Body composition characteristics and influencing factors of different parts of sarcopenia in elderly people: A community-based cross-sectional survey.

Objectives: This study aims to describe the differences in body composition among different body parts of the elderly in the community and its relationship with sarcopenia. Methods: Elderly people aged ≥65 underwent bioelectric impedance analysis testing and were categorized into a sarcopenia group, possible sarcopenia group, and control group. The characteristics of body composition indicators in different parts and their relationship with different stages of sarcopenia were analyzed. Results: The sarcopenia group illustrated the lowest values of FFM, FFM%, BFM, BFM%, ICW, and limb PhA, along with higher ECW/TBW in the trunk and left leg compared to the control group. The possible sarcopenia group showed lower FFM% in limbs and trunk, and higher BFM% compared to the control group. Gender differences in elderly body composition were observed, with an increase in BFM% in various body parts posing a risk factor for possible sarcopenia in elderly males, whereas an increase in BFM% except in the left arm was a protective factor for sarcopenia in elderly females. Conclusion: The body composition of the elderly in the community varied significantly in different stages of sarcopenia and genders, which correlated with sarcopenia.

Dyslipidemia is associated with sarcopenia of the elderly: a meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: Sarcopenia is a pathological change characterized by muscle loss in older people. According to the reports, there is controversy on the relationship between dyslipidemia and sarcopenia. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to explore the association between sarcopenia and dyslipidemia. METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wan Fang, China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP Database) for case‒control studies to extract data on the odds ratio (OR) between sarcopenia and dyslipidemia and the MD(mean difference) of TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG, and TG/HDL-C between sarcopenia and nonsarcopenia. The JBI(Joanna Briggs) guidelines were used to evaluate the quality. Excel 2021, Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 16.0 were used for the statistical analysis. RESULTS: Twenty studies were included in the meta-analysis, 19 of which were evaluated as good quality. The overall OR of the relationship between sarcopenia and dyslipidemia was 1.47, and the MD values of TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG, and TG/HDL-C were 1.10, 1.95, 1.27, 30.13, and 0.16 respectively. In female, compared with the non-sarcopnia, the MD of TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG of sarcopenia were - 1.67,2.21,1.02,-3.18 respectively. In male, the MD of TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG between sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia were - 0.51, 1.41, 5.77, -0.67. The OR between sarcopenia and dyslipidemia of the non-China region was 4.38, and it was 0.9 in China. In the group(> 60), MD of TC between sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia was 2.63, while it was 1.54 in the group(20-60). CONCLUSION: Dyslipidemia was associated with sarcopenia in the elderly, which was affected by sex, region and age.

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Factors Influencing Self-Medication in Children.

To evaluate the prevalence, influencing factors, and behavior rules of self-medication in children. Articles on self-medication in children from various electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, the WHO website (https://www.who.int/), ABI, CNKI, and Wanfang), were searched to August 2022. The single-group meta-analyses of the prevalence, influencing factors, and behavior rules of self-medication in children were performed using Revman 5.3 and Stata 16.0. The overall pooled prevalence of self-medication in children was 57% (95% CI: 0.39-0.75, I² = 100%, P < .00001 Z = 6.22). The pooled prevalence for main influencing factors, in terms of caregivers, was: 73% (95% CI: 0.72-0.75, I² = 100%, P < .00001, Z = 111.18) for those in rural areas; 55% (95% CI: 0.51-0.59, P = .04, Z = 26.92, I² = 68%, P < .00001) for females; 75% (95% CI: 0.74-0.76, I² = 68%, P < .00001, Z = 106.66) for those whose income was less than 716 dollars; 77% (95% CI: 0.75-0.79, I² = 99%, P < .000001, Z = 92.59) for the middle-aged and elderly; and 72% (95% CI: 0.58-87, I² = 99%, P < .00001, Z = 9.82) for those with a degree below bachelor. In the process of self-medication for children, 19% (95% CI: 0.06-0.32, I² = 99%, P < .00001, Z = 2.82) of the caregivers did not read the instructions, 28% (95% CI: -0.03-0.60, I² = 100%, P < .000001, Z = 1.77) neglected adverse effects, 49% (95% CI: 0.11-0.87, I² = 100%, P = .01, Z = 2.51) spontaneously increased or decreased the dosages, 49% (95% CI: 0.48-0.55, I² = 65%, P < .00001, Z = 16.51) had an awareness of over-the-counter (OTC) drugs, and 41% (95% CI: 0.18-0.64, I² = 99%, P < .00001, Z = 3.49) misrecognized the antibiotics. Self-medication for children was common, although the overall prevalence was not very high. The prevalence of self-medication in children was relatively higher among those caregivers who were female, rural, had low-income, were elder, or had a degree below bachelor. Common behaviors during self-medication in children included spontaneous dose increase or decrease, a lack of awareness of OTC drugs, and misconception of antibiotics. Government departments should formulate corresponding policies to provide quality health education resources for the caregivers of children.