Projection of diabetes morbidity and mortality till 2045 in Indonesia based on risk factors and NCD prevention and control programs.

Diabetes Mellitus is one of the biggest health problems in Indonesia but the research on the disease's projection is still limited. This study aimed to make a projection model of prevalence and mortality of diabetes in Indonesia based on risk factors and NCD programs. The study was a quantitative non-experimental study through multiple linear regression models and system dynamics. The baseline projection was created by 2018 data and projections until 2045 involved the dynamization of risk factors and programs, population, and case fatality rate. The model was created from 205 districts data. This study used secondary data from Basic Health Research, BPJS Kesehatan, NCD programs, and Ministry of Health. The prevalence of diabetes in Indonesia is estimated to increase from 9.19% in 2020 (18.69 million cases) to 16.09% in 2045 (40.7 million cases). The prevalence will be lower to 15.68% (39.6 million) if interventions of programs were carried out, and to 9.22% (23.2 million) if the programs were added with prevention of risk factors. The projected number of deaths due to diabetes increases from 433,752 in 2020 to 944,468 in 2045. Deaths due to stroke among diabetes increases from 52,397 to 114,092 in the same period. Deaths from IHD among diabetes increase from 35,351 to 76,974, and deaths from chronic kidney disease among diabetes increase from 29,061 to 63,279. Diabetes prevalence and mortality in Indonesia rise significantly in Indonesia and can be reduced by intervention of several programs and risk factors. This study findings could be source of planning and evaluation of Diabetes prevention and control program at national and provincial level in the future related to risk factors control and program development.

MIESRA mHealth: Marital satisfaction during pregnancy.

The transition of a pregnant woman's role often causes emotional changes that have an impact on marital satisfaction. We develop MIESRA mHealth and evaluate its impact on satisfaction of husband-wife relationship during pregnancy. A quasi-experimental study was conducted on 82 couples of pregnant women and divided into control, single, and paired group. We implemented MIESRA mHealth for four weeks. In the couple group, the wife did mindfulness based on the information in the MIESRA mHealth together with her husband. In a single group, the wife sees the video as an initial guide to doing mindfulness. In the control group, respondents received programme interventions from hospitals which included education and consultation with obstetricians. Husband-wife relationship is evaluated using Compatibility of Husband-and-Wife Relationships / Kesesuaian Hubungan Suami Istri (KHSI) questionnaire and the generalised estimating equations (GEE) was used to analyse the data. The women's KHSI scores in the couple and single intervention groups (ß = -7.46, p = 0.002; ß = -9.11, p = 0.001) were better than the control group. The husbands' KHSI scores in the paired and individual intervention groups (ß = -7.04, p<0.001; ß = -3.74, p = 0.024) were better than the control group. Nursing interventions to build emotional bonds between parents and foetuses based on mHealth can be a promising intervention for marital harmony during the perinatal period. MIESRA m-Health is a promising intervention on marital satisfaction during pregnancy and can be implemented as a part of the antenatal care programme to increase marital satisfaction.

The effectiveness of mental health nursing promotive and preventive model on protective factors, risk factors and adolescents' mental health.

Adolescents are at risk in experiencing mental health problems if the risk factors owned are more than the protective factors. This study aims to identify the effectiveness of Mental Health nursing promotive and preventive models on protective factors, risk factors and Adolescents' Mental Health. This research was with quasi-experiment, design employed randomization control group pre and post-test design conducted on 240 adolescents, which was divided into both groups equally. The study found that protective factors (self-esteem, family relationship, and prosocial ability) has increased after intervention model by 10.2%; 4.4%; 15.7%, respectively, risk factors (bullying behavior, anxiety, emotional problems, behavioral problems, and peer problems) has decreased after the intervention model by 9.8%; 26.1%; 25.9%; 17.5%; 22.4%, respectively. The model also increased the adolescents' mental health after intervention model by 14.9%. The mental health nursing promotive and preventive model is effective to increase the mental health of adolescents by 21.3%. Mental health nursing' promotive and preventive model could be used as basic needs to implement early detection regarding mental health of adolescents in the UKS scope and involving teachers' role, as well as parents in maintaining mental health.

