ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the safety and efficacy of zavegepant (BHV-3500), a recently approved nasal spray containing a third-generation calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonist, for treating acute migraine attacks. METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted across various databases up to 06/26/2023 to identify relevant randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on zavegepant's efficacy and safety in treatment of acute migraine attacks. Primary outcome: freedom from pain at 2 hours postdose. Safety outcomes were evaluated based on adverse events (AEs), with zavegepant 10 mg and placebo groups compared for incidence of AEs. RESULTS: Two RCTs, involving 2061 participants (1014 receiving zavegepant and 1047 receiving placebo), were quantitatively analyzed. An additional trial was included for qualitative synthesis. Zavegepant 10 mg exhibited a significantly higher likelihood of achieving freedom from pain at 2 hours postdose compared with the placebo group (risk ratio [RR] 1.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.28 to 1.84). It also showed superior relief from the most bothersome symptoms at 2 hours postdose compared with placebo (RR 1.26, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.42). However, the zavegepant 10 mg group experienced a higher incidence of AEs compared with placebo (RR 1.78, 95% CI 1.5 to 2.12), with dysgeusia being the most reported AE (RR 4.18, 95% CI 3.05 to 5.72). CONCLUSION: Zavegepant 10 mg is more effective than placebo in treating acute migraine attacks, providing compelling evidence of its efficacy in relieving migraine pain and most bothersome associated symptoms. Further trials are necessary to confirm its efficacy, tolerability, and safety in diverse clinic-based settings with varied patient populations.
Subject(s)
Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Receptor Antagonists , Migraine Disorders , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Migraine Disorders/drug therapy , Humans , Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the potential of artificial intelligence in combating COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar were searched for the term "Artificial intelligence and COVID-19" up to March 31, 2021. RESULTS: Artificial intelligence (AI) is a potential tool to contain the current pandemic. AI can be used in many fields such as early detection and respective diagnosis, supervision of treatment, projection of cases and mortality, contact tracing of individuals, development of drugs and vaccines, reduces workload on health workers, prevention of disease, analysis of mental health of people amid pandemic. CONCLUSIONS: AI is being updated and being improved, second by second to be able to interpret like actual human minds. This advancement in AI may lead to a completely different future of COVID-19 pandemic where most of the simpler works may be done by AI and only essential works could be done by health workers in order to increase patient care in current scenario of COVID-19 outbreak. But again one of the main constraint is of limited trustworthy and noise free sources of information. So the need for the hour is to make a free data system where most of the analysed data could be available to feed AI, which could effectively halt the current pandemic.
