ABSTRACT
A projeção da pré-maxila na fissura pré-forame bilateral completa é uma característica presente já ao nascimento. O processo reabilitador precoce iniciado pela cirurgia primária para a reconstituição da cinta labial busca o restabelecimento estético e funcional do estigma facial, assim como o recrudescimento do prognatismo pré-maxilar, proporcionado pela normatização da musculatura labial. O reposicionamento ortopédico-muscular da pré-maxila deve se consolidar ao final da dentição mista por meio do enxerto ósseo alveolar secundário, etapa cirúrgica que trará de volta a unidade maxilar perdida ao longo da formação da face no período embrionário gestacional. A falta dessa etapa no protocolo de reabilitação reafirma o hiato juncional entre os palatos primário e secundário, os quais passam a se comportar como entidades esqueléticas díspares e de crescimento dissonante, que acabam por consolidar o prognatismo pré-maxilar ao longo do desenvolvimento puberal. O presente artigo relata por meio de um caso clínico, o tratamento de uma paciente do sexo feminino, aos 19 anos de idade, com fissura pré-forame bilateral completa que foi submetida ao tratamento tardio de reposicionamento da pré-maxila. Nessas condições, o tratamento orto-cirúrgico para o reposicionamento da pré-maxila, associado ao enxerto ósseo alveolar terciário ao término do crescimento craniofacial, pode ser considerado uma opção de tratamento para o restabelecimento morfológico dessa condição.
PPremaxillary projection on bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) is an attribute already present on birth. The early rehabilitation process usually starts with primary lip surgery that aims to improve aesthetic and functional of facial stigma, as well as the premaxillary setback, provided by normalization of labial musculature. The repositioning of premaxilla should be consolidated at the end of mixed dentition by means of secondary alveolar graft, a surgery procedure that reestablishes the maxillary unit lost along embrionary face development. The lack on this surgical step consolidates the gap between primary and secondary palates. In this situation, they behave as distinct and dissonant growing skeletal unities, leading to consolidation of premaxillary prognatism. Under such conditions premaxillary repositioning surgery associated with alveolar bone graft after complete craniofacial growth seems to be a viable alternative for the reestablishment of premaxilla in BCLP patients.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Young Adult , Cleft Palate , Orthodontics, Corrective , Orthognathic SurgeryABSTRACT
The objective of the current study was to analyze the effects of rhinoseptoplasty on internal nasal dimensions and speech resonance of individuals with unilateral cleft lip and palate, estimated by acoustic rhinometry and nasometry, respectively. Twenty-one individuals (aged 15-46 years) with previously repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate were analyzed before (PRE), and 6 to 9 (POST1) and 12 to 18 months (POST2) after surgery. Acoustic rhinometry was used to measure the cross-sectional areas (CSAs) of segments corresponding to the nasal valve (CSA1), anterior portion (CSA2), and posterior portion (CSA3) of the lower turbinate, and the volumes at the nasal valve (V1) and turbinate (V2) regions at cleft and noncleft sides, before and after nasal decongestion with a topical vasoconstrictor. Nasometry was used to evaluate speech nasalance during the reading of a set of sentences containing nasal sounds and other devoid of nasal sounds. At the cleft side, before nasal decongestion, there was a significant increase (P < 0.05) in mean CSA1 and V1 values at POST1 and POST2 compared with PRE. After decongestion, increased values were also observed for CSA2 and V2 at POST2. No significant changes were observed at the noncleft side. Mean nasalance values at PRE, POST1, and POST2 were not different from each other in both oral and nasal sentences. The measurement of CSAs and volumes by acoustic rhinometry revealed that rhinoseptoplasty provided, in most cases analyzed, a significant increase in nasal patency, without concomitant changes in speech resonance, as estimated by nasalance assessment.
