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1.
Phytomedicine ; 21(11): 1318-24, 2014 Sep 25.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25172796

ABSTRACT

Angelica Sinensis Radix (roots of Angelica sinensis; ASR) is a popular herbal supplement in China for promoting blood circulation. Today, sulfur-fumigation is commonly used to treat ASR as a means of pest control; however, the studies of sulfur-fumigation on the safety and efficacy of ASR are very limited. Here, we elucidated the destructive roles of sulfur-fumigation on ASR by chemical and biological assessments. After sulfur-fumigation, the chemicals in ASR were significantly lost. The biological activities of anti-platelet aggregation, induction of NO production and estrogenic properties were compared between the water extracts of non-fumigated and sulfur-fumigated ASR. In all cases, the sulfur-fumigation significantly reduced the biological properties of ASR. In addition, application of water extract deriving from sulfur-fumigated ASR showed toxicity to cultured MCF-7 cells. In order to ensure the safety and to achieve the best therapeutic effect, it is recommended that sulfur-fumigation is an unacceptable approach for processing herbal materials.


Subject(s)
Angelica sinensis/chemistry , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry , Fumigation , Sulfur/chemistry , Animals , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology , Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/drug effects , Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/metabolism , Humans , MCF-7 Cells , Nitric Oxide/metabolism , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plant Roots/chemistry , Platelet Aggregation/drug effects , Rabbits
2.
J Ethnopharmacol ; 154(3): 825-31, 2014 Jul 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24837305

ABSTRACT

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Danggui Buxue Tang (DBT), a Chinese herbal decoction commonly used in treating women׳s ailments, contains two herbs: Angelica Sinensis Radix (ASR) and Astragali Radix (AR). Traditionally, ASR had to be pre-treated with yellow wine before the herbal preparation, which reduced the amount of volatile oil in water extract of ASR and DBT, and meanwhile the volatile oil-reduced DBT processed better bioactivities in cell cultures. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of volatile oil from ASR (Angelica oil) on the solubility of AR-derived ingredients and the biological properties of DBT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To standardize Angelica oil, four marker chemicals in ASR were determined by GC-QQQ-MS/MS. Subsequently, fifteen gram of AR was boiled with different amounts of Angelica oil. The amounts of astragaloside IV, calycosin, formononetin, total polysaccharides, total saponins and total flavonoids, all derived from AR, were extracted and determined by HPLC-UV/ELSD. To reveal the effect of Angelica oil on DBT functions, several cell assays related to the traditional functions of DBT were selected, including anti-platelet aggregation, induction of NO production, hematopoetic, estrogenic and osteogenic properties. RESULTS: The inclusion of Angelica oil in AR during preparation significantly decreased the amount of AR-derived astragaloside IV, calycosin, formononetin, total saponins and total flavonoids in the final water extract. In parallel, an inclusion of Angelica oil caused a decrease of DBT׳s estrogenic and hematopoetic activities in cultured cells. Moreover, the Angelica oil decreased DBT-induced cell proliferation of cultured MG-63 and endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that Angelica oil was a negative regulator for DBT chemically and biologically, which supported the traditional practice of preparing DBT by using the wine-treated ASR.


Subject(s)
Angelica sinensis/chemistry , Angelica/chemistry , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology , Astragalus Plant/chemistry , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology , Oils, Volatile/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/analysis , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Cell Survival/drug effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/analysis , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry , HEK293 Cells , Humans , MCF-7 Cells , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Molecular Structure , Oils, Volatile/analysis , Structure-Activity Relationship , Tumor Cells, Cultured
3.
Phytomedicine ; 19(11): 1042-8, 2012 Aug 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22902230

ABSTRACT

The commonly used Angelica herbal decoction today is Danggui Buxue Tang (DBT), which is a dietary supplement in treating menopausal irregularity in women, i.e. to nourish "Qi" and to enrich "Blood". According to historical record, many herbal decoctions were also named DBT, but the most popular formulation of DBT was written in Jin dynasty (1247 AD) of China, which contained Astragali Radix (AR) and Angelicae Sinensis Radix (ASR) with a weight ratio of 5:1. However, at least two other Angelica herbal decoctions recorded as DBT were prescribed in Song (1155 AD) and Qing dynasties (1687 AD). Although AR and ASR are still the major components in the DBT herbal decoctions, they are slightly varied in the herb composition. In order to reveal the efficiency of different Angelica herbal decoctions, the chemical and biological properties of three DBT herbal extracts were compared. Significantly, the highest amounts of AR-derived astragaloside III, astragaloside IV, calycosin and formononetin and ASR-derived ferulic acid were found in DBT described in 1247 AD: this preparation showed stronger activities in osteogenic, estrogenic and erythropoetic effects than the other two DBT. The current results supported the difference of three DBT in chemical and biological properties, which could be a result of different herbal combinations. For the first time, this study supports the popularity of DBT described in 1247 AD.


Subject(s)
Angelica/chemistry , Astragalus propinquus/chemistry , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology , 4-Butyrolactone/analogs & derivatives , 4-Butyrolactone/analysis , Animals , Cell Differentiation/drug effects , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Coumaric Acids/analysis , Erythropoiesis/drug effects , Female , Glucosides/analysis , Humans , Isoflavones/analysis , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Osteogenesis/drug effects , Plant Roots/chemistry , Promoter Regions, Genetic/drug effects , Receptors, Estrogen/drug effects , Saponins/analysis , Triterpenes/analysis
4.
J Pharm Biomed Anal ; 70: 671-9, 2012 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22704738

ABSTRACT

Danggui Buxue Tang (DBT), a herbal decoction contains Astragali Radix (AR) and Angelicae Sinensis Radix (ASR), has been used as a health food supplement in treating menopausal irregularity in women for more than 800 years in China. Several lines of evidence indicate that the synergistic actions of AR and ASR in this herbal decoction leading to a better pharmacological effect of DBT. Here, the role of different herbs in directing the transport of active ingredients of DBT was determined. A validated RRLC-QQQ-MS/MS method was applied to determinate the permeability of ingredients across the Caco-2 cell monolayer. AR-derived chemicals, including astragaloside IV, calycosin and formononetin, as well as ASR-derived chemicals, including ferulic acid and ligustilide, were determined by RRLC-QQQ-MS/MS. The pharmacokinetic results showed that the membrane permeabilities of calycosin and formononetin, two of the major flavonoids in AR, could be markedly increased in the presence of ASR extract: this induction effect could be mediated by ferulic acid deriving from ASR. In contrast, the extract of AR showed no effect on the chemical permeability. The current results suggested that the ingredients of ASR (such as ferulic acid) could enhance the membrane permeability of AR-derived formononetin and calycosin in cultured Caco-2 cells. The possibility of herb-drug synergy within DBT was proposed here.


Subject(s)
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/metabolism , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology , Intestinal Absorption/drug effects , Intestinal Mucosa/drug effects , Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism , Isoflavones/metabolism , Angelica sinensis , Caco-2 Cells , Chromatography, Liquid , Coumaric Acids/pharmacology , Drug Synergism , Humans , Permeability , Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization , Tandem Mass Spectrometry , Time Factors
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