ABSTRACT
Presence of antibodies to RV 3 and RV 5 was tested by HIT and NT in 60 human sera. Antibodies to RV 3 were detected in 23 sera by HIT in a titre range of 1:4--1:64 and in 19 sera by NT in a titre range of 1:4--1:256. Antibodies to RV 5 were detected in 31 sera by HIT in titres of 1:4--1:268 and 27 sera by NT in the same titre range. In a group of 22 persons with unequivocal serum antibodies nasal secretory antibodies were found in 11 subjects in titres of 1:4--1:32. In a group of 16 persons without detectable serum antibodies, presence of secretory antibodies (titre 1:4) was only found in four cases.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Viral/analysis , Rhinovirus/immunology , Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests , Humans , Nasal Mucosa/metabolism , Neutralization TestsABSTRACT
Virological, serological and immunofluorescence studies revealed circulation of rhinoviruses of the strains 1A, 1B, 2, 3, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 16-23, 27, 29-33, 42, 48, 53, 56, 60 and 69 on the territory of Czechoslovakia and the Soviet Union. According to virological results, type 48 predominated and was followed in frequency of occurrence by types 27, 14 and 16 in the USSR and 30, 1A and 31 in the CSSR. RV infection in adults with ARD diseases was the aetiology in 28.5% of cases. Among the causative agents of acute rhinitis, rhinosinusitis and otitis, rhinovirus infection makes up a large proportion. Interrelation has been found between rhinovirus infection and chronic inflammation of the mucosa of the nose, the accessory sinuses and the ears. Prolonged course of rhinovirus infection and isolation of the virus in the late stages of disease (1-4 months after its onset) support the presumption that rhinoviruses promote chronicity of inflammation. RV was isolated from patients with chronic pneumonia from the lower respiratory passages (bronchial secretion). Rhinoviraemia was found in a child who died of ARD.
Subject(s)
Picornaviridae Infections/epidemiology , Rhinovirus/isolation & purification , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Antibodies, Viral/analysis , Child , Child, Preschool , Czechoslovakia , Humans , Infant , Middle Aged , Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases/etiology , Picornaviridae Infections/immunology , Pneumonia, Viral/etiology , Respiratory Tract Infections/etiology , Rhinovirus/classification , Rhinovirus/immunology , Serotyping , USSRABSTRACT
In 7 adults and 7 children with upper respiratory illness of parainfluenza aetiology, the virus was isolated in the acute phase from nasal washings or nasal smears in spite of high titres of haemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibodies in serum. By contrast, secretory HI antibodies were not demonstrated at the onset of illness in any of the patients, but their formation started early and the antibodies reached maximal levels about 10 days after onset of illness. The individual patients showed considerable differences in the dynamics of secretory antibody formation and especially in their persistence. In some of the patients, secretory antibodies were demonstrated as late as 12 months after the illness.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Viral/biosynthesis , Mucus/immunology , Nasal Mucosa/metabolism , Paramyxoviridae Infections/immunology , Respiratory Tract Infections/immunology , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests , Humans , Immunoglobulins/biosynthesis , Infant , Male , Nasal Mucosa/microbiology , Respirovirus/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
Nasal washings (NW) from 16 influenza patients in the course of an epidemic in November and December, 1974 were examined for the presence of influenza virus, immunoglobulins (Ig) and titres of haemagglutination inhibiting (HI) and neuraminidase inhibiting (NI) antibodies. Influenza virus identical with A/Port Chalmers/1/73 (H3N2), increased levels of IgA and occasionally IgG, and specific antibodies were detected in the NW. The dynamics of HI and NI antibody formation did not differ substantially, but there were individual differences in titres and persistence of antibodies. Convalescent sera always contained increased levels of HI and NI antibodies. In some cases, the titres of antibody to viral ribonucleoprotein did not increase.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Viral/analysis , Hemagglutinins, Viral , Immunoglobulins/analysis , Influenza, Human/immunology , Nasal Mucosa/metabolism , Neuraminidase/immunology , Orthomyxoviridae/immunology , Adolescent , Adult , Antibody Formation , Czechoslovakia , Disease Outbreaks , Female , Humans , Immunoglobulin A/analysis , Immunoglobulin G/analysis , MaleABSTRACT
Since 1969, the incidence of acute respiratory diseases (ARD) in the Czech Socialist Republic of Czechoslovakia has been monitored by a special programme based on reports from 85 district epidemiological centres. In this paper, the incidence of ARD in three age groups, together with the incidence of complications and death rates, are presented for each season during the period 1969-1974. The significance of epidemiological observations and laboratory investigations relating to influenza and other ARD agents, such as parainfluenza viruses, adenoviruses, rhinoviruses, RS virus, coronaviruses, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is discussed.
