The Effect of Moderate-Intensity Physical Exercise on Some Serum Inflammation Markers and the Immune System in Rats Fed Intermittent Fasting with a High-Fat Diet.

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the impact of moderate-intensity physical exercise on serum inflammation markers and the immune system in rats that were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) with intermittent fasting. Materials and Methods: A total of 48 Wistar albino male rats were included in the study and divided into eight groups, each consisting of six rats. Group 1 served as the control group (CG), receiving a standard diet. Group 2 followed the standard nutrition program with intermittent fasting (CG + IF). Group 3 underwent exercise with a standard diet (CG + E). Group 4 underwent both a standard diet with intermittent fasting and exercise (CG + IF + E). Group 5 was fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Group 6 received a high-fat diet with intermittent fasting (HFD + IF). Group 7 followed a high-fat diet with exercise (HFD + E). Group 8 underwent both a high-fat diet with intermittent fasting and exercise (HFD + IF + E). The study lasted for 8 weeks. Results: The results of the analysis show that lymphocyte cell levels in groups HFD + IF, HFD + IF, and HFD + IF + E were higher compared to groups CG-HFD (p < 0.05). Additionally, B lymphocyte and monocyte cell levels were higher in group HFD + IF + E compared to groups CG, CG + IF, and CG + IF + E, as well as CG, CG + IF, and CG + E, respectively. TNF-α levels were significantly higher in group HFD compared to the other groups. Furthermore, IL 10 levels were higher in group HFD + IF + E compared to the other groups. Conclusions: These findings indicate that moderate exercise and intermittent fasting, particularly in groups fed a high-fat diet, increased anti-inflammatory cytokine levels, and certain immune system cell counts, while decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokine levels.

Domestic Violence: Views of Married Men and Factors Affecting Violence.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the views of married men regarding domestic violence and factors that facilitate this violence against women. DESIGN: This cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted on a sample of married men registered to a Family Health Center in Turkey. METHODS: This study included 1110 married men. Data were collected using the "Perception of Gender" scale, and a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression were used for data analysis. FINDINGS: It was found that the average score of men on the Perception of Gender Scale was 74.39 ± 19.08. 57% of participants perpetrated violence on their wives, 66% were subjected to domestic violence during childhood and 57% witnessed domestic violence against women during childhood. The most significant factor affecting domestic violence against women was that the man witnessed domestic violence against women during childhood. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that married men commonly perpetrated violence on their wives, Witnessing domestic violence against women during childhood was the most significant factor affecting domestic violence against women. CLINICAL EVIDENCE: The study revealed that childhood witness to domestic violence against women was the most significant factor affecting participants' domestic violence against women.