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1.
Med. Afr. noire (En ligne) ; 65(12): 589-596, 2018.
Article in French | AIM (Africa) | ID: biblio-1266320

ABSTRACT

Contexte : Le pronostic vital des malades en état de choc est le plus souvent péjoratif. Les facteurs en cause sont notamment le retard des consultations, l'incertitude de diagnostic et la non-maîtrise des mécanismes de régulation de la pression artérielle.But : Déterminer les taux plasmatiques du cortisol et de l'albumine chez les patients en état de choc, rechercher l'impact des perturbations de ces taux sur leur évolution clinique.Patients et méthodes : Etude descriptive transversale des patients hospitalisés en médecine interne et en Réanimation aux CUK d'octobre 2016 à mars 2017 dans un état de choc. Les paramètres sociodémographiques et cliniques, les taux de cortisolémie et d'albuminémie ont été analysés. Les données ont été saisies à l'aide du logiciel Excel 2010 et le traitement effectué au moyen du logiciel SPSS 21, avec comme seuil de signification statistique de 0,05.Résultats : Le cortisol et l'albumine plasmatiques ont été dosés chez 22 des 26 patients (84,61%) en état de choc. 67% des patients étaient âgés d'au moins 60 ans. La détresse respiratoire (54,5%) et les troubles de la conscience (31,8%) étaient les principaux signes d'appel du choc. Le taux moyen du cortisol était de 1048,9 nML-1 le matin et de 1222,08 nM -1 le soir. Dix-sept des 22 malades (77%) étaient en hyper-cortisolémie. Nous n'avons pas trouvé une quelconque corrélation entre les taux plasmatiques de cortisol et la glycémie à l'admission des malades. Le taux moyen d'albumine était de 2,45 g/dl (extrêmes : 1,3-4,1 g/dl). Tous les malades sauf un (95%) étaient en hypo albuminémie. 31,81% des malades avaient les antécédents d'ulcère gastro-duodénal, 22,7% des patients étaient des diabétiques et 22,7% étaient des éthyliques. Aucune corrélation n'a été trouvée entre les taux d'albumine et d'hémoglobine sanguine. Cependant, l'étude a montré une corrélation négative entre les taux plasmatiques de cortisol et d'albumine. Quatorze décès (63,64%) ont été enregistrés, particulièrement chez les malades ayant une albuminémie inférieure à 3,8g/L. Seuls 8 malades (36,36%) avaient survécu.Conclusion : La quasi-totalité des malades admis en état de choc dans nos services des soins avaient des taux très élevés de cortisol et un important déficit en albumine plasmatique. Ce dernier pourrait expliquer, du moins partiellement, le lourd tribut payé par les malades qui en étaient affectés


Subject(s)
Blood Protein Disorders , Democratic Republic of the Congo , Hydrocortisone , Outpatients
2.
Mali Med ; 30(2): 44-48, 2015.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29927145

ABSTRACT

AIMS: To determine the frequency of acute encephalic cranial injuries by CT-Scan and to describe the clinical profile of patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a retrospective and multicentric study including patients with encephalic cranial trauma (ECT) hospitalized in Kinshasa from January 2006 to December 2010 who underwent a CT-scan. Injuries were classified as encephalic cranial potentially surgical and non surgical encephalic cranial injuries. The demographic and clinical parameters of each patient have been analyzed. RESULTS: The average age of patients (n=552) was 37.34 ± 14.51 years with a sex ratio man:woman of 5:1. Traffic injuries were the main cause for injuries. About 68.3% of patients had a GCS ≤ 8. 90% of encephalic cranial potentially surgical were mostly hematoma (64%), subdural hematoma (46%) versus epidural hematoma (12%). Of these patients, only 6.6% had benefitted from a surgical treatment. The non potentially surgical lesions were often associated with potentially surgical lesions and were mostly outclassed by the dome of the skull fracture (43%). The isolated non potentially surgical lesions were predominantly diffuse axonal injury. CONCLUSION: The majority of patients with encephalic cranial trauma seen on CT-scan in Kinshasa have serious lesions potentially surgical. Men are more affected than women, with the 20-40 years old age bracket being the most represented.


BUT: Déterminer la fréquence des lésions crânio-encéphaliques aigues post-traumatiques au scanner et décrire le profil clinique associé. MATÉRIEL ET MÉTHODES: Etude rétrospective de janvier 2006 à décembre 2010 des patients avec traumatismes crânio-encéphaliques (TCE) hospitalisés à Kinshasa et ayant réalisé un scanner. Les lésions étaient classées en lésions crânio-encéphaliques à potentiel chirurgical (LCEPC) et lésions crânio-encéphaliques non chirurgicales (LCENC). Les paramètres clinico-démographiques ont été analysés. RÉSULTATS: L'âge moyen des patients (n=552) était de 37,34±14,51 ans, avec un sex-ratio homme sur femme de 5/1. L'accident de la voie publique était la principale cause des TCE. Environ 68,3% des patients avaient un GCS ≤ 8. Les LCEPC (90%) étaient dominées par les hématomes intra-cérébraux (64%). De ces patients, seuls 6,6% ont pu bénéficier d'un traitement chirurgical. Les LCENC étaient souvent associées aux LCEPC et dominées par les fractures de la voûte (43%). Les LCENC isolées étaient en majorité des lésions axonales diffuses. CONCLUSION: La majorité des patients avec TCE vus au scanner à Kinshasa sont des traumatisés graves et présentent des LCEPC. Les hommes sont plus touchés que les femmes, la tranche de 20 ­ 40 ans est la plus concernée.

