ABSTRACT
The upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider spare beam dumps (Target Dump External, TDE) and the autopsy of the old operational TDE required to perform several activities in a high-radiation environment posing significant radiation protection challenges due to the residual activation of the equipment. To ensure high safety standards and to respect the ALARA principle, these challenges were addressed using the advanced Monte Carlo techniques to predict the residual ambient dose equivalent rate and the radionuclide inventory at different steps of the interventions. The CERN HSE-RP group makes extensive use of the FLUKA and ActiWiz codes to produce accurate estimates. This work aims to provide an overview of the radiation protection studies to optimise the interventions (ALARA) and to reduce the radiological risk for personnel and environment.
Subject(s)
Radiation Protection , Radiology , Autopsy , Monte Carlo MethodABSTRACT
The CERN-MEDICIS (MEDical Isotopes Collected from ISolde) facility has delivered its first radioactive ion beam at CERN (Switzerland) in December 2017 to support the research and development in nuclear medicine using non-conventional radionuclides. Since then, fourteen institutes, including CERN, have joined the collaboration to drive the scientific program of this unique installation and evaluate the needs of the community to improve the research in imaging, diagnostics, radiation therapy and personalized medicine. The facility has been built as an extension of the ISOLDE (Isotope Separator On Line DEvice) facility at CERN. Handling of open radioisotope sources is made possible thanks to its Radiological Controlled Area and laboratory. Targets are being irradiated by the 1.4 GeV proton beam delivered by the CERN Proton Synchrotron Booster (PSB) on a station placed between the High Resolution Separator (HRS) ISOLDE target station and its beam dump. Irradiated target materials are also received from external institutes to undergo mass separation at CERN-MEDICIS. All targets are handled via a remote handling system and exploited on a dedicated isotope separator beamline. To allow for the release and collection of a specific radionuclide of medical interest, each target is heated to temperatures of up to 2,300°C. The created ions are extracted and accelerated to an energy up to 60 kV, and the beam steered through an off-line sector field magnet mass separator. This is followed by the extraction of the radionuclide of interest through mass separation and its subsequent implantation into a collection foil. In addition, the MELISSA (MEDICIS Laser Ion Source Setup At CERN) laser laboratory, in service since April 2019, helps to increase the separation efficiency and the selectivity. After collection, the implanted radionuclides are dispatched to the biomedical research centers, participating in the CERN-MEDICIS collaboration, for Research & Development in imaging or treatment. Since its commissioning, the CERN-MEDICIS facility has provided its partner institutes with non-conventional medical radionuclides such as Tb-149, Tb-152, Tb-155, Sm-153, Tm-165, Tm-167, Er-169, Yb-175, and Ac-225 with a high specific activity. This article provides a review of the achievements and milestones of CERN-MEDICIS since it has produced its first radioactive isotope in December 2017, with a special focus on its most recent operation in 2020.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To correlate speech rate and speech disruptions in individuals who clutter, and to compare with individuals who do not clutter. METHODS: Participants were 14 individuals with ages between 8 and 40 years and 11 months, of both genders, divided into two groups paired by age and gender. GI was composed by seven individuals who clutter, and GII by seven individuals who do not clutter. The Speech Fluency Assessment Protocol was used to gather and analyze the speech samples, considering the frequency of speech disruptions and the speech rate. RESULTS: Data indicated that the greater the rate of syllables and words per minute, the greater the number of speech disruptions, both for individuals who do and do not clutter. In the comparison between groups, there was correlation both for syllables and words per minute only in the group of individuals who not clutter. CONCLUSION: The individuals who clutter in this study presented a higher speech rate and frequency of common disfluencies. In both analyzed groups there was a tendency to greater frequency of common disfluencies as speech rate increased. However, in the comparative analysis between individuals who do and do not clutter, the correlation was significant only in the group of individuals who do not clutter.
Subject(s)
Speech/physiology , Stuttering/physiopathology , Adolescent , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Speech Intelligibility , Speech Production Measurement , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Correlacionar a taxa de elocução com as rupturas da fluência em pessoas com taquifemia e comparar com pessoas sem taquifemia. MÉTODOS: Participaram dessa investigação 14 indivíduos na faixa etária de 8 a 40 anos e 11 meses de idade, de ambos os gêneros, divididos em dois grupos pareados por idade e gênero. O GI foi composto por sete pessoas com taquifemia e o GII por sete pessoas sem taquifemia. Um protocolo de avaliação da fluência da fala foi utilizado para obter e analisar a amostra de fala, que considera a frequência das disfluências e a taxa de elocução. RESULTADOS: Os dados indicaram que quanto maiores os fluxos de sílabas e de palavras por minuto, maior o número de rupturas na fala, tanto nas pessoas com taquifemia como nas pessoas sem taquifemia. Quanto à comparação entre os grupos, houve correlação tanto para sílabas por minuto como para palavras por minuto apenas no grupo de pessoas sem taquifemia. CONCLUSÃO: O grupo de taquifêmicos apresentou aumento na taxa de elocução e disfluências comuns excessivas. Nos dois grupos analisados ocorreu uma tendência em se obter maiores valores de disfluências comuns à medida que a taxa de elocução aumentava. Porém, na análise comparativa entre o grupo de pessoas com e sem taquifemia, a correlação foi significativa apenas no grupo de pessoas sem taquifemia.