Antenatal Care Services and Incidence of Low Birth Weight: A Comparison of Demographic and Health Surveys in 4 ASEAN Countries.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the effect of complete coverage and content of available antenatal care (ANC) on the incidence of low birth weight (LBW) in 4 countries belonging to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). METHODS: Measures of complete coverage and content of ANC services included the frequency of ANC visits and the seven service components (blood pressure measurement, iron supplementation, tetanus toxoid immunization, explanations of pregnancy complications, urine sample test, blood sample test, and weight measurement). The complete coverage and content of ANC services were assessed as high if more than 4 ANC visits and all seven components were delivered. Multivariable logistic regression with complex survey designs was conducted using Demographic Health Survey data from the 4 ASEAN countries in question from 2014 to 2017. RESULTS: The proportion of LBW infants was higher in the Philippines (13.8%) than in Indonesia (6.7%), Cambodia (6.7%), or Myanmar (7.5%). Poor ANC services were associated with a 1.30 times higher incidence of LBW than a high level of complete coverage and content of ANC services (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11 to 1.52). In addition, the risk of LBW was higher in the Philippines than in other countries (aOR, 2.25; 95% CI, 2.01 to 2.51) after adjusting for mothers' demographic/socioeconomic factors, health behaviors, and other factors. CONCLUSIONS: In sum, complete coverage and content of ANC services were significantly associated with the incidence of LBW in Indonesia, Cambodia, and Myanmar. The Philippines did not show statistically significant results for this relationship, but had a higher risk of LBW with poor ANC.

Unmet Supportive Care Needs Survey among Male Partners of Gynecological Cancer Survivors in Indonesia.

OBJECTIVE: The number of gynecological cancer survivors is increasing in Indonesia, and these women often require physical and emotional support from their male partners as primary caregivers. However, the male caregiver's need for biological, psychological, and social support is often neglected. This study aims to assess the demographic and clinical determinants affecting the unmet supportive care needs of the gynecological cancer survivors' husbands in Indonesia. METHODS: This cross-sectional survey involved 152 husbands of survivors who were recruited by a consecutive sampling method in two national referral hospitals. A self-administered Cancer Survivors' Partners Unmet Needs Questionnaire was used for data collection. Multiple linear regression was performed to analyze the data. RESULTS: The majority of participants (97.4%) reported at least one unmet need. The primary unmet needs were legal services (71.1%), financial support (70.4%), cancer recurrence concerns (69.7%), and ongoing health support (66.4%). These needs were significantly associated with the wife's radio-chemotherapy and lower household income (P < 0.01) and also related to the husband's education level, duration of caregiving, and wife's cancer stage. CONCLUSIONS: Husbands of gynecological cancer survivors in Indonesia reported a need for legal, financial, and health-care information and assistance. Multidisciplinary professionals should be involved in developing policy and interventions which facilitate the social-economic protection of survivors and their husbands, as well as comprehensive care needs to enhance the women's survival rate.

The response of local governments in financing related to the COVID-19 pandemic: A literature review.

Not only the Central Government, local governments also have a role to shape, adapt and provide a holistic response to the COVID-19 pandemic. One of the most important actions taken by local governments during the COVID-19 pandemic is to make immediate, timely, and targeted decisions for the right institutions in order to give an effective response. Regarding financing, the main point is to focus on increasing support and accelerating fiscal transfer funds to local governments in an effort handle COVID-19. This paper wants to observe the empirical practice of local governments in various countries in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in terms of financing various programs and activities related to the COVID-19 response. Literature was obtained from several databases, namely PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar. Of the 783 articles obtained at the start of the search, in the end only 11 articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this study. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is aparrent in all parts of the world, including in countries' local governments, that forced them to carry out various efforts of mitigating the severity of the pandemic. Although the detailes of local governments budgeting were not found in most of the articles studied in this literature review, it is sufficient to provide a fairly significant picture of the function of local government in tackling the spread of COVID-19.

The relationships of unmet needs with quality of life and characteristics of Indonesian gynecologic cancer survivors.

Gynecologic cancer survivors' complex needs are too often overlooked. This study aimed to identify the associations between unmet needs and quality of life, and selected characteristics of Indonesian gynecologic cancer survivors. This study was a cross-sectional, correlation study. A total of 298 participants completed the Cancer Survivor Unmet Needs (CaSUN), EORTC QLQ-C30, and demographic and clinical-related questionnaires. A higher level of unmet needs was linked to lower perceived quality of life. Higher levels of unmet needs were associated with younger age, lower income, higher educational background, shorter time since diagnosis, more advanced cancer stage, and having combination therapies (p < 0.05). The most frequently reported unmet need of the Indonesian gynecologic cancer survivors was financial support (70.5%). The gynecologic cancer survivors who had completed primary treatment need continuous comprehensive cancer care to help them cope with the lingering or emerging problems related to cancer and its treatment.

Liens entre les besoins non satisfaits, la qualité de vie et les caractéristiques des survivantes de cancers gynécologiques en Indonésie.

