the lack of an accurate diagnostic marker. Differential diagnosis includes cholangiocarcinoma, primary sclerosing cholangitis and intrinsic or metastatic liver disease. Corticosteroids are the cornerstone of therapy but treatment has not been standardized and relapse is common. Based on two cases of IgG4-related hepatobiliary disease, we review the current literature on this pathological entity.

Is urinary incontinence during and after pregnancy related to family history? A web-based survey among postpartum women (motherfit project).

PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION: The authors studied whether family history of urinary incontinence (UI) is associated with pre- and postpartum UI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 2010, Dutch postpartum women at three months were approached to fill in a Web-based questionnaire on UI and risk factors (body mass index, BMI), parity, pelvic organ prolapse, and family history. Results were analyzed with Chi-square and logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: 162 (61%) questionnaires were analyzed, 76 (47%) women reported UI before, during and/or after pregnancy, of which 34% also reported a UI family history. Sixteen (19%) out of 84 women without UI reported UI family history (p = 0.05). BMI was associated with prepartum UI (p = 0.035), but the association disappears when adding family history. Women with unknown UI family history had higher risk for postpartum U. CONCLUSION: UI family history is associated with UI during pregnancy. More awareness and research is needed whether adding family history questions on UI in prepartum consultations improves timely prevention.

How do patients with urinary incontinence perceive care given by their general practitioner? A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Urinary incontinence (UI) is a widespread problem, affecting quality of life and leading to high costs, mainly caused by incontinence pads. It seems that, despite guidelines, many UI patients get pads from their general practitioner (GP) without adequate diagnostics or treatment. OBJECTIVES: To assess what further treatment UI patients receive from their GP next to pads and to measure patient satisfaction with care. METHODS: A postal survey among UI patients who started pad use in the past 12 months. MAIN OUTCOME: Satisfaction with UI care. RESULTS: We analysed 208 questionnaires. 29.3% of pad users had no direct contact with their GP for a pad prescription. Of 147 UI patients who visited their GP 50.3% only got pads. 25% of patients was not satisfied with the information on UI received from their GP, especially younger patients, women, less healthy patients and patients with urgency UI. CONCLUSIONS: Dutch UI patients using pads experience suboptimal GP care and management. Factors identified through patient feedback should be used to improve quality of care for UI in primary care.

Can the outcome of pelvic-floor rehabilitation in patients with fecal incontinence be predicted?

PURPOSE: Pelvic-floor rehabilitation does not provide the same degree of relief in all fecal incontinent patients. We aimed at studying prospectively the ability of tests to predict the outcome of pelvic-floor rehabilitation in patients with fecal incontinence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred fifty consecutive patients (228 women) underwent medical history and a standardized series of tests, including physical examination, anal manometry, pudendal nerve latency testing, anal sensitivity testing, rectal capacity measurement, defecography, endoanal sonography, and endoanal magnetic resonance imaging. Subsequently, patients were referred for pelvic-floor rehabilitation. Outcome of pelvic-floor rehabilitation was quantified by the Vaizey incontinence score. Linear regression analyses were used to identify candidate predictors and to construct a multivariable prediction model for the posttreatment Vaizey score. RESULTS: After pelvic-floor rehabilitation, the mean baseline Vaizey score (18, SD+/-3) was reduced with 3.2 points (p<0.001). In addition to the baseline Vaizey score, three elements from medical history were significantly associated with the posttreatment Vaizey score (presence of passive incontinence, thin stool consistency, primary repair of a rupture after vaginal delivery at childbed) (R2, 0.18). The predictive value was significantly but marginally improved by adding the following test results: perineal and/or perianal scar tissue (physical examination), and maximal squeeze pressure (anal manometry; R2, 0.20; p=0.05). CONCLUSION: Additional tests have a limited role in predicting success of pelvic-floor rehabilitation in patients with fecal incontinence.

Electrical stimulation and pelvic floor muscle training with biofeedback in patients with fecal incontinence: a cohort study of 281 patients.

PURPOSE: Pelvic floor rehabilitation is an appealing treatment for patients with fecal incontinence but reported results vary. This study was designed to assess the outcome of pelvic floor rehabilitation in a large series of consecutive patients with fecal incontinence caused by different etiologies. METHODS: A total of 281 patients (252 females) were included. Data about medical history, anal manometry, rectal capacity measurement, and endoanal sonography were collected. Subgroups of patients were defined by anal sphincter complex integrity, and nature and possible underlying causes of fecal incontinence. Subsequently patients were referred for pelvic floor rehabilitation, comprising nine sessions of electric stimulation and pelvic floor muscle training with biofeedback. Pelvic floor rehabilitation outcome was documented with Vaizey score, anal manometry, and rectal capacity measurement findings. RESULTS: Vaizey score improved from baseline in 143 of 239 patients (60 percent), remained unchanged in 56 patients (23 percent), and deteriorated in 40 patients (17 percent). Mean Vaizey score reduced with 3.2 points (P < 0.001). A Vaizey score reduction of >or= 50 percent was observed in 32 patients (13 percent). Mean squeeze pressure (+5.1 mmHg; P = 0.04) and maximal tolerated volume (+11 ml; P = 0.01) improved from baseline. Resting pressure (P = 0.22), sensory threshold (P = 0.52), and urge sensation (P = 0.06) remained unchanged. Subgroup analyses did not show substantial differences in effects of pelvic floor rehabilitation between subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: Pelvic floor rehabilitation leads overall to a modest improvement in severity of fecal incontinence, squeeze pressure, and maximal tolerated volume. Only in a few patients, a substantial improvement of the baseline Vaizey score was observed. Further studies are needed to identify patients who most likely will benefit from pelvic floor rehabilitation.

