ABSTRACT
Pathologic tooth migration is a change in tooth position resulting from disruption of the forces that maintain teeth in a normal position in relation to their arch. The disruption of the equilibrium in tooth position may be caused by various etiologic factors. Loss of attachment apparatus along with a non periodontal related condition such as excess occlusal force, a progressive migration of tooth may take place. Mostly this migration can be associated with aesthetic damage of the smile line. To solve these issues, a combination of periodontal and orthodontic treatment is often needed. In this presentation a 23-year-old, systemically healthy, non-smoking female presented with the complaint of bleeding gums, mobility and increased space between upper and lower front teeth causing un-aesthetic appearance and low self esteem. She was treated with interdisciplinary approach of orthodontic and periodontal intervention. Improvement of facial esthetics contributed to the self-confidence of an adult periodontal patient with pathologic tooth migration. Follow up at 10 years post treatment confirmed the good choice of treatment planning and the tendency to improve the results over time. Periodontally compromised orthodontic patients can be satisfactorily treated, achieving correction of the malocclusion and a marked improvement in esthetics when an interdisciplinary approach is used.
ABSTRACT
Plasma cell granuloma is a rare benign lesion characterized by the infiltration of plasma cells; primarily occurring in the lungs. It is also seen to occur in the brain, kidney stomach, heart, and so on but its intraoral occurrence is a rarity. This case report represents one of the uncommon locations in the oral cavity affected by plasma cell granuloma, its clinical and histological features, and establishes the differential diagnosis with other malignant or benign disease entities and planning the treatment accordingly. This report discusses the diagnostic enigma and the associated terminology of plasma cell granulomas and reinforces the need for performing biopsy and a histopathological or immune histochemical study, irrespective of the clinical features and clinical diagnosis of the lesion. In this case a 52-year-old female, presented with gingival enlargement in the mandibular anterior region, treated by excisional biopsy. Histological evaluation revealed plasma cell infiltrates in the connective tissue. The immune-histochemistry revealed kappa and lambda light chains with a polyclonal staining pattern, which confirmed the diagnosis of plasma cell granuloma.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MeS) is high among Asians, including Indians and is rising, particularly with the adoption of modernized lifestyle. Various studies have reported a significant relationship between periodontal status and MeS. The objective of this study is to investigate the association between periodontitis and MeS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 259 subjects (130 cases with chronic periodontitis, 129 controls without chronic periodontitis) who underwent medical and periodontal checkup. Five components (obesity, high blood pressure, low- and high-density lipoproteins, cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia, and high plasma glucose) of MeS were evaluated, and individuals with ≥3 positive components were defined as having MeS. The periodontal parameter was clinical attachment level (CAL) on the basis of which cases were selected with moderate (CAL loss 3-4 mm) and severe (CAL loss ≥5 mm) generalized chronic periodontitis. The association between chronic periodontitis and MeS components was investigated using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: The association of MeS and chronic periodontitis was strong and significant with OR: 2.64, 95% CI: 1.36-5.18, and P < 0.003. Comparison of mean values of components of MeS between cases and controls reveals that the mean waist circumference (mean difference: -4.8 [95% CI: 7.75--1.84], P < 0.002) and mean triglycerides level (mean difference: -25.75 [95% CI: -49.22--2.28], P < 0.032) were significantly higher in cases than in control groups. Although mean systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and fasting blood sugar level were higher in cases (125.77, 82.99 and 86.38, respectively) compared with control (122.81, 81.3 and 83.68, respectively), it was statistically insignificant. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that there is a strong association between chronic periodontitis and MeS. The association was independent of the various potential confounding risk factors affecting the chronic periodontitis such as age, sex, residential background, and tobacco consumption.
