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1.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 36(6): 479-484, jun. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: lil-792617

ABSTRACT

The stable fly Stomoxys calcitrans (Linnaeus, 1758) has been described as a potential spreader of infectious agents to cattle herds. Among the agents transmitted by this fly, Escherichia coli has attracted attention due to its potential to cause gastrointestinal disorders as well as environmental mastitis in dairy cows. Therefore, the aim of this study was to isolate and to assess the genetic diversity and the clonal relatedness among E. coli isolates from the milk of dairy mastitis and from stable flies anatomical sites by the Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) technique. The molecular typing revealed a high degree of genetic polymorphism suggesting that these microorganisms have a non-clonal origin. Identical electrophoretic profiles were observed between E. coli isolates from different flies, different mammary quarters of the same cow and from cows on a single farm. These results reveal the circulation of the same bacterial lineages and suggest the role of the stable fly in bacterial dispersion. Considering the high pathogenic potential of this bacterial species, our findings alert to a more effective health surveillance.(AU)


A mosca dos estábulos Stomoxys calcitrans é descrita como um importante dispersor de agentes infecciosos aos bovinos. Dentre os agentes veiculados por esta mosca a bactéria Escherichia coli ganha relevância devido ao seu potencial em desenvolver alterações gastroentéricas, bem como mastite bovina ambiental. Desta forma, objetiva-se com este estudo isolar e acessar a diversidade genética e relação de clonalidade entre isolados de E. coli provenientes de casos de mastite e de moscas dos estábulos utilizando a técnica da Amplificação Randômica do DNA Polimórfico (RAPD). A tipagem molecular revelou elevado polimorfismo genético sugerindo que esses microrganismos têm origem não clonal. Perfis eletroforéticos idênticos entre si foram observados entre amostras isoladas de diferentes moscas, quartos mamários de uma mesma vaca, bem como de diferentes vacas dentro de uma mesma propriedade. Esses resultados revelam a circulação de uma mesma linhagem bacteriana e sugerem o papel da Stomoxys calcitrans na dispersão bacteriana. Considerando o elevado potencial patogênico dessa espécie bacteriana, nossos achados alertam para uma vigilância sanitária mais efetiva.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Mastitis, Bovine/diagnosis , Milk/microbiology , Muscidae/microbiology , Cattle/microbiology , Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique/veterinary
2.
Ann N Y Acad Sci ; 1149: 384-7, 2008 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19120256

ABSTRACT

Stomoxys calcitrans control is primarily based on the use of chemical products; however, new methods for control have been investigated. Biological control has been proposed as a promising alternative to traditional chemicals. The current study evaluated three methods in vitro to treat S. calcitrans eggs with the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae and assessed the virulence of this fungus to immature stages of this fly. In the first method of egg exposure, eggs were immersed in conidial suspensions and transferred to Petri plates with high humidity. A high mortality was observed in both treated and control groups. In the second method, the eggs were transferred to rearing medium right after immersion in conidial suspensions; the suspensions with highest conidial concentrations, 10(7) and 10(8) conidia mL(-1), caused 96.25% and 100% mortality, respectively. In the third method, the eggs were sprayed with conidial suspensions on the rearing medium. A high mortality was observed at 10(7) and 10(8) conidia mL(-1), 78.3% and 100%, respectively. The second method had the lowest mortality in the control group and was considered the most useful method for evaluating the effect of entomopathogenic fungi on S. calcitrans eggs. While eggs were very susceptible to M. anisopliae infection, larvae and pupae were not.


Subject(s)
Metarhizium/physiology , Muscidae/microbiology , Ovum , Animals , Virulence
3.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 16(4): 193-197, out.-dez. 2007. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-618360

ABSTRACT

The stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, has a great importance in medical and veterinary health due to its feeding and reproductive habits, which can disseminate some pathogenic agents among hosts even at long distances. This study aimed to describe, for the first time in Brazil, the bacterial microbiota in segments of the stable fly. Bacterial species were isolated from three different segments (cuticle, mouth parts and abdominal alimentary tract) of the stable fly. Twenty dairy farms were visited in four municipalities: Barra Mansa, Quatis, Resende and Rio Claro in the State of Rio de Janeiro in order to collect 20 flies in each site. Dissection of the flies and procedures of isolation and identification of bacterial species were performed. A total of 161 colonies of 33 distinct species were isolated, such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and S. intermedius. Stomoxys calcitrans may harbor bacterial agents on their cuticle, mouth parts and abdominal alimentary tract and these bacteria may be pathogenic to their hosts.


