ABSTRACT
We have used cold target recoil ion momentum spectroscopy to study the continuum correlation between the photoelectron of core-photoionized neon and the subsequent Auger electron. We observe a strong angular correlation between the two electrons. Classical trajectory Monte Carlo calculations agree quite well with the photoelectron energy distribution that is shifted due to the potential change associated with Auger decay. However, a striking discrepancy results in the distribution of the relative angle between Auger and photoelectron. The classical model predicts a shift in photoelectron flux away from the Auger emission direction, and the data strikingly reveal that the flux is lost rather than diverted, indicating that the two-step interpretation of photoionization followed by Auger emission is insufficient to fully describe the core-photoionization process.
ABSTRACT
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has been reported in 10-22% of adults. Amongst patients seeking medical attention for IBS 70-90% may have psychiatric co-morbidity, most commonly major depression. In contrast, few studies have looked at the prevalence of IBS in psychiatric patients. To our knowledge, there are no studies assessing the prevalence of IBS in patients with schizophrenia. Using a semistructured clinical interview to study the prevalence of IBS, we compared 47 patients with schizophrenia to an age-matched control group (n = 40) of patients who were seeking treatment in a primary care physicians office for other medical illnesses. IBS was diagnosed according to the criteria of Drossman et al. Nineteen percent (n = 9) of the patients with schizophrenia met criteria for IBS in contrast to 2.5% (n = 1) of the control group (p = 0.012). Schizophrenic patients seldom complain of gastrointestinal symptoms until specifically asked. Therefore, it may be important to inquire about gastrointestinal symptoms prior to initiating pharmacotherapy in order to differentiate side effects from a prior existing condition. Prospective studies should address the question whether remission of psychosis leads to improvement or resolution of IBS.
Subject(s)
Colonic Diseases, Functional/epidemiology , Schizophrenia/epidemiology , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Chi-Square Distribution , Comorbidity , Female , Humans , Male , PrevalenceABSTRACT
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has been reported in 10% to 22% of adults. The authors compared patients seeking treatment for dysthymia (N = 59) in an outpatient setting to an age- and sex-matched comparison group of patients (N = 54) seeking treatment in a general physician's office for other medical illnesses. The comparison group did not have any Axis I disorders. IBS was diagnosed by using the criteria established by Drossman and colleagues. Of the patients screened, 59.32% of the patients with dysthymia met criteria for IBS in contrast to 1.85% of the comparison group (P < 0.000005). IBS is extremely prevalent in patients seeking treatment for dysthymia and is often undiagnosed and untreated.
Subject(s)
Colonic Diseases, Functional/psychology , Dysthymic Disorder/psychology , Patient Care Team , Adult , Colonic Diseases, Functional/diagnosis , Dysthymic Disorder/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Personality Assessment , Sick RoleABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has been reported in 10% to 22% of adults. Seventy percent to 90% of patients with IBS who seek medical attention have psychiatric comorbidity, most commonly major depression. In contrast, few studies have looked at the prevalence of IBS among psychiatric patients. METHOD: Using a semistructured clinical interview to study the prevalence of IBS, we compared 56 patients seeking treatment for major depression in an outpatient setting to an age- and sex-matched control group of patients (N = 40) who were seeking treatment in a general physician's office for other medical illnesses. The control group had no Axis I disorders. IBS was diagnosed according to the criteria of Drossman et al. RESULTS: Twenty-seven percent (N = 15) of patients with major depression met criteria for IBS in contrast to 2.5% (N = 1) of the control group (p = .0005). Patients with major depression and IBS were more likely to report symptoms of back pain, weakness, heartburn, and nocturnal bowel movements as well as a personal or family history of bowel disease compared with patients with major depression but without IBS. CONCLUSION: IBS is fairly common in patients seeking treatment for major depression. Prospective studies should address the question whether treatment of major depression leads to an improvement or resolution of the symptoms of IBS.
