Qualitative and morphological evaluation of the mandibular bone using computed tomography.

CONTEXT: Determining the amount of cortical and cancellous bone present in the mandible is an important criterion for the selection of proper implant size and reduction of post implant placement complications. It becomes difficult to manage the presence of lingual undercuts when there is perforation of either the buccal or lingual cortical plates. Computed tomography (CT) images of the mandible can reduce the risk of complications by evaluating the thickness of cortical and cancellous bone in the mandible. AIMS: Evaluate thickness of the buccal and lingual cortical plates and cancellous bone. Gender variation in the cancellous bone and cortical bone thickness. Determine the shape of the mandible. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: A retrospective study was conducted using the CT scan images of pathologies pertaining to the Head and Neck region. METHODS AND MATERIAL: CT scan images of 30 patients, comprising of 22 males and 8 females. The mental foramen was considered as the anatomical landmark and the vertical marking was considered at a height of 20 mm from basal bone. The thickness of both cortical and cancellous bone was noted 6 mm anterior to it and 18 mm posterior. The shape of the buccal and lingual cortical bone was also considered. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Statistical analysis was done using Student's t-test or Chi-square test. RESULTS: The mean thickness of cortical bone was more in anterior mandible than posterior mandible and cortical bone density was thickest at height of 20 mm, whereas for cancellous bone, it was highest at 5 mm from the basal bone, thickness. Buccal concavity, type A (68.2%), was the most common in the anterior region for males, followed by round shape, type C (56-58%) in the posterior region. For females, type C (25-31%) in the posterior region and lingual concavity, type B (18-30%) were the most common types in the anterior region. CONCLUSIONS: Lingual concavity may pose serious problems in cases of perforations during implant placement. Lingual cortical plates were thicker than the buccal cortical plates and it is concave anterior mandible. Thus, CT imaging can help in characterizing the quantity and morphology of the mandible.

Non Aggressive Mandibular Osteoblastoma- A Rare Maxillofacial Entity.

Benign osteoblastoma is a very rare, bone tumour occurring in the facial region. These lesions are most frequently seen in long bones. They are characterised by proliferation of compact or cancellous bone. The lesion is usually asymptomatic until it causes significant facial asymmetry or displacement of the teeth if present in the alveolar region. The clinical appearance of osteoblastoma is very similar to peripheral ossifying fibroma or any fibro-osseous lesion. The tumour is characterised by bone formation along with the presence of numerous osteoblasts. This case report describes the presence of a bony hard mass in the right side of mandible of a 27-year-old female patient with the chief complaint of a painless growth since past 10 years. The growth slowly increased in size displacing the teeth associated with it. The patient also complained of difficulty in speech and mastication.

Microtensile Bond Strength of Embrace Wetbond Hydrophilic Sealant in Different Moisture Contamination: An In-Vitro Study.

AIM: Contamination of etched enamel with saliva has been shown to result in sealant failure. Recently, a hydrophilic sealant has been introduced. In absence of documented literature, this in vitro study was undertaken to ascertain the efficacy of Embrace Wet Bond without reduction of microtensile bond strength in the different moisture contamination. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 5mm block of sealant were built over prepared occlusal surface of 40 non-carious therapeutically extracted third molars which were sectioned into 1mm thick stick and tested using Zwick micro tensile tester. Obtained data were subjected to descriptive analysis, one-way ANOVA and Scheffe's post-hoc tests. RESULTS: Mean microtensile bond strength of Embrace sealant was not significantly lowered in different moisture contamination groups except Group 3 (air drying), which showed very highly significant (p<0.001) decrease in µTBS as compared to Group 1 (non-contaminated). CONCLUSION: Mean µTBS of Embrace sealant remains largely unchanged even in presence of moisture. Owing to its hydrophilic property, this sealant can be a great help in cases where maintaining isolation is difficult.

Non syndromic familial bilateral decidious taurodontism - a first case report.

Taurodontism is anatomical and morphological alteration in the shape of the tooth. In taurodontism the crowns appear larger and the roots shorter compared to the normal anatomy of the respective tooth. The incidence of taurodontism in deciduous is very low and is also not very common in permanent dentition. The endodontic treatment protocol of taurodontic tooth is challenging. Taurodontic tooth requires a very cautious approach in identifying the root canal orientation and presence of any extra or lateral canals.

Hutchinson-gilford progeria syndrome: a rare genetic disorder.

Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare pediatric genetic syndrome with incidence of one per eight million live births. The disorder is characterised by premature aging, generally leading to death at approximately 13.4 years of age. This is a follow-up study of a 9-year-old male with clinical and radiographic features highly suggestive of HGPS and presented here with description of differential diagnosis and dental consideration. This is the first case report of HGPS which showed pectus carinatum structure of chest.