ABSTRACT
AIM: To investigate whether the use of an oxidizing mouth rinse as an adjunct to chlorhexidine is efficacious in reducing stains and plaque. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study had a single-blind, three-group (n = 35 each) parallel design, including a 21 days experimental period during which group I rinsed with chlorhexidine (CHX) 0.2% alone, group II used chlorhexidine (CHX) followed by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) 1.5%. Group III rinsed with the same mouthwashes in reverse order. Patients were randomly assigned to one of the three groups. The examination for plaque, and stains was done after 1, 2, and 3 weeks of rinsing. RESULTS: Group II showed significantly less stain intensity in comparison with group I after 14 and 21 days (P values 0.025 and 0.005, respectively). The proportion of stained surfaces was less in the group II than in the group I and was significant at the end of 1 week. The plaque formation was significantly less in groups II and III than group I at 7, 14, and 21 days. CONCLUSION: The adjunctive use of hydrogen peroxide to chlorhexidine proved to be superior to chlorhexidine alone with regard to the inhibition of plaque and development of stains.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Health education for the school age child is a specialized field within the broad discipline of education. Oral health education program are educational aspects of any curative, preventive and promotional health activity. AIM: The study has been undertaken to evaluate the impact of oral health education on the status of plaque, gingival health and dental caries among 12 and 15 years old children attending government school in Shimla city. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred and seventy six school children participated in the study. The study was conducted over a period of 4 months from May 2010 to August 2010 in Government Senior Secondary School, Sanjauli. Plaque, gingival and caries status was assessed by using Silness and Loe plaque index, Loe and Silness gingival index and WHO modified DMFT index, respectively. Data was analyzed using the software SPSS version 15. Paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank sum test were used appropriately for statistical comparisons. P value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Overall mean plaque score and gingival score decreased significantly after oral health education irrespective of gender. However, decrease in plaque score among 15 years old female children and gingival scores among 12 and 15 years old female subjects was not significant. Difference in mean caries status was statistically insignificant among all the subjects. CONCLUSION: Short term oral health education program may be useful in improving oral hygiene and gingival health. Coordinating efforts should be enhanced between school personnel, parents and health professionals to ensure long-term benefits of such program.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The literature shows that an increased body mass index (BMI) may be a potential risk factor for periodontitis. Association between BMI and periodontitis has been ascribed to unhealthy dietary patterns with insufficient micronutrients and excess sugar and fat content. AIM: The present study intended to assess the relation between BMI and periodontal status among state government employees in Shimla city, Himachal Pradesh in India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study sample comprised 1,008 subjects aged 18-58 years, drawn by a proportional sample from 10,908 employees. BMI was calculated by the Quetelet index as the ratio of the subject's body weight (in kg) to the square of the height (in meters). Periodontal status was recorded using the Community Periodontal Index (CPI). Binary multiple logistic regression analysis was done to assess the relation between BMI and periodontal status. The dependent variable for logistic regression analysis was categorized into control group (scores 0-2 of the CPI) and periodontitis group (scores 3 and 4 of the CPI). RESULTS: The overall prevalence of periodontal disease was 98.9%. Score 2 (bleeding and calculus) was the highest score prevailing among the subjects. They had an increased risk of periodontitis by 56% for each 1 kg/m(2) increase in BMI, which means that a higher BMI could be a potential risk factor for periodontitis among the adults aged 18 to 58 years. CONCLUSION: BMI evaluation could be used in the assessment of periodontal risk.
ABSTRACT
Odontomas are benign odontogenic tumors composed of enamel, dentine, and cementum and pulp tissue. They are usually clinically asymptomatic, but often associated with tooth eruption disturbances. The present study reports an unusual case of eleven odontomas in the left lateral incisor-canine region of lower jaw. A 26 years old female presented to the department of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics in H.P. Govt. Dental College and Hospital Shimla for the treatment of misaligned teeth. Clinical examination revealed that the lower left lateral incisor was missing. Patient was advised for radiographs, which revealed a mixed radiopaque lesion associated to impacted lower left canine. The histological report in this case indicated a compound odontoma.
