[Developing of new anthelmintics. Evaluation of fluzamide on the new experimental models of intestinal cestode infections]. / Razrabotka novykh otechestvennykh antigel'mintikov. Otsenka terapevtitseskoi aktivnosti fluzamida na novykh éksperimental'nykh modeliakh kishechnykh tsestodozov.

The efficacy of the original drug fluzamide (a N,S-containing heterocycle derivative) was evaluated by primary screening on a modified model of monoinvasion with the luminal form of Echinococcus multilocularis and on an original model of intestinal mixed invasion of E. multilocularis and Hymenolepsis nana at the immature and mature stages of the parasites in golden hamsters when an experimental host was immunosuppressed with hydrocortisone. The efficacy of fluzamide in an oral dose of 0.3 g/kg against young E. multilocularis and H. nana (the duration of their invasion was 7 days) was 99.8-100%; that against adult cestodes of both species (their maximum age was 28 days) was 100%. The original method of simulation of intestinal cestodiases in laboratory rodents, which is based on the artificial transplantation of cestodes at the prepatent stage of development from the intestine of infected donors to the intestine of healthy recipients through the latter' stomach during drug immunosuppression, showed its high reliability. There is evidence that transplanted immature strobilar cestodes can survive in the stomach, get acclimated, and continue to develop in the recipients' small bowel up to the stage of formation of infective eggs.

International Commission on Trichinellosis: recommendations on methods for the control of Trichinella in domestic and wild animals intended for human consumption.

This document provides a uniform set of recommendations for the control of Trichinella at all levels (on the farm, at slaughter and in processed meats). These recommendations are based on the best scientific information available and represent the official position of the International Commission on Trichinellosis regarding acceptable control methods. These recommendations are subject to change as new scientific information becomes available.

[The current status of and outlook for the development of parasitology in the 21st century]. / Sovremennoe sostoianie i perspektivy razvitiia parazitologii v XXI veke.

The history of parasitology (mainly helminthology) from antiquity to the present day is briefly outlined. Advances in parasitology and helminthology in the second half of the 20th century are elucidated. The biological methods and techniques of control, chemotherapy and chemoprophylaxis, the design of molecular vaccines and the breeding of animals and plants resistant to parasites appear to be promising trends of scientific search in the nearest tens of years. The components of scientific progress will be the methods of research, biotechnology, bioinformation science, and biomathematics in the 21st century.

[The taxonomic position of nematodes in the genus Trichinella Railliet, 1895]. / Taksonomicheskoe polozhenie nematod roda Trichinella Railliet, 1895.

In the author's opinion, the recent taxonomic revision of the genus Trichinella Railliet, 1895 (Pozio et al., 1992 and others) seems to be hasty and insufficiently substantiated. The proposed criteria for identification of new species, such as production of new-born larvae (PNBL) by Trichinella females in vitro, periods of development of nurse cells (DNC), index of reproductive capacity (IRC), resistance to freezing (RF), firstly, have a sufficient dispersion and are frequently very close (PNBL) to T. britovi, T. nativa, T. nelsoni, and T. pseudospiralis, DNC for these species. Secondly, these criteria are not always precise (one cannot agree with the fact that T. spiralis are not resistant to freezing). And, finally, it is impossible to be guided seriously by such criteria as the low or high significance of IRC or RF. According to the fifth criterion--the number of unique allozymic markers--two species are obviously distinguished: T. spiralis (6 markers) and T. pseudospiralis (12 markers). If the absence of capsule formation in case of T. psuedospiralis and the participation of birds in the life cycle of this parasite will be added to the above-mentioned, two species are again clearly distinguished: T. spiralis and T. pseudospiralis. Presently, it is necessary to classify the remaining species as varieties of subspecies of T. spiralis and to designate T. spiralis nativa, T. spiralis nelsoni, T. spiralis britovi, as recommended by the "Guidelines on Surveillance, Prevention, and Control of Trichinellosis" published by the WHO in 1988.

[The environment of the Moscow megalopolis and the problems of parasitic contamination]. / Sreda megalopolisa Moskvy i problemy parazitarnogo zagriazneniia.

Studying parasitic contamination is regarded as an individual research trend for large-scale land and water areas whose natural habitat is greatly modified by man-made influences. On the one hand, parasitic contamination as its particular form acts as a factor that destabilizing the environment, on the other, the man-made deformation of natural biocenoses, which is induced by socioeconomic influences promote its occurrence and manifestations. The investigations of parasitic contamination are beyond the scope of the routine parasitological goals, though they involve their whole package and should be considered as an ecological objective of environmental protection. The cenotic communications of the links of the parasitic systems with the physicochemical and biological ingredients of the habitat predetermine qualitative and quantitative differences of parasitic contamination in the large urban areas and, finally, the dissimilar course of epidemiological, epizootic, and phytototic processes in parasitic diseases in their various sectors. The major factors influencing the levels of the parasitic pollution of the Moscow megalopolis were analyzed. These included various lines of economic activities, the population's living conditions, procedures for manufacturing foodstuffs, demographic changes. In the recent years, the situation in many parasitic infections in man (trichinosis, cryptobiasis, enterobiasis, toxocariasis, etc.), animals (fascioliasis, trichinosis, etc.) and plants (viral, fungal, and nematode diseases). There is an increase in the population of mosquitos, lice, fleas, and other insects which are vectors of dangerous parasitic diseases of man and animals.