TUMOR INFILTRATING LYMPHOCYTES PECULIARITIES IN DIFFERENT HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR SUBTYPES OF GASTRIC CARCINOMA.

Gastric carcinoma represents one of the major causes of cancer related mortality worldwide. Recently, immunotherapeutic means gave the new promise for the treatment of gastric carcinoma, although, not all patients benefit from this type of treatment. Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are considered as one of the promising prognostic and predictive biomarkers in solid tumors. However, the presence of TILs is not well characterised in different types of gastric cancer. The aim of our study was to characterise TILs profile in different histopathological and molecular subtypes of gastric carcinomas. We used standard haematoxylin and eosin staining (H&E) for evaluation of TILs and immunohistochemistry to detect molecular markers, including CDH1, Ki67, p53 and Her2. The results of our study revealed that TILs status varies significantly in different histological and molecular subtypes of gastric adenocarcinoma, which might be the reason for different prognosis in these patients. Also, high TILs status is significantly related to the presence of p53 mutations in both enteric type and diffuse type gastric carcinomas, which can be further explored for immunotherapeutic options in these patients.

THE STUDY OF THE EXPRESSION OF CDH1, KI67, P53 AND HER2 IN DIFFUSE GASTRIC CARCINOMA.

Gastric cancer represents the fifth most common malignancy and third most common cause of cancer deaths worldwide. There are two major types of gastric carcinoma: enteric type and diffuse type. Diffuse type gastric cancer is frequently associated with the mutations in E-cadherin coding gene CDH1. In cases of CDH1 mutations complete gastrectomy is indicated. CDH1 mutations are reflected with CDH1 protein loss by immunohistochemistry. The relationship between CDH1 mutations and other markers of tumour aggressiveness, such as tumour proliferation index and the presence of p53 mutations and Her2 amplification is not well studied. Therefore, the aim of our study was to analyse the correlation between CDH1 loss and the expression of Ki67 proliferation marker, mutant oncoprotein p53 and Her2. Standard immunohistochemistry was used to detect the following antigens: CDH1 (MCH-38, Invitrogen), Ki67 (EP5, Bio SB), p53 (DO-7, Leica) and Her2 (EP3, Bio SB). The study results showed that CDH1 mutations, reflected with CDH1 protein loss by immunohistochemistry are detected in 40% of diffuse gastric carcinomas, whilst it is not detected in enteric type gastric carcinomas. Diffuse gastric carcinomas with CDH1 mutations are characterised with more aggressive phenotype, particularly with the presence of higher Ki67 labelling index, p53 mutations and the presence of Her2 positivity. In cases of histological diagnosis of diffuse gastric carcinoma CDH1 testing is recommended.

[SUBTROPICAL CULTURES FRUIT BIOCHIMICAL DEFIRNITION OF ITS CONSISTENCY CONSIDERING DIFFERENT METHODS OF SELECTION].

Many plant mixtures play a key role in human health. Bioactive mixtures synthesis ability gives an unchangeable role to plants. Polyphenols included in some food products and xenogenic kinds of antioxidants play an important role to neutralize free radicals. From this point of you is very interesting a lot of subtropical cultures. By the help of this cultures methodic selection it's possible to regulate in them consistence of useful mixtures for medicine and for health. The facts given in this work represent the results of research on subtropical cultures (raw and ready materials). The ways are found to regulate bioactive mixtures consistence of researching plants. The plant is introduced as one of the strongest guaranty of preventing a lot of diseases and successful treatment as it's less characterized for medicines produced by raw materials to have side affect. It's natural that during methodological selection it's possible to achieve results with the knowledge of classical methods and producing level. To achieve the desirable result is depended on selectionist's qualification level.

[Neuroendocrine, neorophysiological and neuropsychological changes in children form the iodine deficient population with endemic goiter].

The study was performed in Chokhatauri region, on students of age 13-14 in village Meria in 36 schools. There is discovered mild iodine deficiency with median variation from 78 to 96 %. After clinical and ultrasound studies, it was identified endemic goiter (83.33%). There was performed multi-profile clinical studies on young people by neurologists, neurophysicians, endocrinologists, pediatricians. Electroencephalographic study was performed by digital equipment by visual and computer analysis of the results. There were identified brain functional changes of diffuse character in EG writings. It was identified multineurological complains, especially in children with endemic goiter. With neurophysiologist's tests was estimated neurocognistic functional studies, as in people with endemic goiter also with healthy ones. According to test scores, was estimated perception of visual-space construction, speed of intellectual task performing, quality of functional recognition. According to the results, was estimated visual space memory. The scores in children with endemic goiter was lower then in healthy children. The results are giving possibility to estimate in children with endemic goiter mild neuro-endocrinology, neuro-physiology and neuro-physiology changes coursed by iodine deficiency, before infringement in their clinical appearance. In time prevention of this infringement will give us possibility to avoid future pretended infringement in intellect development.

Therapeutic angiogenesis for patients with limb ischemia by utilization of fibrin meshwork. Pilot randomized controlled study.

AIM: The aim of this paper is to assess the feasibility and efficacy of fibrin in inducing neovascularization as an angiogenic substance and/or carrier for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with limb ischemia. METHODS: Twenty-three patients with limb ischemia and referred for below the knee amputations were randomized for treatment: group 1, 7 patients received only a saline injection; group 2, 9 received intramuscular injection of fibrin and group 3, 7 received the fibrin composition with deferoxamine and added VEGF(165). The fibrin meshwork was introduced into the popliteal area of the diseased limbs using a dual syringe system (1 contained thrombin solution [1 mg, 5000 U] and 1 contained fibrinogen [1 mg, Baxter Hyland Immuno] solution). In group 3, Deferoxamine (100 microg) and 500 microg of VEGF(165) were added to the fibrinogen solution. RESULTS: In the control group 5 patients had undergone below the knee amputation at the 3-6 month follow-up. Only 1 patient from Group 2 had below the knee amputation 5 months following Fibrin only administration. Clinical improvement was noted in all 8 patients following fibrin administration and in all 7 patients injected with the fibrin meshwork, deferoxamine and VEGF combination. CONCLUSION: IM injection of fibrin is safe and appears to be an efficient method to treat limb ischemia. These findings indicate that use of fibrin may be a novel and simple method for inducing therapeutic angiogenesis.