Les survivantes de cancers gynécologiques ont des besoins complexes très souvent négligés. La présente étude indonésienne vise à établir les liens entre les besoins non satisfaits, la qualité de vie et certaines caractéristiques particulières de ces survivantes. Au total, 298 participantes ont rempli le questionnaire sur les besoins non satisfaits des survivants au cancer (Cancer Survivor Unmet Needs ou CaSUN), le questionnaire sur la qualité de vie EORTC QLQ-C30 ainsi que les questionnaires démographiques et cliniques. L'étude, réalisée suivant un devis corrélationnel transversal, a établi un lien entre les besoins non satisfaits et la dégradation de la qualité de vie perçue. Plusieurs facteurs sont associés à l'augmentation des besoins insatisfaits: patients jeunes, revenu moindre, niveau d'éducation moyen, diagnostic récent, stade avancé de la maladie, et polythérapie (p < .05). Chez les survivantes indonésiennes d'un cancer gynécologique, le soutien financier (70,5 %) constitue le besoin le plus souvent insatisfait. À la fin des traitements primaires, elles ont besoin de soins globaux et continus pour gérer les problèmes, nouveaux comme anciens, causés par le cancer et le traitement.

Contraceptive use and maternal mortality in Indonesia: a community-level ecological analysis.

BACKGROUND: Prior studies have shown that contraceptive use reduces maternal mortality independently of other maternal health services. The present study took advantage of geographically detailed Indonesian data to study the interplay between contraceptive use and other risk and protective factors for maternal mortality at the community level, a level of analysis where the protective effects of family planning can be best understood. METHODS: Data from the 2015 Intercensal Population Survey (SUPAS) and the 2014 Village Potential Survey (PODES) were used to construct a series of census block-level variables measuring key risk and protective factors for maternal mortality. The relationships between these factors and maternal mortality, measured via natural log-transformation of past five-year maternal mortality ratios in each of the 40,748 census blocks were assessed via log-linear regressions. RESULTS: Higher community maternal mortality ratios were associated with lower community contraceptive prevalence, higher percentage of parity four-plus births, higher proportion of poor households, lower population density of hospitals, higher density of traditional birth attendants (TBA), and residence outside of Java-Bali. For every percentage point increase in CPR, community maternal mortality ratios were lower by 7.0 points (95% CI = 0.9, 14.3). Community-level household wealth was the strongest predictor of maternal mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Community contraceptive prevalence made a significant contribution to reducing maternal mortality net of other risk and protective factors during 2010-2015. Increased health system responsiveness to the needs of pregnant women and reductions in socioeconomic and geographic disparities in maternal health services will be needed for Indonesia to reach the 2030 SDG maternal mortality goal.

Factors associated with episode of prodrome among junior high school students in Bali: Results from a population based study

Maladaptive adjustments during adolescence could predispose to prodrome episodes such as anxiety, less confidence, worry, as well as inappropriate behaviors. This study is quantitative research with a cross-sectional design to identify factors associated with an episode of prodrome among junior high school students. The respondents were from Denpasar aged ≤15 years old and were collected through a random sampling technique, continued with sampling purposive technique to obtain 203 students. This study used questionnaires consisting of demography data, PQ 16, CASSS, and some of the coping mechanisms which in the last were analyzed statistically using chi-squared test and logistic regression analysis. Compared with other variables, this study assumed that low social support from teachers and teenagers' maladaptive coping mechanism could become factors predisposing episode of prodrome in teenagers. Social support from teachers was the most influenced predisposing factor of prodrome episode with a value of 3.6% as well as coping mechanisms with a value of 0.9%. Therefore, teachers should give attention and support to teenagers to be able to develop adaptive coping mechanisms so that they could adapt to the stressors and are capable of responding appropriately when changes in the transitional stage from childhood to adulthood occur. Moreover, it is anticipated for teachers to help adolescents exploring their potential at schools. As a result, teenagers would spend their time mostly at school because it will help them to develop adaptive coping mechanisms

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Dyslipidemia Associated with Hypertension Increases the Risks for Coronary Heart Disease: A Case-Control Study in Harapan Kita Hospital, National Cardiovascular Center, Jakarta.

Background. Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is the main highlight of the major cardiovascular diseases. In Indonesia, CHD is the leading cause of death from all deaths, with rates reaching 26.4%, which is four times greater than cancer mortality rates. Objective. This study aims to determine whether dyslipidemia associated with hypertension increases the risks for the incidence of CHD in Harapan Kita Hospital, National Cardiovascular Center, Jakarta, or does not. Methods. The study design was case control. The sample was 163 respondents, 82 respondents in the case group and 81 respondents in the control group. The data were analyzed by using logistic regression. Results. In the CHD group, the percentage of respondents with dyslipidemia was 50%, while in the control group, the percentage of respondents with dyslipidemia was 17.3%. The relationship of dyslipidemia with the incidence of CHD differed according to hypertension status. After being controlled for age, in hypertensive respondents, those with dyslipidemia was 18.1 times more likely to develop CHD compared with those nondyslipidemic, whereas in nonhypertensive respondents, those with dyslipidemia was 2.5 times more likely to develop CHD compared with those nondyslipidemic. Recommendation. It is recommended that the community have medical checkup regularly and change lifestyles by taking healthy diet to control lipid profile and blood pressure.