ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: This in vitro study evaluated the effect of different colouring solutions and primer systems used in the bonding of brackets on enamel colour change and bond strength. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 120 premolar teeth were divided into four main groups; brackets were bonded with 37% orthophosphoric acid + Transbond XT Primer in Group 1, 3 M Single Bond Universal in Group 2, Transbond Plus SEP in Group 3, and G-Premio Bond in Group 4. Each group was divided into three subgroups, and the teeth were placed in a cup containing coffee and tea mixture, in a cup containing cola and in distilled water. A bond strength test was applied to all teeth. Colour measurements of all teeth were performed at 2 different times: before bonding and after the bond strength test. RESULTS: The average bond strength of the 37% orthophosphoric acid group was higher than that of the other groups. The effect of primer and solution groups on colour change was statistically significant (p = 0.001 and p = 0.023, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the bond strength was clinically sufficient in all primer groups. The highest colour change was observed when the tea-coffee solution and Transbond Plus SEP primer were used. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This study has identified enamel discoloration and bond strength from different colouring solutions and primer systems used for bonding braces, which can be used to inform clinicians and patients to achieve better treatment results.
Subject(s)
Bicuspid , Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate , Dental Bonding , Orthodontic Brackets , Resin Cements , Shear Strength , Humans , Dental Bonding/methods , In Vitro Techniques , Resin Cements/chemistry , Color , Coloring Agents , Materials Testing , Dental Enamel/chemistry , Dental Stress Analysis , Phosphoric Acids/chemistry , Surface Properties , Tea/chemistry , Acid Etching, DentalABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of flash-free and conventional adhesive brackets and different finishing techniques on enamel discoloration. Methods: Forty human premolar teeth were utilized and randomly divided into four groups based on the type of brackets and finishing technique: (1) Gemini® brackets were used for orthodontic bonding. After debanding, adhesive remnants were cleaned using a 12-blade tungsten carbide bur. (2) Gemini® suspenders were used for orthodontic bonding. After debanding the brackets, adhesive remnants were cleaned using12-blade APC™ Flash-Free brackets were used for orthodontic bonding. After debanding, adhesive remnants were cleaned a 12-blade tungsten carbide bur and polished with Sof-Lex disks. (4) APC™ Flash-Free brackets were used for orthodontic bonding. After debanding, the adhesive remnants were cleaned using a 12-blade tungsten carbide bur. A Vita Easyshade spectrophotometer was used to measure the color change values of the 40 teeth. Results: The color change of the enamel surface in the Flash Free bracket group was significantly less than that in the conventional groups (p=0.003 pË0.05). The mean ΔE values obtained from the Sof-Lex groups were lower than those obtained from the groups without Sof-Lex, but these results were not statistically significant (p=0.280 p>0.05). Conclusion: It is recommended to use Flash-Free brackets and polish with Sof-Lex disk following the clean-up procedures to minimize the possibility of discoloration of the teeth during orthodontic treatment.
