[Echinococcosis in Bosnia and Herzegovina]. / Ehinokokoza u Bosni i Hercegovini.

Echinococcosis is zoonosis transmitted by dogs in livestock-raising areas and accidentally affects man. Disease is endemic in certain parts of the world, including our country particularly region of Herzegovina. The most frequent site of hydatid cysts in the liver (78 %), followed by the lungs (17 %), and less frequently, the spleen, kidneys, heart, bones, central nervous system, and elsewhere. The diagnosis is based on clinical features, imaging examinations and serology. In the treatment of hydatidosis, three options are available: surgery, medical treatment by benzimidazole carbamates and percutaneous drainage. Drug therapy has scolicidal activity bat are clinically effective in less than 30 % of patients with hepatic hydatidosis. Surgery is no longer the treatment of first choice for hydatidosis located in abdomen. Percutaneous drainage associated with albendazole therapy is safe and efficient treatment for hydatid cysts in abdomen and retroperitoneal space. Surgery should be reserved for patient with hydatid cysts where PAIR with albendazole therapy can not be performed. Moreover, a multidisciplinary approach is advisable to assure a better clinical management to patients with cystic echinococcosis and eradication of hydatidosis. The socio-economic impact of cystic echinococcosis is reviewed with special reference to the following topics: consequences in man and livestock, costs and benefits of control programmes and economic procedures for evaluating control programmes. The durability of control programs is the corner stone for obtaining a significant decrease of hydatid infection. Many consequences in man and livestock are difficult to evaluate from an economic point of view, because some basic data are difficult to obtain in our country. Health education represents essential elements in the control and eradication campaigns of echinococcosis/hydatidosis.

[Intersectoral and interdisciplinary contributions in resolving health care needs of the population ]. / Intersektorijalna i interdisciplinarna saradnja u rjesavanju zdravstvenih potreba stanovnistva.

Accomplishment of health needs of the pollution is challenge for all society sectors as also whole community. For complete health and wellbeing is needed to provide health and safe physical environment, appropriate social and economy conditions and health care, with multi-sectorial collaboration among health and other society sectors. Biological basis as a component which is difficult to be influenced, means significant part of morbidity and mortality, but some others components such as social, economy and physical means factors on which is possible to influence with multi-sectorial approach based on multi-disciplinary and intersectorial collaboration. Future health sector guided through health promotion and management should be guarantee to achieve better outcomes.

[Trends in diet and nutritional status in elementary school children in the Tuzla Canton]. / Trendovi u ishrani i nutritivni status osnovnoskolske omladine na podrucju Tuzlanskog kantona.

Harmonious physical and mental development of children and youngsters depend on the proper diet as one of the basic conditions of growth and development. Feeding to a great extent effects children's health and their future working capability. Feeding process can be perceived through nutritive status whose most valuable and accessive data are on body mass, height and thickness of skin wrinkles. On the basis of BMI, i.e. its centile values, critical values of overweight and obesity can be easily determined. The research aim was to see nutritional status and habits in the secondary school children in Tuzla Canton, then to analyze anthropometric parameters (body weight, body height); to determine BMI values, to standardize curves, to establish obesity frequency in children. The research was performed on the sample of 1544 children both sexes, in the first, third and seventh class involving four Tuzla-Canton municipalities: Tuzla, Lukavac, Gracanica and Kladanj. The research was performed by a questionnaire and anthropometric measurements in respect to IBP (International Biological Programme). Presence of brown bread in the primary school pupils' food is insufficient (5.8-10.7%). They consume fruit and vegetables mostly two times a day, milk is not consumed by 7.5-12.3% of boys and 8.4-28.4% of girls. As for meat, chicken is mostly consumed, fish a little and insufficient. Period between the third and seventh class is characterized by expressive increase in height and weight, what is the outcome of the adolescent jump. BMI value increases with age and exceeds limits of normal weight, thus obesity increases with age. In the seventh class obesity is present in 48.35% of boys and in 30.77% of girls. The above discussed trends in nutrition and obesity presence as the risk factors, require an urgent pass of the Action Programme for food and feeding on the state level, which would give a special importance to health promotion from this point of view.

[Obesity, physical activity and health]. / Debljina, fizicka aktivnost i zdravlje.

UNLABELLED: Obesity is one excess of body fat frequently resulting in a significant impairment of health. Lack of physical activity is one possible cause for obesity. GOAL: To exam relation between obesity and physical activity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A sample with 154 randomized chosen patients make 48 (31.2%) men, and 106 (68.8%) women, 30-80 years old. Obesity is defined by bodymass index (BMI) over 30. Physical activity is defined by the modified scheme of Hanson and Ainsworth. RESULTS: Obesity was presented with 106 patients (68.84%). Lack of physical activity was present with 134 patients (87.01%). Physical activity was presented with 20 patients (16.91%), with 5 patients (25%) who are obese, and 15 patients (75%) who are no obese. CONCLUSION: Lack of physical activity plays role in creation of the obesity.