[The frosted retinal vascular branch syndrome]. / Syndrom omrzlých vetví retinálních cév.

In January 2002, thirty-eight years old healthy man with unusual clinical signs of vasculitis was examined in the Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Uveitis in our Department of Ophthalmology. The patient had a flu-like disease one month before the signs of the eye disease started. In the beginning of the disease, the visual acuity (VA) was 6/12 (20/40 or 0.5) for distance and Jaeger 8 for near and 6/6 (20/20 or 1.0) and Jaeger 1 respectively. The clinical appearance was similar to this of frosted branch angiitis. The thorough medical examination did not discover link between vasculitis and any systemic disease. Serologic examination discovered positivity of IgG immunoglobulin antibody against cytomegalovirus (CMV) only. The intraocular fluid sampling to confirm CMV antibody presence was denied by the patient. After starting the treatment with gancyclovirus and corticosteroids, the considerable improvement of clinical signs of the frosted branch angiitis was noticed. VA improved after five days of treatment. During one-year follow-up, neither recurrence of vasculitis nor the decline of VA of both eyes was marked. In Czech ophthalmologic literature, we did not find any article referring to frosted branch angiitis, so we took the liberty of offering the Czech term "syndrom omrzlých vetví retinálních cév".

[Keratoplasty in children]. / Keratoplastika u detí.

The authors report anatomical and functional results of 24 keratoplasties in children aged 7 months to 15 years, incl. analysis of peroperative and postoperative complications. A total of 24 keratoplastics were performed on 20 eyes of 20 children. The mean follow up period was 2.1 years. Nineteen times the first operation was involved, three times the first, twice the second rekeratoplasty. The most frequent postoperative complication was an immunological reaction of the disk which occurred in 33%. It caused turbidity of five disks. After keratoplasty 11 disks remained transparent (45.8%), 10 disks became turbid (41.7%) and three disks semitransparent (12.5%). A visual acuity of 6/12 or better was recorded in 7 eyes (39%) and 6/60 and better in 6 eyes (30%). The cause of reduced visual acuity beneath 6/12 with a clear disk was in three instances amblyopia, in one case nystagmus.

[Retropupillary intraocular correction in traumatic cataract]. / Retropupilární nitroocní korekce u traumatické katarakty.

In 10 eyes with traumatic cataract (in eight eyes after perforating injuries, in two after blunt trauma) in patients from 5 1/2 to 58 years of age extracapsular extraction with retropupillar lens implantation was performed. At the same time in one patient a keratoplasty, in another a iridoplasty was performed. There were no intraoperative complications, in the postoperative course a decentration of the intraocular lens was seen two times, once secondary glaucoma and once secondary cataract. Both latter complications were cured with Nd:YAG laser. In 8 patients visual acuity was good, in one reduced for chorioretinal complications of the injury, in one for unknown reasons. In 2 from the 5 operated children transient alternations of binocular vision appeared.

Dynamics of eye fundus changes in two types of experimental brain oedema.

During the experimentally induced cerebral oedema and intracranial hypertension the eye fundus changes have been evaluated in generally anaesthetized rats. Cerebral oedema was caused either by means of an osmotic or cryogenic method. Dynamics of the observed ocular changes were indirectly correlated with the origin, development and regression of the cerebral oedema caused by both different etiologic factors.