[Morphogenesis of the stromal tissue of nasal polyps].

The objective of the present work was to study various stages of morphogenesis of the stromal tissue of nasal polyps. The materials for the investigation were harvested during endoscopic polypotomies in the nose. They were used to obtain the preparations that were stained by the histological and histochemical methods. The immunochemical studies were carried out using monoclonal antibodies against differentiation clusters, such as CD20, CD31, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The study has demonstrated that the growth and evolution of the nasal polyps are accompanied by sequential alterations in the morphological structure of their stromal tissue. The results of the investigations were used to develop the original classification of the selected stages of morphogenesis of the stromal tissue of nasal polyps. The following stages were distinguished: edematous one, inflammatory cellular infiltration, fibrous cirrhotic alterations, and vasculogenesis or neoangiogenesis.

[The mechanisms of local protection of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses].

The objective of the preset study was to elucidate the mechanisms of local protection of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses based on the results of original morphological investigations. The materials for the study were obtained at autopsy on the patients who had died from the diseases unrelated to otorhinolaryngological pathology. The preparations for histological and immunohistochemical studies were obtained by routine staining techniques. Moreover, some immunohistochemical studies were carried out with the use of monoclonal antibodies against specific markers of macrophages, T- and B-lymphocytes. It was shown that the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses contain mucociliary, lymphoepithelial, mucoglandular, and stromal-vascular (interstitial) barriers totally different in terms of structural and functional characteristics. Under normal conditions, these barriers serve to protect mucosa at different levels. At the same time, functional or structural disturbance of one of the superficially located mechanisms of local protection induces activation of another.

[Disorders of physiological parameters of the body (lipid peroxidation and microcirculation) after naso-orbital injuries and the methods of their correction]. / Narusheniia fiziologicheskikh parametrov organizma (perekisnogo okisleniia lipidov a mikrotsirkuliatsii) pri nosoglaznichnoi travme i metody ikh korrektsii.

A naso-orbital injury is often associated with a craniocerebral injury due to the close anatomical localization of the facial and cerebral compartments of the skull. Patients with such injuries showed enhancement of free-radical lipid oxidation and microcirculation disorders. They were controlled by traditional therapeutic methods in combination with antioxidants of direct and indirect action (ascorbic acid, flacumin, alpha-tocopherol acetate, pentoxifylline ) that were given in standard doses. Improvement of microcirculation and decrease of free-radical oxidation of lipids were followed by faster normalization of bioelectric activity and hemodynamics of the brain and earlier clinical recovery. Microcirculation parameters recorded during biomicroscopy of vessels of the bulbar conjunctiva can be used for evaluating cerebral circulation because vessel responses of the eyeball and the brain are similar.