ABSTRACT
The behaviour of sheared colloidal suspensions with full hydrodynamic interactions (HIs) is numerically studied. To this end, we use the hybrid stochastic rotation dynamics-molecular dynamics (SRD-MD) method. The shear viscosity of colloidal suspensions is computed for different volume fractions, both for dilute and concentrated cases. We verify that HIs help in the collisions and the streaming of colloidal particles, thereby increasing the overall shear viscosity of the suspension. Our results show a good agreement with known experimental, theoretical, and numerical studies. This work demonstrates the ability of SRD-MD to successfully simulate transport coefficients that require correct modelling of HIs.
Subject(s)
Mechanical Phenomena , Molecular Dynamics Simulation , Suspensions , Rotation , Stochastic Processes , Temperature , ViscosityABSTRACT
It is reported on the diagnosis of a gallstone ileus in a 73-year-old female patient. In an otherwise quiescent anamnesis an increasing vomiting has been since 10 days. The X-ray examination of the stomach with visotrast 370 resulted in the suspicion of a pyloric stenosis. By means of emergency gastroscopy an independent disease of stomach and duodenum was excluded, but in the duodenal bulb 2 gallstones of the size of a hazel-nut and a kernel of the hazel-nut with references to a cholecystoduodenal fistula were established. In this case the emergency gastroscopy resulted in the indication to the immediate operation on account of gallstone ileus with previously unclear symptomatology of an ileus. Additionally a nearly hen's egg-sized stone was removed aborally 30 cm from Treitz's fascicle.
Subject(s)
Cholelithiasis/diagnosis , Emergencies , Gastroscopy/methods , Intestinal Obstruction/diagnosis , Aged , Biliary Fistula/diagnosis , Duodenal Diseases/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Intestinal Fistula/diagnosisABSTRACT
By means of hepatological examinations of 119 blood donors who became conspicuous by liver screenings in 57 cases we could prove an adipose degeneration without, in 16 cases a fatty degeneration of the liver without, in 9 cases an adipose degeneration with and in 15 cases a fatty degeneration of the liver with mesenchymal reaction. Only 9 blood donors had normal liver findings. 90% of the punctured blood donors had an overweight up to a maximum of 35 kg in comparison to the ideal weight. 30% of the punctured patients admitted a clearly increased daily consumption of alcoholic beverages. By means of repeated punctures on 24 blood donors after 8 to 32 months after an adequate consultation in three cases a normalisation and in eight cases an improvement of the liver findings could be proved. In 13 cases the findings remained unchanged, also the anamnestic and clinical findings corresponded to this. In 2 blood donors by means of a threefold liver puncture in the observation period of 48 months also a clear retrogression of the liver findings was proved. With this was also connected the reduction of overweight and the avoiding of alcohol. Thus our investigations confirmed that overweight and abuse of alcohol are essential factors for the development of a fatty degeneration of the liver. Of an infectious hepatitis reported in the anamnesis in 10 blood donors histologically in no case residues were established. Thus the liver dispensary is of great importance for the care of blood donors who become conspicuous by screening tests. On the one hand the importance is referred to the blood donor himself, on the other hand to the group of donors. Blood donors taken out of the group could again be included in the special group, when after the exclusion of known noxae the retrogression of unspecific liver changes took place.
Subject(s)
Hepatitis B Antigens/analysis , Liver Diseases/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Alanine Transaminase/metabolism , Blood Donors , Fatty Liver/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Liver/pathology , Liver Diseases, Alcoholic/diagnosis , Male , Mass Screening , Middle Aged , Outpatient Clinics, Hospital , PuncturesABSTRACT
On the basis of a common care of patients with acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage by internists, surgeons, and anaesthetists lasting several years advantages and disadvantages of emergency endoscopy are analysed from the standpoint of effectivity. High diagnostic ability, help in the decision concerning operative or conservative activity, the influence of the operative-tactic approach and the furthering influence on the close cooperation of the specialities are to be emphasized. Criteria of effectivity, such as mortality rates, duration of the stay in the hospital and frequency of relapsing haemorrhages underlie many factors of influence. They express results of therapy, to which emergency endoscopy may at present contribute only limitedly. The basic decision to medical activity -- active striving for a rapid, exact diagnosis or waiting when the diagnosis is uncertain -- does not inessentially influence the standpoint in the controversy about the emergency endoscopy.
