ABSTRACT
Excitation of single guided modes in a multimode graded-index optical fiber has been demonstrated. A side launch technique is employed which permits external selection of input conditions to match the axial and tangential wavenumber components of individual modes. Good agreement is obtained between observed mode order numbers and order numbers calculated from input parameters.
ABSTRACT
We summarize a large number of ultraprecise thermal expansion measurements made on seven different low expansivity materials. Expansion coefficients in the -150-300 degrees C temperature range are shown for Owens-Illinois Cer-Vit C-101, Corning ULE 7971 (titanium silicate) and fused silica 7940, Heraeus-Schott Zerodur low-expansion material and Homosil fused silica, Universal Cyclops Invar LR-35, and Simonds Saw and Steel Super Invar.
ABSTRACT
A novel method for determining thermal expansion coefficients has been devised. It is based on the dependence of Fabry-Perot resonances on the mirror separation. The expansion sample is formed into an etalon spacer, with highly reflecting endplates optically contacted to each end. The Fabry-Perot resonances are probed by variable radiofrequency sidebands derived from a frequency stabilized 633-nm He-Ne laser. A change in sample temperature DeltaT causes a change in interferometer length DeltaL, which shifts the resonance frequencies by Deltanu. Then alpha = (1/DeltaT)(DeltaL/L) = (1/DeltaT)(Deltanu/nu). alpha can be measured with precision limited ultimately by the stability of the stabilized laser (1:10(9) with presently available commercial lasers). alpha vs temperature has been measured for samples of Owens-Illinois Cer-Vit, Corning ULE silica, and Schott low expansion glass-ceramic.
