ABSTRACT
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a common and widespread infection that poses a serious threat among carriers for the development of life-threatening liver diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the riboflavin photochemical method in inactivating duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) in plasma via an animal model. Forty ducks were selected and randomly divided into the experimental (n=10), the virus control (n=10), the visible light control (n=10) and the plasma control group (n=10). Ducks in the experimental group were injected with plasma inactivated by the riboflavin photochemical method; in the virus control group were injected with plasma without inactivation treatment; in the visible light control group were injected with plasma irradiated by visible light; and in the plasma control group were injected with normal plasma. The serum of the ducks in each group was taken at different time points to detect DHBV-DNA levels via FQ-PCR and duck hepatitis B surface antigen (DHBsAg) via ELISA. DHBV-DNA in the experimental group was decreased gradually over time until it disappeared and there was a significant difference in DHBsAg between the experimental and control groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, the results showed that the riboflavin photochemical method is effective in the inactivation of viruses in plasma, which has relevance for preventive strategies against transfusion-derived infections.
ABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to examine the influence of riboflavin photochemical method on the inactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the functions of red blood cells. Twenty patients suffering viral hepatitis B were selected in this study, and venous blood was collected and final concentration of 1,500 µmol/l riboflavin were added, to accept the λ=400-500 nm. The light intensity of 40,000 lux was treated with 2 h. The effect of inactivation was then evaluated and the function of red blood cells was detected. Two hours after treatment of the blood samples with riboflavin (1,500 µmol/l), the numbers of copy of HBV DNA were significantly decreased (5.1×109±4.2×10 vs. 1.2×107±1.2×106 after the inactivation, while, 2,3-DPG, Na+K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase, FHb were unchanged. In conclusion, HBV DNA can be reduced using riboflavin photochemical inactivation method. Inactivate the B virus had no effect on erythrocyte function.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Accurate estimation of the risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection through transfusion is essential for monitoring blood safety. The risk, however, is so low that it can only be estimated by mathematical modeling. With the Bayesian dependence model, this study evaluates the HIV antibody screening strategy of duplicate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in Xuzhou Blood Center and therefore estimates part of the total risks of transfusion-transmitted HIV infection. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Data from Xuzhou Blood Center between 2004 and 2008 were used. Information was obtained on donor profiles and screening and confirmatory test results. The portion of the risks of HIV infection through transfusion concerned was estimated by evaluating the screening algorithm in terms of its accuracy and predictive power with the Bayesian dependence model. RESULTS: A total of 234,602 donations from voluntary blood donors in Xuzhou Blood Center were screened for HIV antibody. For the study screening algorithm, its sensitivity, specificity, false-positive predictive value (FPPV), and false-negative predictive value (FNPV) were 0.9951 (95% Bayesian credible interval [BCI], 0.9763-0.9997), 0.9991 (95% BCI, 0.9990-0.9992), 0.9647 (95% BCI, 0.9018-0.9923), and 1.52 × 10(-7) (95% BCI, 7.31 × 10(-9) -1.15 × 10(-6) ), respectively. For the positive detection rate (9.60 × 10(-4) ) and FPPV (0.9647), the differences between their own Bayesian median estimates and real values were 2.70 × 10(-5) and -0.0033, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The HIV antibody screening algorithm of duplicate ELISA is well evaluated in its accuracy and predictive power with the Bayesian dependence model. The FNPV measures the part of the risks of transfusion-associated HIV transmission concerned.
Subject(s)
Donor Selection/methods , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods , HIV Antibodies/analysis , Bayes Theorem , Blood Donors , China , HIV Antibodies/immunology , HumansABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vivo viability of human platelets cryopreserved at -80 degrees C by using SCID mouse model and flow cytometry. The fresh human platelets were frozen with 5% DMSO at -80 degrees C for 10 days, thawed, and centrifuged for concentration. A 100 ml aliquot of concentrated platelets was injected into the SCID mouse tail vein by using a 1 ml insulin-syringe fitted with a 29-gauge ultra-fine needle. The whole blood was collected into heparinized capillary tube at 0.5, 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 hours after infusion via a tail vein and was labelled with CD61-PE. Then the human platelets in mouse whole blood were detected by flow cytometry. The 30 minute time point was used as 100% to calculate the survival time of human platelets. The results showed that the survival time of cryopreserved human platelets were more significantly decreased than that of fresh platelets in SCID mice. Survival rates at 4 hours after transfusion of fresh platelets and cryopreserved platelets in SCID mice were 79.5% +/- 9.1% (n = 8) and 40.6% +/- 6.6% (n = 8) respectively, and a T(1/2) estimated were 7 hours for fresh platelets, but 2.5 hours for the cryopreserved. In conclusion, platelets survival time in SCID mice was shortened after frozen with DMSO at -80 degrees C.
