ABSTRACT
The pathology of obesity is a complex process involving interactions among behavioral, environmental, immunologic, genetic, and epigenetic factors. This article gives a broad overview of obesity. The physiology of fat storage, influence of eating behaviors on obesity, and the genetic relationship between eating and food sources are discussed. Specific genes that have been associated with obesity are introduced, with information on leptin and genes such as FTO, GLUT4, and others. This synopsis of obesity expands into environmental influences and epigenetic factors. These include food selection, gut microbiota, pregnancy, and exercise. The nurse will gain specific knowledge to assist in tailoring therapies specific to clients who are working to overcome the long-term effects of this disorder.
Subject(s)
Obesity/etiology , Obesity/therapy , Epigenesis, Genetic , Feeding Behavior , Health Behavior , Humans , Obesity/psychologyABSTRACT
A preshift stretching program was implemented to evaluate its effectiveness in preventing work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD). Workers in a Midwestern factory were assessed for WMSDs before and after the new 8-min stretching program was implemented. Aggregate WMSD data were evaluated and sick days used from the start of the new program were compared with the same 60-day period the previous year. Potential cost savings were also assessed. The researchers found a significant decline in injury rates and time-off requests. Cost savings were noted for both the employer and employees. Additional studies with more workers, as well as longitudinal designs are recommended to verify the findings in this program evaluation study.