ABSTRACT
An evaluation of the end results of combined treatment for osteogenic sarcoma by standard chemoradiotherapy (n = 66) and novel thermochemical therapy (n = 108) using local ultrasound hyperthermia (total number--174) demonstrated their dependence on the temperature range in target tumor tissues. Use of subhypertemperatures of 39--41-45 deg.C (TTD--36 Gy) did not improve the results of treatment. However, 41-45 deg.C (TTD--36 Gy) was followed by a significant increase in 3- and 5-year survival and improved quality of life in cured patients as compared with those receiving standard radiotherapy (TTD--60-110 Gy). Hyperthermic therapeutic effect in osteogenic sarcoma depends on certain conditions. Effective temperatures can generally be reached in patients with relatively large-size tumors and rather thin coats of subcutaneous fat.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Bone Neoplasms/drug therapy , Bone Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Hyperthermia, Induced/methods , Osteosarcoma/drug therapy , Osteosarcoma/radiotherapy , Ultrasonography, Interventional , Adolescent , Bone Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Bone Neoplasms/pathology , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Child , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Osteosarcoma/diagnostic imaging , Osteosarcoma/pathology , Quality of Life , Radiotherapy, Adjuvant , Survival Analysis , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
The paper deals with the experience gained in carrying out rehabilitative surgery in 33 infant patients (37 operations) with bone sarcoma within 12 months to 12 years after combined treatment of primary tumor. Twenty-two operations using procedures of compression-distraction osteosynthesis were performed in 18 patients for post-surgery development of bone deformities and shorter limbs. shortening. Advantages of compression-distraction procedures are discussed since their application allows to make incisions and remove bone in areas outside the zone of radiation injury and permanent monitoring of exposed soft tissue condition. Twenty-two infants survived 5 years after orthopedic treatment. Four children died from metastases into the lungs 1-4 years after orthopedic rehabilitation.
Subject(s)
Bone Neoplasms/rehabilitation , Sarcoma/rehabilitation , Adolescent , Bone Neoplasms/mortality , Child , Child, Preschool , Combined Modality Therapy , Female , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/mortality , Lung Neoplasms/secondary , Male , Orthopedics , Postoperative Complications/mortality , Postoperative Complications/rehabilitation , Sarcoma/mortality , Time FactorsABSTRACT
The report is based on the data concerning 27 children who were given radiotherapy and chemotherapy for osteogenic sarcomas (14), Ewing's sarcomas and reticulosarcoma (10) and malignant giant cell tumours (2). The reconstructive conservative treatment (7 patients) were referred for prevention of contractures and fractures. The orthopaedic surgical correction of the appearing false joints, deformations and defects of the bones (20 patients) was performed 4 to 5 years after the termination of the primary treatment. During the reconstructive period 3 patients with malignant giant cell tumours and osteogenic sarcoma died because of metastases. The authors have made a conclusion about the advantage of extrafocal compression and distraction osteosynthesis over other methods of fixation and correction of deformations in children after the treatment of malignant bone tumours.
Subject(s)
Bone Neoplasms/rehabilitation , Bone Transplantation/methods , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/rehabilitation , Osteosarcoma/rehabilitation , Sarcoma, Ewing/rehabilitation , Adolescent , Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/administration & dosage , Bone Neoplasms/surgery , Child , Child, Preschool , Combined Modality Therapy , Humans , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/surgery , Male , Osteosarcoma/surgery , Preoperative Care , Radiotherapy Dosage , Sarcoma, Ewing/surgeryABSTRACT
Initial immunologic status in children suffering osteogenic sarcoma was retrospectively evaluated versus such parameters as site and extent of tumor, and clinical course. A complex of disorders in the immunologic system was established in osteogenic sarcoma patients. Such characteristics as levels of active, theophylline--sensitive and levamisole--reactivated T-cells were found clinically valuable and prognostically significant. These parameters may betray response of high- and low-affinity E-receptors of lymphocytes to serum factors of tumor growth.
Subject(s)
Bone Neoplasms/immunology , Osteosarcoma/immunology , Adolescent , Bone Neoplasms/diagnosis , Child , Child, Preschool , Femoral Neoplasms/immunology , Humans , Humerus , Neoplasm Metastasis , Osteosarcoma/diagnosis , Prognosis , T-Lymphocytes/immunology , T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology , TibiaABSTRACT
The paper is concerned with immunological evaluation of different stages of combined therapy with local UHF hyperthermia in children with osteogenic sarcoma. Combined therapy (polychemo- and radiotherapy) was shown to cause a decrease in the number of immunocompetent cells, to enhance imbalance of immunoregulatory T-lymphocytes, to weaken T-lymphocyte function on PHA; immunosuppressive action of combined therapy did not depend on a tumor site. The incorporation of UHF-hyperthermia in the therapeutic scheme weakened the manifestations of secondary immunodeficiency, got back to normal the structure of T-lymphocyte population. A favorable immunomodulating effect of hyperthermia was more frequently observed in patients with crural bone tumors. The effect of hyperthermia was revealed after direct influence of thermotherapy but it was absent in continuation of combined treatment.