PURPOSE: To correlate speech rate and speech disruptions in individuals who clutter, and to compare with individuals who do not clutter. METHODS: Participants were 14 individuals with ages between 8 and 40 years and 11 months, of both genders, divided into two groups paired by age and gender. GI was composed by seven individuals who clutter, and GII by seven individuals who do not clutter. The Speech Fluency Assessment Protocol was used to gather and analyze the speech samples, considering the frequency of speech disruptions and the speech rate. RESULTS: Data indicated that the greater the rate of syllables and words per minute, the greater the number of speech disruptions, both for individuals who do and do not clutter. In the comparison between groups, there was correlation both for syllables and words per minute only in the group of individuals who not clutter. CONCLUSION: The individuals who clutter in this study presented a higher speech rate and frequency of common disfluencies. In both analyzed groups there was a tendency to greater frequency of common disfluencies as speech rate increased. However, in the comparative analysis between individuals who do and do not clutter, the correlation was significant only in the group of individuals who do not clutter.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Speech/physiology , Stuttering/physiopathology , Case-Control Studies , Speech Intelligibility , Speech Production MeasurementABSTRACT
O câncer de colo uterino se apresenta como a segunda neoplasia maligna mais comum entre as mulheres no mundo. Seu tratamento consiste principalmente por histerectomia radical e dissecção dos linfonodos pélvicos, associada à quimioterapia e radioterapia nos estágios mais avançados da doença. Em consequência deste tratamento, podem aparecer as disfunções dos músculos do assoalho pélvico, principalmente por lesão nervosa. Contudo, objetivou-se, nesta revisão, identificar as disfunções do assoalho pélvico após o tratamento do câncer de colo uterino. Realizou-se revisão bibliográfica de estudos publicados de 2000 a 2010 nas bases de dados Medline, PubMed, PEDro, SciELO e Lilacs. Observou-se que sintomas urinários, intestinais e sexuais estão presentes após o tratamento do câncer de colo uterino. Dentre os sintomas urinários, estão presentes a incontinência urinária de esforço, a incontinência urinária mista, sintomas relacionados à hiperatividade da bexiga, ocorrendo a urgeincontinência, o aumento da frequência urinária, a noctúria e a urgência miccional. No que tange aos sintomas sexuais, pode-se observar que dispareunia, vaginismo, diminuição e/ou falta da lubrificação vaginal, excitação e orgasmo também ocorrem após o tratamento do câncer de colo uterino. Como sintomas intestinais, ocorreram a diarreia, a constipação e a incontinência anal. A fisioterapia sabidamente trata essas disfunções, fora do contexto do câncer de colo uterino, com elevadas taxas de sucesso e, por isso, o fisioterapeuta poderia auxiliar na reabilitação após o tratamento do câncer de colo uterino, se fosse inserido na equipe. Assim, torna-se cada vez mais importante a inclusão deste profissional nas equipes multidisciplinares
The cervical cancer appears as the second most common neoplasm malignancy among women worldwide. Its treatment consists mainly on radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection, associated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy in advanced stages of the disease. As a result of this treatment, dysfunctions of the pelvic floor muscles, mainly for nerve injury, may appear. However, the purpose was to identify the pelvic floor dysfunctions after treatment of cervical cancer. We conducted a literature review of studies published from 2000 to 2010 in Medline, PubMed, PEDro, SciELO, and Lilacs. It was observed that urinary, bowel, and sexual symptoms are present after treatment of the cervical cancer. Among the urinary symptoms, the following are present: stress urinary incontinence, mixed urinary incontinence, symptoms of overactive bladder, urge-incontinence, increased urinary frequency, nocturia, and urgency. With respect to sexual symptoms, dyspareunia, vaginismus, reduced and/or lack of vaginal lubrication, arousal and orgasm also occur after treatment of cervical cancer. As intestinal symptoms, there were diarrhea, constipation, and anal incontinence. Physical therapy successfully treats these disorders, outside the context of the cervical cancer, with high success rates, and, therefore, the therapist could help in the rehabilitation after treatment of the cervical cancer, if he/she was inserted in the team. Thus, it becomes increasingly important to include this professional in multidisciplinary teams
