Acid-base optimization during hypothermia.

Cardiac arrest (CA) often results in hemodynamic and metabolic compromise with associated poor prognosis. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) has become the standard of care for CA survivors, decreasing reperfusion injury and intercellular acid-base disturbances, with improved neurologic outcomes. These benefits are realized despite a mild acidosis that can potentially occur during TH. By contrast, the severity of acidosis after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) must be monitored carefully and managed appropriately. Bicarbonate should be used only in case of severe acidosis and as a continuous infusion. The blood gas samples are usually warmed to 37 °C before analysis; hence, it is worth noting that the blood gas values are temperature dependent. Therefore, a calculated correction for values may be necessary.

Thermal and optical activation mechanisms of nanospring-based chemiresistors.

Chemiresistors (conductometric sensor) were fabricated on the basis of novel nanomaterials--silica nanosprings ALD coated with ZnO. The effects of high temperature and UV illumination on the electronic and gas sensing properties of chemiresistors are reported. For the thermally activated chemiresistors, a discrimination mechanism was developed and an integrated sensor-array for simultaneous real-time resistance scans was built. The integrated sensor response was tested using linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The distinguished electronic signatures of various chemical vapors were obtained at ppm level. It was found that the recovery rate at high temperature drastically increases upon UV illumination. The feasibility study of the activation method by UV illumination at room temperature was conducted.

Mutations in the Drosophila mitochondrial tRNA amidotransferase, bene/gatA, cause growth defects in mitotic and endoreplicating tissues.

Rapid larval growth is essential in the development of most metazoans. In this article, we show that bene, a gene previously identified on the basis of its oogenesis defects, is also required for larval growth and viability. We show that all bene alleles disrupt gatA, which encodes the Drosophila homolog of glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) amidotransferase subunit A (GatA). bene alleles are now referred to as gatA. GatA proteins are highly conserved throughout eukaryotes and many prokaryotes. These enzymes are required for proper translation of the proteins encoded by the mitochondrial genome and by many eubacterial genomes. Mitotic and endoreplicating tissues in Drosophila gatA loss-of-function mutants grow slowly and never achieve wild-type size, and gatA larvae die before pupariation. gatA mutant eye clones exhibit growth and differentiation defects, indicating that gatA expression is required cell autonomously for normal growth. The gatA gene is widely expressed in mitotic and endoreplicating tissues.