[The role of the pelvic physical therapist]. / El papel del fisioterapeuta pélvico.

UNLABELLED: Pelvic physical therapy focuses on the prevention and the treatment of all kinds of functional disorders of the abdominal, pelvic and low back region, like urinary incontinence, that is considered as a high prevalent health problem in women, men, children and the elderly. Physical therapy is often considered as the first-choice treatment, due to its non-invasive character, the results in terms of symptom relief, the possibility of combining physical therapy with other treatments, the low risk of side effects and the moderate to low costs. Important restrictions for success might be motivation and perseverance of patient and therapist and the time needed for physical therapy. The armentum of the pelvic physical therapist contains interventions such as physiotherapeutic diagnostics, education and information of patients, pelvic floor muscle (PFM) training, bladder training (BlT), training with vaginal cones, electrical stimulation, biofeedback, etc. In stress incontinence, to improve the extrinsic closing mechanism of the urethra, physical therapy is aimed on strength improvement and coordination of the peri-urethral and pelvic floor muscles. Especially, PFM training is effective. For detrusor overactivity physical therapy aims to reduce or eliminate involuntary detrusor contractions through reflexinhibition. Here, electrical therapy appears to be an effective intervention. In mixed urinary incontinence the physiotherapeutic diagnostic and therapeutic process focuses on the predominant factors. Radical prostatectomy is the most important cause of incontinence in men. An adequate program of PFM training, after radical prostatectomy, decreases the duration and the extent of incontinence and improves the quality of life. CONCLUSION: physical therapy is in many cases of incontinence an effective treatment option.

El papel del fisioterapeuta pélvico / The role of the pelvic physical therapist

La fisioterapia pélvica se centra en la prevención y el tratamiento de todos los tipos de trastornos funcionales de las regiones abdominal, pélvica y lumbar como la incontinencia urinaria, que está considerada como un problema de salud de alta prevalencia en mujeres, hombres, niños y ancianos. La fisioterapia está considerada a menudo como el tratamiento de primera elección dado su carácter no invasivo y los resultados en términos de alivio de los síntomas, la posibilidad de combinar fisioterapia con otros tratamientos, el bajo riesgo de efectos secundarios y un coste entre moderado y bajo. Entre las limitaciones importantes que alcanzan el éxito están la motivación y la perseverancia tanto del paciente como del terapeuta y el tiempo que hay que emplear para llevar a cabo la fisioterapia. Los recursos del fisioterapeuta pélvico incluyen intervenciones como el diagnóstico fisioterapéutico, la educación e información de los pacientes, el entrenamiento de la musculatura del suelo pélvico (MSP), el entrenamiento de la vejiga (EV), el entrenamiento con conos vaginales, la estimulación eléctrica, la biorretroalimentación, etc. En la incontinencia de esfuerzo, para mejorar el mecanismo extrínseco de cierre de la uretra, la fisioterapia tiene como objetivo mejorar la fuerza y la coordinación de los músculos periuretrales y del suelo pélvico. El entrenamiento de la MSP resulta especialmente eficaz. En la hiperactividad del detrusor, el objetivo de la fisioterapia es reducir o eliminar las contracciones involuntarias del detrusor mediante la inhibición del reflejo. Aquí, la terapia mediante estimulación eléctrica parece ser una intervención eficaz. En la incontinencia urinaria mixta el proceso de diagnóstico y tratamiento fisioterapéutico se centra en los factores predominantes. La prostatectomía radical es la causa más importante de incontinencia en los varones. Un programa adecuado de entrenamiento de la MSP después de la prostatectomía radical disminuye la duración y la extensión de la incontinencia y mejora la calidad de vida. Conclusión: la fisioterapia es en muchos casos de incontinencia una opción de tratamiento eficaz

Pelvic physical therapy focuses on the prevention and the treatment of all kinds of functional disorders of the abdominal, pelvic and low back region, like urinary incontinence, that is considered as a high prevalent health problem in women, men, children and the elderly. Physical therapy is often considered as the first-choice treatment, due to its non-invasive character, the results in terms of symptom relief, the possibility of combining physical therapy with other treatments, the low risk of side effects and the moderate to low costs. Important restrictions for success might be motivation and perseverance of patient and therapist and the time needed for physical therapy. The armentum of the pelvic physical therapist contains interventions such as physiotherapeutic diagnostics, education and information of patients, pelvic floor muscle (PFM) training, bladder training (BlT), training with vaginal cones, electrical stimulation, biofeedback, etc. In stress incontinence, to improve the extrinsic closing mechanism of the urethra, physical therapy is aimed on strength improvement and coordination of the peri-urethral and pelvic floor muscles. Especially, PFM training is effective. For detrusor over activity physical therapy aims to reduce or eliminate involuntary detrusor contractions through reflex inhibition. Here, electrical therapy appears to be an effective intervention. In mixed urinary incontinence the physiotherapeutic diagnostic & therapeutic process focuses on the predominant factors. Radical prostatectomy is the most important cause of incontinence in men. An adequate program of PFM training, after radical prostatectomy, decreases the duration and the extent of incontinence and improves the quality of life. Conclusion: physical therapy is in many cases of incontinence an effective treatment option