Federated Multi-Label Learning (FMLL): Innovative Method for Classification Tasks in Animal Science.

Federated learning is a collaborative machine learning paradigm where multiple parties jointly train a predictive model while keeping their data. On the other hand, multi-label learning deals with classification tasks where instances may simultaneously belong to multiple classes. This study introduces the concept of Federated Multi-Label Learning (FMLL), combining these two important approaches. The proposed approach leverages federated learning principles to address multi-label classification tasks. Specifically, it adopts the Binary Relevance (BR) strategy to handle the multi-label nature of the data and employs the Reduced-Error Pruning Tree (REPTree) as the base classifier. The effectiveness of the FMLL method was demonstrated by experiments carried out on three diverse datasets within the context of animal science: Amphibians, Anuran-Calls-(MFCCs), and HackerEarth-Adopt-A-Buddy. The accuracy rates achieved across these animal datasets were 73.24%, 94.50%, and 86.12%, respectively. Compared to state-of-the-art methods, FMLL exhibited remarkable improvements (above 10%) in average accuracy, precision, recall, and F-score metrics.

Machine Learning Model Development to Predict Power Outage Duration (POD): A Case Study for Electric Utilities.

In the face of increasing climate variability and the complexities of modern power grids, managing power outages in electric utilities has emerged as a critical challenge. This paper introduces a novel predictive model employing machine learning algorithms, including decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), k-nearest neighbors (KNN), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost). Leveraging historical sensors-based and non-sensors-based outage data from a Turkish electric utility company, the model demonstrates adaptability to diverse grid structures, considers meteorological and non-meteorological outage causes, and provides real-time feedback to customers to effectively address the problem of power outage duration. Using the XGBoost algorithm with the minimum redundancy maximum relevance (MRMR) feature selection attained 98.433% accuracy in predicting outage durations, better than the state-of-the-art methods showing 85.511% accuracy on average over various datasets, a 12.922% improvement. This paper contributes a practical solution to enhance outage management and customer communication, showcasing the potential of machine learning to transform electric utility responses and improve grid resilience and reliability.

A Novel Classification Method: Neighborhood-Based Positive Unlabeled Learning Using Decision Tree (NPULUD).

In a standard binary supervised classification task, the existence of both negative and positive samples in the training dataset are required to construct a classification model. However, this condition is not met in certain applications where only one class of samples is obtainable. To overcome this problem, a different classification method, which learns from positive and unlabeled (PU) data, must be incorporated. In this study, a novel method is presented: neighborhood-based positive unlabeled learning using decision tree (NPULUD). First, NPULUD uses the nearest neighborhood approach for the PU strategy and then employs a decision tree algorithm for the classification task by utilizing the entropy measure. Entropy played a pivotal role in assessing the level of uncertainty in the training dataset, as a decision tree was developed with the purpose of classification. Through experiments, we validated our method over 24 real-world datasets. The proposed method attained an average accuracy of 87.24%, while the traditional supervised learning approach obtained an average accuracy of 83.99% on the datasets. Additionally, it is also demonstrated that our method obtained a statistically notable enhancement (7.74%), with respect to state-of-the-art peers, on average.

Machine learning for fault analysis in rotating machinery: A comprehensive review.

As the concept of Industry 4.0 is introduced, artificial intelligence-based fault analysis is attracted the corresponding community to develop effective intelligent fault diagnosis and prognosis (IFDP) models for rotating machinery. Hence, various challenges arise regarding model assessment, suitability for real-world applications, fault-specific model development, compound fault existence, domain adaptability, data source, data acquisition, data fusion, algorithm selection, and optimization. It is essential to resolve those challenges for each component of the rotating machinery since each issue of each part has a unique impact on the vital indicators of a machine. Based on these major obstacles, this study proposes a comprehensive review regarding IFDP procedures of rotating machinery by minding all the challenges given above for the first time. In this study, the developed IFDP approaches are reviewed regarding the pursued fault analysis strategies, considered data sources, data types, data fusion techniques, machine learning techniques within the frame of the fault type, and compound faults that occurred in components such as bearings, gear, rotor, stator, shaft, and other parts. The challenges and future directions are presented from the perspective of recent literature and the necessities concerning the IFDP of rotating machinery.

Multi-Objective Multi-Instance Learning: A New Approach to Machine Learning for eSports.

The aim of this study is to develop a new approach to be able to correctly predict the outcome of electronic sports (eSports) matches using machine learning methods. Previous research has emphasized player-centric prediction and has used standard (single-instance) classification techniques. However, a team-centric classification is required since team cooperation is essential in completing game missions and achieving final success. To bridge this gap, in this study, we propose a new approach, called Multi-Objective Multi-Instance Learning (MOMIL). It is the first study that applies the multi-instance learning technique to make win predictions in eSports. The proposed approach jointly considers the objectives of the players in a team to capture relationships between players during the classification. In this study, entropy was used as a measure to determine the impurity (uncertainty) of the training dataset when building decision trees for classification. The experiments that were carried out on a publicly available eSports dataset show that the proposed multi-objective multi-instance classification approach outperforms the standard classification approach in terms of accuracy. Unlike the previous studies, we built the models on season-based data. Our approach is up to 95% accurate for win prediction in eSports. Our method achieved higher performance than the state-of-the-art methods tested on the same dataset.

Shelf Auditing Based on Image Classification Using Semi-Supervised Deep Learning to Increase On-Shelf Availability in Grocery Stores.

Providing high on-shelf availability (OSA) is a key factor to increase profits in grocery stores. Recently, there has been growing interest in computer vision approaches to monitor OSA. However, the largest and well-known computer vision datasets do not provide annotation for store products, and therefore, a huge effort is needed to manually label products on images. To tackle the annotation problem, this paper proposes a new method that combines two concepts "semi-supervised learning" and "on-shelf availability" (SOSA) for the first time. Moreover, it is the first time that "You Only Look Once" (YOLOv4) deep learning architecture is used to monitor OSA. Furthermore, this paper provides the first demonstration of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) on OSA. It presents a new software application, called SOSA XAI, with its capabilities and advantages. In the experimental studies, the effectiveness of the proposed SOSA method was verified on image datasets, with different ratios of labeled samples varying from 20% to 80%. The experimental results show that the proposed approach outperforms the existing approaches (RetinaNet and YOLOv3) in terms of accuracy.