ABSTRACT
The influence of serum lipoprotein profile and measures of carbohydrate metabolism on erythrocyte membrane composition were examined in four groups of children (n = 356, ages 6 to 18 years) from a total biracial population whose earlier very low density (VLDL-C) or low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels (or both) were in the extreme quintiles or quartiles. Erythrocyte membranes of white children contained significantly increased levels of protein (+2.0%) and phospholipid (+2.7%) and decreased levels of neutral sugars (-4.6%) when compared to black children. Membrane neutral sugars were markedly higher (+4.7%) in girls than in boys. Membrane protein was lowest in children characterized by high LDL-C and low VLDL-C. The phospholipid/protein ratio was consistently higher (+1.9%) in the low VLDL-C strata. The relationships between membrane constituents and plasma/serum variables were explored after controlling for race, sex, and age effects and after combining the four selection groups. Less membrane cholesterol was present in the lowest (v highest) quintile of serum LDL-C/high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (P less than 0.01). Membrane phospholipid levels were lower in the highest (v lowest) quintiles of the apoB/apoA-I ratio (P less than 0.01). With respect to measures of carbohydrate tolerance, membrane hexosamine showed low values in the highest (v lowest) quintile of hemoglobin A1c, while the trend was opposite for plasma insulin response (P less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Subject(s)
Carbohydrate Metabolism , Erythrocyte Membrane/metabolism , Lipoproteins/blood , Adolescent , Blood Glucose/metabolism , Carbohydrates/blood , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Insulin/blood , Male , Membrane Lipids/blood , Membrane Proteins/bloodABSTRACT
The chemical composition and biologic properties of a fraction (f) of Sulodexide, a heparin-like GAG, were studied and compared with those of two sulfated GAG preparations and heparin from intestinal mucosa. f-Sulodexide and the sulfated GAG preparations were fractionated on a Dowex-1Cl- column and subsequently on an antithrombin III affinity column. Low affinity and high affinity fractions had similar chemical composition and lipoprotein lipase releasing ability, but they varied in anticoagulant activity. Low affinity fractions from f-Sulodexide had negligible anticoagulant activity while high affinity fractions had one-half the activity of mucosal heparin. When compared to heparin, both fractions had one third amount of lipoprotein lipase releasing activity. The low anticoagulant activity of f-Sulodexide suggests a suitability for long-term use as an antiatherogenic agent.
Subject(s)
Glycosaminoglycans/isolation & purification , Animals , Anticoagulants , Blood Coagulation/drug effects , Chondroitin Sulfates/isolation & purification , Chromatography, Affinity , Glycosaminoglycans/pharmacology , Heparin/isolation & purification , Humans , Hypolipidemic Agents/isolation & purification , Hypolipidemic Agents/pharmacology , In Vitro Techniques , Lipoprotein Lipase/metabolism , RabbitsSubject(s)
Aorta/metabolism , Diet, Atherogenic , Glycosaminoglycans/metabolism , Lipoproteins/metabolism , Plant Oils , Animals , Butter , Cholesterol/analysis , Cholesterol/blood , Cholesterol, HDL , Cholesterol, LDL , Cholesterol, VLDL , Cocos , Dietary Fats/pharmacology , Electrophoresis, Cellulose Acetate , Glycosaminoglycans/analysis , Lipoproteins/analysis , Lipoproteins, HDL/blood , Lipoproteins, LDL/blood , Lipoproteins, VLDL/blood , Oils , Peanut Oil , Rabbits , Uronic Acids/analysisABSTRACT
A simple and rapid micromethod is described for quantitation of cholesterol in 5-10 microliter of serum using uranyl acetate to deproteinize the serum and o-phthalaldehyde reagent to develop color. Independent analyses of serum samples by the present method and by two reference methods, Abell-Kendall and automated colorimetric method, indicated accuracy of the micromethod (r = 0.99). Use of capillary blood specimens makes this procedure applicable for screening infants and small children.