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/etiology , Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/rehabilitation , Pelvic Floor Disorders/etiology , Pelvic Floor Disorders/rehabilitation , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/complications , Physical Therapy Modalities , Pelvic Organ Prolapse/etiology , Pelvic Organ Prolapse/rehabilitation , Exercise Therapy/methods , Pelvic Floor/physiopathology , Fecal Incontinence/etiology , Urinary Incontinence/etiologyABSTRACT
TEMA: fluência na taquifemia. OBJETIVO: caracterizar e comparar a fluência de indivíduos com taquifemia com indivíduos fluentes. MÉTODOS: participaram dessa investigação 14 indivíduos na faixa etária de 8.0 a 40.11 anos de idade, de ambos os gêneros divididos em dois grupos, pareados por idade e gênero. GI foi composto por 7 indivíduos com taquifemia e GII por 7 indivíduos controles. Um protocolo de avaliação da fluência da fala foi utilizado para obter e analisar a amostra de fala, que considera a tipologia, a freqüência das disfluências e a velocidade de fala. RESULTADOS: os dados indicaram que os grupos se diferenciaram em relação às disfluências comuns e gagas, número de sílabas e de palavras por minuto. CONCLUSÃO: o perfil da fluência de indivíduos com taquifemia é muito distinto do perfil de falantes fluentes.
BACKGROUND: speech fluency in cluttering. AIM: to characterize and to compare the speech fluency in cluttering and fluent individuals. METHOD: participants of this investigation were 14 individuals with ages between 8.0 and 40.11 years, of both genders, divided into two groups, paired by age and gender. GI was composed by 7 cluttering individuals and GII by 7 fluent individuals. The Speech Fluency Assessment Protocol was used to gather and to analyze the speech samples, taking into consideration the typology and frequency of speech disruption (SLD and OD) and speech rate, in words and syllables per minute. RESULTS: data showed that the groups differed regarding the occurrence of the stuttering-like disfluencies and other disfluencies, number of words and syllables per minute. CONCLUSION: cluttering individuals present a different fluency profile when compared to their fluent pairs.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Speech Production Measurement , Speech Disorders/physiopathology , Speech/physiology , Statistics, Nonparametric , Time Factors , Verbal BehaviorABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Speech fluency in cluttering. AIM: To characterize and to compare the speech fluency in cluttering and fluent individuals. METHOD: Participants of this investigation were 14 individuals with ages between 8.0 and 40.11 years, of both genders, divided into two groups, paired by age and gender. GI was composed by 7 cluttering individuals and GII by 7 fluent individuals. The Speech Fluency Assessment Protocol was used to gather and to analyze the speech samples, taking into consideration the typology and frequency of speech disruption (SLD and OD) and speech rate, in words and syllables per minute. RESULTS: Data showed that the groups differed regarding the occurrence of the stuttering-like disfluencies and other disfluencies, number of words and syllables per minute. CONCLUSION: Cluttering individuals present a different fluency profile when compared to their fluent pairs.
Subject(s)
Speech Disorders/physiopathology , Speech Production Measurement , Speech/physiology , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Statistics, Nonparametric , Time Factors , Verbal Behavior , Young AdultABSTRACT
Devido ao número crescente de usuários da Internet e á quantidade enorme de propagandas de produtos para perda de peso, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o cumprimento das normas legais das propagandas de alimentos para controle de peso na Internet. Esta pesquisa utilizou durante a análise de dados as Legislações Vigentes referentes a Alimentos para Controle de Peso, Portaria n. 30, de 13 de janeiro de 1998 e Resolução RDC n.259, de 20 de setembro de 2002, sobre rotulagem de alimentos industrializados. Os resultados revelaram que, dos 14 produtos para perda de peso analisados, dois ou mais apresentaram algum tipo de irregularidade. Quanto à Resolução 259/2002, 28,56 por cento dos produtos não atendiam a legislação em pelo menos um dos itens e 100 por cento em relação à Portaria 30/98. As irregularidades foram: em relação à designação do alimento, informações obrigatórias, uso de ilustrações e expressões proibidas. É necessário que o poder público exerça um melhor controle possível sobre a indústria alimentícia, estabelecendo um código de ética que regulamente todo tipo de propaganda de produtos alimentício nos diversos meios de comunicação, principalmente os de massa.
