ABSTRACT
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic disorder caused by dystrophin protein deficiency. Muscle biopsy is the gold standard to determine the disease severity and progression. MRI has shown potential for monitoring disease progression or assessing the treatment effectiveness. In this study, multiple quantitative MRI parameters were used to classify the tissue components in a canine model of DMD disease using histoimmunochemistry analysis as a "ground truth". Results show that multiple MRI parameters may be used to reliably classify the muscular tissue and generate a high-resolution tissue type maps, which can be used as potential non-invasive imaging biomarkers for the DMD.
Subject(s)
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne , Animals , Biomarkers , Disease Progression , Dogs , Dystrophin , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Muscle, SkeletalABSTRACT
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal X-linked disorder. Therapeutic assessments currently require muscle biopsy to ascertain information about the status of disease progression. MRI shows potential to be used in place of muscle biopsy for therapeutic assessments. In this work, localized histological data and various MRI parameters were correlated in a canine model of DMD. The results indicate several MRI parameters may be useful as biomarkers of disease progression.
Subject(s)
Histocytochemistry/methods , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Muscle, Skeletal/diagnostic imaging , Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/diagnostic imaging , Animals , Biomarkers , Disease Progression , Dogs , Muscle, Skeletal/pathology , Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/pathologyABSTRACT
The schistosome Heterobilharzia americana infects dogs, raccoons, and other mammals in the southeastern United States. Migration of eggs into the liver results in parasitic granulomas with varying degrees of fibrosis and inflammation. Recently, hepatic parasitic granulomas in horses were shown to be caused by H. americana infection. In the present study, samples of liver from 11 of 12 horses with hepatic granulomas identified at necropsy (n = 11) or surgical biopsy (n = 1) were used for DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction amplification and sequencing using primers specific for a portion of the H. americana small subunit ribosomal RNA gene. A polymerase chain reaction amplicon of the correct size was produced from the extracted DNA in 8 of the 11 horses. Amplicons from 5 of the 8 positive horses were sequenced and had 100% identity with H. americana. In all but 2 of the 12 horses, Heterobilharzia was not responsible for the primary clinical disease, and the hepatic granulomas were considered an incidental finding.
Subject(s)
Granuloma/pathology , Horse Diseases/parasitology , Liver/pathology , Schistosomatidae/genetics , Trematode Infections/veterinary , Animals , Base Sequence , DNA Primers/genetics , Granuloma/parasitology , Horse Diseases/pathology , Horses , Liver/parasitology , Molecular Sequence Data , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary , RNA, Ribosomal/genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNA/veterinary , Texas , Trematode Infections/pathologySubject(s)
Antigen-Antibody Reactions , Burkitt Lymphoma/immunology , Simplexvirus/immunology , Viruses/immunology , Adolescent , Animals , Child , Child, Preschool , Complement Fixation Tests , Cricetinae , Culture Techniques , Female , Guinea Pigs , Humans , Immune Sera , Infant , Kidney/cytology , Male , Primates , RabbitsABSTRACT
The murine leukemia viruses of Rauscher and Friend, derived from plasnma of infected Balb/c mice, was purified. Their antigenic relationship was studied by quantitative complement-fixation reactions with the virion antigen and homologous antiserums. The complement-fixation curves observed in cross-reactions indicated close antigenic similarity between these two leukemia viruses. Highly purified viral preparations contained detectable amounts of host antigens.