A mosca dos estábulos, Stomoxys calcitrans, possui grande importância médica e veterinária devido a seus hábitos alimentares e reprodutivos, visto que pode disseminar agentes patogênicos para hospedeiros, mesmo a longas distâncias. Esse estudo teve por objetivo, pela primeira vez no Brasil, descrever a microbiota bacteriana de segmentos da mosca dos estábulos. As espécies bacterianas foram isoladas de três diferentes segmentos (superfície externa, aparelho bucal e trato digestivo abdominal) de S. calcitrans. Foram visitadas 20 fazendas leiteiras em quatro municípios: Barra Mansa, Quatis, Resende e Rio Claro no Estado do Rio de Janeiro para coletar 20 moscas em cada uma delas. A dissecção das moscas e os procedimentos de isolamento e identificação bacteriana foram realizados. Um total de 161 colônias de 33 espécies distintas foi isolado, dentre elas Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus e S. intermedius. Stomoxys calcitrans pode veicular agentes bacterianos presentes na superfície externa, aparelho bucal e trato digestivo abdominal e essas bacterias possuem potencial patogênico a diversos hospedeiros deste muscídeo.


Subject(s)
Animals , Bacteria, Aerobic/isolation & purification , Muscidae/microbiology , Brazil
4.
Rev Bras Parasitol Vet ; 16(4): 193-7, 2007.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18373894

ABSTRACT

The stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, has a great importance in medical and veterinary health due to its feeding and reproductive habits, which can disseminate some pathogenic agents among hosts even at long distances. This study aimed to describe, for the first time in Brazil, the bacterial microbiota in segments of the stable fly. Bacterial species were isolated from three different segments (cuticle, mouth parts and abdominal alimentary tract) of the stable fly. Twenty dairy farms were visited in four municipalities: Barra Mansa, Quatis, Resende and Rio Claro in the State of Rio de Janeiro in order to collect 20 flies in each site. Dissection of the flies and procedures of isolation and identification of bacterial species were performed. A total of 161 colonies of 33 distinct species were isolated, such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and S. intermedius. Stomoxys calcitrans may harbor bacterial agents on their cuticle, mouth parts and abdominal alimentary tract and these bacteria may be pathogenic to their hosts.


Subject(s)
Bacteria, Aerobic/isolation & purification , Muscidae/microbiology , Animals , Brazil
5.
Ann N Y Acad Sci ; 1026: 219-21, 2004 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15604496

ABSTRACT

The stable fly has been of great significance to livestock production in the county of Espirito Santo do Pinhal; it has a painful bite, sucks blood, and carries many diseases. The aim of this study was to establish a relationship between the parasitism of Stomoxys calcitrans, manure management, cattle diseases, and technical support. According to the farmers the stable fly reaches its highest level in the rainy season, the same period in which diseases were detected. Most of the farmers said that they did not receive technical assistance. The association of inappropriate manure management, verified in this survey, with the low frequency of technical visits, resulted in a low level of technology utilization. Better technological assistance could moderate the stable fly infestation and help manage serious cattle diseases.


Subject(s)
Animal Husbandry , Cattle Diseases/parasitology , Muscidae/pathogenicity , Animals , Brazil , Cattle , Female , Manure , Population Dynamics , Risk Factors , Seasons
6.
Parasitol. día ; 24(3/4): 119-22, jul-dic. 2000. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-282233

ABSTRACT

Fazendo parte de um trabalho de sazonalidade, desenvolvido com eqüinos no município de Espirito Santo do Pinhal -SP- Brasil, avaliou-se a quantidade de moscas presentes no corpo de eqüino, bem como a sua distribuiÇão nas diferentes regiões zootécnicas. Verificou-se que as moscas picavam e sugavam o sangue principalmente nos membros torácicos, onde se obtiveram os percentuais mais elevados (13,9/S= 6,5). quando comparados às demais áreas do corpo. Quando se consideravam os membros torácicos, as moscas picavam principalmente nas regiões abaixo dos joelhos, se concentrando principalmente na canela, Isto pode ser devido a dificuldade em mover os membros torácicos, que suportam a maior parte do peso corporal dos animais, e devido ao fato de que o reflexo cutâneo, não atinge de modo eficaz as área abaixo dos joelhos


Subject(s)
Humans , Horse Diseases/etiology , Muscidae/pathogenicity , Insect Bites and Stings , Pelvis , Thorax
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