ABSTRACT
The current study mainly concentrates on the photocatalytic activity of composite nanomaterial of BiVO4 (BVO), NiFe2O4 (NFO), and BiVO4-NiFe2O4 (BVO-NFO) under visible light. Among these, BVO-NFO composite degrades crystal violet dye within 60 min with a percentage degradation of 95.65% under visible light illumination. The BVO-NFO composite exhibits better photodegradation performance, which can be attributed to the effective light absorption and reduced recombination of the photoexcited charge carriers. Additionally, by applying a magnetic field, the BVO-NFO composite can be magnetically recovered by using the magnet for subsequent recycling. The synthesized composite was characterized using optical techniques like X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The effect of dye, before and after degradation, on vital organs of fish species was examined such as fish gill (pulmonary-toxicity), fish liver (hepato-toxicity), fish kidney (renal toxicity), fish brain (neural toxicity), and fish muscle (myopathy). This work offers a clear and practical method for designing a highly crystalline semiconductor photocatalyst for dye degradation and the remediation of industrial wastewater.
ABSTRACT
(E)-Ethyl 2-cyano-3-(4'-(diphenyl amino)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl) acrylate (RSJ) is a novel luminogen based on triphenylamine. It has been fully synthesized and characterized, exhibiting an incredible photophysical phenomenon known as aggregation-induced emission (AIE). This work describes a fluorescent sensor that detects vitamin B2 in mixed aqueous media with high selectivity and a low limit of detection as well as a mechanism for reversible mechanochromic luminescence. Moreover, the molecule was validated for its nontoxicity in water using a histotoxicological study. Fish subjected to two different concentrations of the "novel luminogen" that displayed photophysical phenomena during sensing of vitamin B2 (riboflavin) in mixed aqueous media did not exhibit any significant differences in the structural makeup of their liver, kidney, gills, brain, and muscle tissues when compared with the control group.
Subject(s)
Riboflavin , Water , Animals , Riboflavin/chemistry , Water/chemistry , Fluorescent Dyes/chemistry , AminesABSTRACT
A newly synthesized AIEgen based on triphenylamine is fully characterized and coded as BRA for the simultaneous and discriminatory selective detection of Hg2+ and Ag+ ions directly in mixed aqueous media for the identification and purification of water with a low detection limit. Moreover, we employed BRA in histotoxicity in that when compared to the control group, fish exposed to the "novel synthesized luminogen (BRA)" that demonstrated photophysical phenomena during the "sensing of mercury and silver (heavy metals) in aqueous media" did not show any major distinguishing changes in the architecture of their gills, liver, muscle, brain, kidney, and heart tissues.
ABSTRACT
In this article, we present the synthesis of calcium sulfate nanoparticles (CaSO4 NPs) from waste chalk powder by the calcination method. These CaSO4 NPs were utilized for the construction of a mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride-calcium sulfate (mpg-C3N4-CaSO4) photocatalyst. Synthesized materials were confirmed by several characterization techniques. The photocatalytic performance of the synthesized samples was tested by the degradation of methylene blue (MB) in the presence of both UV-vis light and sunlight. The efficiency of photocatalytic degradation of MB dye using the optimized mpg-C3N4-CaSO4-2 composite reached 91% within 90 min in the presence of UV-vis light with superb photostability and recyclability after five runs compared to individual mpg-C3N4 and CaSO4 NPs and reached 95% within 120 min under sunlight. Histotoxicological studies on fish liver and ovary indicated that the dye containing the solution damaged the structure of the liver and ovary tissues, whereas the photodegraded solution of MB was found to be less toxic and caused negligible alterations in their typical structure similar to the control group.
ABSTRACT
The waste of tungsten filament materials in the environment is one of the reasons for environmental pollution, and it is very dangerous to animals and plants. To date, not much attention has been given to its utility or recyclability. Herein, the present work reported the synthesis of tungsten trioxide nanoparticles (WO3 NPs) by the utilization of cost-free waste tungsten filament by a simple calcination method. A mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride-tungsten trioxide (mpg-C3N4-WO3) composite designed from the WO3 NPs produced from tungsten filament waste and thiourea as a carbon and nitrogen precursor by a one-step calcination method. The synthesized samples were characterized and confirmed by different characterization techniques. The photocatalytic behavior of the synthesized mpg-C3N4-WO3 composite was assessed, with respect to the effect of initial pH, amount of photocatalyst, dye concentration, and reaction time, as well for the degradation of Methylene Blue (MB) dye under sunlight. The best photocatalytic performance (92%) was achieved using mpg-C3N4-WO3 with experimental condition ([photocatalyst] = 100 mg/L, [MB]0 = 10 mg/L, pH 8, and time = 120 min) under sunlight irradiation with excellent photostability than that of isolated mpg-C3N4 and WO3 NPs. The histotoxicological studies also showed that the photodegraded products of MB were found to be nontoxic and did not structurally changes in the gill architecture as well as brain tissues of freshwater fish Labeo rohita.
