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1.
Cad Saude Publica ; 22(11): 2433-40, 2006 Nov.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17091180

ABSTRACT

Cross-sectional surveys were performed in 1993 and 2000 on Japanese-Brazilians (n = 328) of both sexes, aged 40 to 79 years in 1993, living in Bauru, São Paulo State. Both surveys examined food intake using food frequency questionnaires. Dietary intake in both surveys was compared to Wilcoxon tests according to gender (p < 0.05). Calories from dietary fat increased by 16% in both genders (mean values in 2000: 31.5% for women and 30.8% for men). When the surveys were compared, the main dietary changes were: (a) a 40% increase in oleic and linoleic acids and calories from fat and (b) a 20% reduction in dietary cholesterol in both sexes. Among women, an increase in total calorie intake with reduced consumption of vegetables and calories from sweets were observed. Despite increased intake of total dietary fat, there was a decrease in cholesterol intake and an increase in oleic and linoleic acids, fruit, and calcium. However, calcium and vegetable consumption is still short of international recommendations.


Subject(s)
Diet Surveys , Diet/statistics & numerical data , Dietary Fats , Feeding Behavior , Adult , Aged , Anthropometry , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Japan/ethnology , Male , Middle Aged , Sex Distribution , Socioeconomic Factors , Statistics, Nonparametric , Surveys and Questionnaires
2.
Cad. saúde pública ; 22(11): 2433-2440, nov. 2006. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-435836

ABSTRACT

Foram estudados 328 nipo-brasileiros, ambos os sexos e faixa etária de 40 a 79 anos em 1993, participantes de dois inquéritos de saúde e nutrição realizados em 1993 e 2000. A avaliação da dieta foi realizada por questionários quantitativos de freqüência. A análise das alterações da dieta entre 1993 e 2000, segundo sexo, utilizou o teste de Wilcoxon para amostras dependentes (p < 0,05). Em ambos os sexos, quando comparadas diferenças de consumo alimentar nos dois inquéritos, houve aumento da contribuição do consumo de gorduras para as calorias totais em 16 por cento (valores médios em 2000: 31,5 por cento para mulheres e 30,8 por cento para homens). Houve aumento de 40 por cento no consumo de ácidos graxos oléico e linoléico, com redução de 20 por cento no colesterol. Entre as mulheres, observou-se aumento nas calorias totais, redução no consumo de vegetais e percentual calórico dos doces. Apesar do aumento do consumo de gordura total da dieta, houve redução no teor de colesterol e aumento no consumo de ácidos graxos linoléico e oléico, frutas e cálcio. Ainda assim, os níveis de ingestão de cálcio e vegetais foram abaixo das recomendações internacionais.


Cross-sectional surveys were performed in 1993 and 2000 on Japanese-Brazilians (n = 328) of both sexes, aged 40 to 79 years in 1993, living in Bauru, São Paulo State. Both surveys examined food intake using food frequency questionnaires. Dietary intake in both surveys was compared to Wilcoxon tests according to gender (p < 0.05). Calories from dietary fat increased by 16 percent in both genders (mean values in 2000: 31.5 percent for women and 30.8 percent for men). When the surveys were compared, the main dietary changes were: (a) a 40 percent increase in oleic and linoleic acids and calories from fat and (b) a 20 percent reduction in dietary cholesterol in both sexes. Among women, an increase in total calorie intake with reduced consumption of vegetables and calories from sweets were observed. Despite increased intake of total dietary fat, there was a decrease in cholesterol intake and an increase in oleic and linoleic acids, fruit, and calcium. However, calcium and vegetable consumption is still short of international recommendations.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Energy Intake , Eating , Black People/statistics & numerical data , Feeding Behavior , Dietary Fats , Nutrition Surveys , Alcoholism , Anthropometry , Body Mass Index , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diabetes Mellitus , Educational Status , Hyperlipidemias , Obesity , Surveys and Questionnaires , Tobacco Use Disorder
3.
Cad Saude Publica ; 22(2): 357-64, 2006 Feb.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16501748

ABSTRACT

This study describes the contribution of changes in trans fatty acid intake in relation to serum lipoproteins. A total of 328 Japanese-Brazilians of the first (Issei) and second (Nisei) generations, aged 40-79 years in 1993, were assessed in two cross-sectional surveys on health and nutritional status in 1993 and 2000. Multiple linear regression models were used with changes (2000/ 1993) in serum lipoproteins as the dependent variable and changes in dietary trans fatty acids (adjusted for total calories) as independent variable. In both genders a significant reduction was observed in total intake of trans fatty acids with lower LDL and increased HDL serum levels during 7-year follow-up. The mean intakes of trans fatty acids (% of total energy) in 1993 and 2000 were: 5.1% and 3.4% for women and 4.7% and 3.3% for men, respectively. Although the association between changes in dietary trans fatty acids and serum lipoprotein was not statistically significant, on average the intake of this trans fat was higher than the WHO recommendation (up to 1% of total energy).


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology , Dietary Fats/administration & dosage , Feeding Behavior , Lipids/blood , Trans Fatty Acids/administration & dosage , Adult , Aged , Brazil/epidemiology , Cholesterol, HDL/blood , Cholesterol, LDL/blood , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dyslipidemias/epidemiology , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Japan/ethnology , Male , Middle Aged , Sex Distribution
4.
Cad. saúde pública ; 22(2): 357-364, fev. 2006. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-421414

ABSTRACT

A influência da alteracão do consumo de ácidos graxos trans nos níveis de lipídios séricos foi avaliada em 328 nipo-brasileiros de primeira (issei) e segunda geracão (nisei), entre 40 e 79 anos, em 1993, participantes de dois inquéritos de saúde e nutricão realizados em 1993 e 2000. A relacão entre a diferenca do consumo de ácidos graxos trans e a diferenca entre os níveis de lipídios séricos entre os dois inquéritos foi analisada em modelos de regressão linear múltiplos. Em ambos os gêneros, observou-se reducão estatisticamente significante no consumo total de gordura trans, acompanhado de reducão dos níveis séricos de LDL colesterol e aumento do HDL colesterol em sete anos de seguimento. Os valores médios de ingestão de gordura trans (percentual das calorias totais) em 1993 e 2000 foram: 5,1 por cento e 3,4 por cento para mulheres e 4,7 por cento e 3,3 por cento para homens, respectivamente. Apesar da ausência de associacão entre as alteracões do consumo de ácidos graxos trans e alteracões no perfil de lipídios séricos, o nível de ingestão de gordura trans foi acima do recomendado pela OMS (até 1 por cento das calorias totais).


Subject(s)
Eating , Lipids , Nutrition Surveys , Trans Fatty Acids
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