3.
Ann Endocrinol (Paris) ; 67(6): 596-603, 2006 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17194971

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Incidence of the hyperthyroidism is continuously increasing, whereas our knowledge concerning the facilitating or etiologic factors of this increase are still partial. To evaluate some of these unknown factors, we started this preliminary study, in order to identify HLA genes in hyperthyroid Congolese, and to determine their susceptibilty in the appearance and development of hyperthyroidism at the Hospital Clinic of Kinshasa. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine Congolese women with hyperthyroidism, and thirteen healthy controls (3 women and 10 men) were examined and compared for HLA-DR and HLA-DQ genes analyses, from August 2000 to August 2002. DRB1 and DQB1 alleles were identified, using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and immobilized sequence-specific oligonucleotide (SSO HLA-DRB1 and DQB1 test) probes assays. RESULTS: In the group with hyperthyroidism, three alleles (HLA-DR1, HLA-DR2, HLA-DR3) and an allele group (HLA-DR11,13,14) were found for DRB1 locus, while only one allele (HLA-DQB1*0602) was identified for DQB1 locus; allele group HLA-DR11,13,14 was the most frequent (allele frequency=0.50), followed by HLA-DR3 allele (allele frequency=0.222); 6 haplotypes were observed, with predominance of haplotype DR3/DR11,13,14 (genotype frequency=0.333), followed by haplotype DR11,13,14/DR11,13,14-DQB1*0602 (genotype frequency=0.222). In the group of healthy controls, three alleles (HLA-DR2, HLA-DR3, HLA-DR4) and an allele group (HLA-DR11,13,14) were identified for DRB1; HLA-DR2 allele was predominant (allele frequency=0.615), followed by allele group HLA-DR11,13,14 (allele frequency=0.231); a statistic significant difference was observed between the frequencies of DR2 allele and allele group DR11,13,14 in the healthy controls compared to those of hyperthyroid patients (p=0.02); 6 haplotypes were also detected in this group, the most frequent haplotype being HLA-DR2/DR2-DQB1*0602 (genotype frequency=0.540 versus 0.333 in the hyperthyroid group) (p=0.048). HLA-DQB1*0602 was dominant in the healthy controls group (allele frequency=0.890), versus HLA-DQB1*0302 (allele frequency=0.110). CONCLUSIONS: HLA-DR2, HLA-DQB1*0602 and DR2/DR2-DQB1*0.602 would play a protective role against the hyperthyroidism, while DR3 allele, allele group DR11,13,14 and haplotype HLA-DR3/DR11,13,14 would predispose to this disease or to Graves' exophtalmopathy. A large and profound study is needed to confirm our preliminary results.


Subject(s)
HLA-D Antigens/blood , Hyperthyroidism/immunology , Child , Democratic Republic of the Congo , Exophthalmos/blood , Exophthalmos/immunology , Graves Disease/blood , Graves Disease/immunology , Humans , Hyperthyroidism/blood , Hyperthyroidism/genetics , Male , Thyroxine/blood , Triiodothyronine/blood
4.
Acta Clin Belg ; 47(6): 401-7, 1992.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1337813

ABSTRACT

We report the case of a 42-year-old Zairian male who presented with paroxysmal attacks of hypertension accompanied by spontaneous recurrent hypothermia and profuse sweating of unknown origin. Routine and extensive examination failed to indicate a usual cause of arterial hypertension or for periodic hypothermia. Based on the hypothesis of an epileptic center influencing both the thermoregulatory and the vasomotor mechanisms, an anticonvulsant treatment was successfully installed. The present study makes a correlation between the present condition and certain neurologic abnormalities described in the literature.


Subject(s)
Epilepsy/complications , Hypertension/etiology , Hypothermia/etiology , Adult , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Epilepsy/diagnosis , Epilepsy/drug therapy , Humans , Hyperhidrosis/complications , Hypertension/drug therapy , Male
5.
Diabetes ; 35(8): 911-5, 1986 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3732632

ABSTRACT

Vitamin D metabolites and vitamin D-binding protein were measured in the serum of nonketotic Bantu and Caucasian insulin-requiring diabetic subjects from Zaire and Belgium, respectively. In Caucasian diabetics, whether untreated (N = 18) or insulin treated (N = 26), no abnormalities were found. The Bantu diabetics (N = 20) were more insulin-deficient and had a poorer glucose control than the Caucasians. They presented, compared with Bantu controls, a significant decrease in the serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (26 +/- 10 vs. 35 +/- 14 micrograms/L, P less than .01), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] (38 +/- 15 vs. 58 +/- 17 ng/L, P less than .001), and vitamin D-binding protein (303 +/- 55 vs. 356 +/- 41 mg/L, P less than .001). The decreased concentrations of vitamin D metabolites in the adult Bantu diabetic patients may be partly explained by a concomitant decrease in the concentration of vitamin D-binding protein, possibly due to insulin deficiency. The ratio between the molar concentrations of 1,25-(OH)2D3 and vitamin D-binding protein, used as an index of the free hormonal level, was also decreased, in association with a decreased serum calcium level. In conclusion, no abnormalities in vitamin D metabolism were found in Caucasian insulin-dependent diabetics, whereas low serum 1,25(OH)2D3 concentrations and hypocalcemia were found in poorly controlled Bantu diabetic subjects.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/blood , Vitamin D-Binding Protein/blood , Vitamin D/blood , Adult , Black People , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Vitamin D/metabolism , White People
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