Subject(s)
Bone Neoplasms/therapy , Hyperthermia, Induced/methods , Microwaves/therapeutic use , Osteosarcoma/therapy , Adolescent , Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/therapeutic use , Bone Neoplasms/immunology , Child , Child, Preschool , Combined Modality Therapy/methods , Humans , Osteosarcoma/immunology , Radiography , Radioisotope Teletherapy , Radiotherapy Dosage , T-Lymphocytes/diagnostic imaging , T-Lymphocytes/drug effects , T-Lymphocytes/immunology , Time FactorsABSTRACT
The authors present their results of combined treatment of 85 patients with osteogenic sarcoma. The results are analysed according to the method of treatment in 3 groups of the patients who had been administered different total focus doses acting on the tumour. Besides chemical and radial therapy and surgical treatment local UHF-hyperthermia was used as a modifier in the complex of therapeutic measures. It has been demonstrated that the use of local UHF-hyperthermia does not increase the risk of metastatic spreading, allows to reduce the radiation dose and by influencing the primary tumour contributes to better treatment results.
Subject(s)
Bone Neoplasms/therapy , Hyperthermia, Induced , Osteosarcoma/therapy , Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/administration & dosage , Combined Modality Therapy , Humans , Radioisotope TeletherapyABSTRACT
The extent of metastatic spread and the life span depend on the level of nonspecific resistance of the body of patients with osteogenic sarcoma. Chemoradiation therapy reduces antitumoral resistance of patients, and the use of local UHF hyperthermia prevents this negative effect of complex treatment.
Subject(s)
Hyperthermia, Induced , Osteosarcoma/immunology , Preoperative Care/methods , Adolescent , Adult , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/therapeutic use , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Child , Combined Modality Therapy , Drug Therapy, Combination/therapeutic use , Humans , Immunity, Innate/drug effects , Immunity, Innate/radiation effects , Lung Neoplasms/immunology , Lung Neoplasms/mortality , Lung Neoplasms/secondary , Lung Neoplasms/therapy , Osteosarcoma/mortality , Osteosarcoma/therapy , Radiotherapy DosageABSTRACT
The authors described methods developed by them for measuring heat production in autopsy sections by taking pulse thermograms during local capacitative healing of tissues using special electrode devices filled in with liquid dielectric. Thermograms of heat production distribution on limb sections were shown. Qualitative peculiarities of heat production distribution determined by tissue topological structure, were analysed.
Subject(s)
Diathermy , Leg , Thermography , HumansABSTRACT
A study was made of the time course of the level of metronidazole in the blood and tissues of 97 patients with localized osteogenic sarcoma in several modes of the drug administration (per os, using an enema and their combinations). The maximum drug concentration in the blood was achieved with the combined mode of the drug administration at a dose of 8 g/m2, enhancing local and general effects on a tumor, manifesting themselves in the reduction of sizes of a tumor, its morphological changes and an increase in the average period of metastasis detection. The 3-year survival rates showed no significant differences between groups of patients receiving and not receiving metronidazole.
Subject(s)
Metronidazole/analysis , Osteosarcoma/analysis , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Combined Modality Therapy , Humans , Kinetics , Metronidazole/administration & dosage , Metronidazole/metabolism , Middle Aged , Osteosarcoma/metabolism , Osteosarcoma/mortality , Osteosarcoma/therapy , Preoperative Care , Radiotherapy Dosage , Time Factors , Tissue DistributionABSTRACT
The authors presented their first results of tumor cell cloning in 48 patients with malignant bone tumors. Colony growth was observed in 32 patients. Colony formation efficacy, expressed in the number of grown colonies per 10(5) tumor cells incubated in the culture, varied greatly (from 0.4 to 90.7) in different patients. Rather a high colony forming capacity of tumor cells was prognostically unfavorable. Tumor cells in the patients with malignant bone tumors were characterized by a low proliferative activity: the ratio of DNA-synthesizing cells evaluated by immunofluorescence or flow cytometry in 14 examinees was an average of 3.3% varying in different patients from 0 to 8.0%. No distinct correlation between tumor cell colony forming capacity and proliferative activity was revealed in the patients.
Subject(s)
Bone Neoplasms/pathology , Clone Cells , Osteosarcoma/pathology , Sarcoma, Ewing/pathology , Adolescent , Adult , Bone Neoplasms/metabolism , Bone Neoplasms/secondary , Child , Child, Preschool , Culture Media , DNA, Neoplasm/biosynthesis , Flow Cytometry , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Humans , Middle Aged , Osteosarcoma/metabolism , Prognosis , Sarcoma, Ewing/metabolismSubject(s)
Acid Phosphatase/metabolism , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Bone Neoplasms/therapy , Hyperthermia, Induced , Osteosarcoma/therapy , Adolescent , Bone Neoplasms/drug therapy , Bone Neoplasms/enzymology , Bone Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Child , Combined Modality Therapy , Humans , Osteosarcoma/drug therapy , Osteosarcoma/enzymology , Osteosarcoma/radiotherapySubject(s)
Femoral Neoplasms/etiology , Fibroma/etiology , Osteogenesis Imperfecta/complications , Adolescent , Humans , Male , Time FactorsSubject(s)
Bone Neoplasms/pathology , Osteosarcoma/pathology , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , International System of Units , Male , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Neoplasm StagingABSTRACT
Carminomycin, a new antibiotic made in the USSR, was used in the treatment of 21 patients aged 5 to 15 years with extended osteogenic sarcoma. As a result of the treatment the number of the patients with lifetime prolonged for 1-2 years increased from 7.6 to 46 per cent. It was shown that the drug might be used for the prophylaxis of the localized forms of the disease in children.
Subject(s)
Bone Neoplasms/drug therapy , Carubicin/therapeutic use , Daunorubicin/analogs & derivatives , Osteosarcoma/drug therapy , