ABSTRACT
Three nitrogen mustard-sensitive lines of Chinese hamster ovary cells were isolated from mutagenized cultures using the procedure of Thompson et al. (1980). The lines, designated NM1, NM2 and NM3, were 2.1-, 17- and 6.8-fold more sensitive to nitrogen mustard, respectively, than their parent, wild-type, line as determined by the dose required to kill 90% of the cells, IC90. Patterns of cross-sensitivity to other DNA-damaging agents including ultraviolet light, cis-diamminedichloroplatinum, and other alkylating agents were determined for each line. Analysis of these results suggests that the phenotypes of the mutant lines are different from those lines reported previously.
Subject(s)
Cells, Cultured , DNA/drug effects , Mechlorethamine/pharmacology , Mutation , Aminacrine/analogs & derivatives , Aminacrine/pharmacology , Animals , Cisplatin/pharmacology , Cricetinae , Cross Reactions , DNA/radiation effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Female , Gamma Rays/adverse effects , In Vitro Techniques , Melphalan/pharmacology , Mitomycin , Mitomycins/pharmacology , Mutagens/pharmacology , Nitrogen Mustard Compounds/pharmacologyABSTRACT
The use of coal as a fuel in utility and other industries in the United States is increasing. Typically, these utilities store their coal outdoors in large piles, and rainfall on the piles produces a runoff containing hazardous inorganic and organic materials. Four coals of varying sulfur contents, all used for fuel in the United States, were tested. Organic materials were extracted from simulated runoffs of model coal piles and were tested for mutagenicity with a Salmonella/microsomal assay and for clastogenicity and cytotoxicity in Chinese hamster ovary cells. The extracts of the high-sulfur coals and the lignite were more mutagenic and clastogenic than extracts from the low-sulfur coal.
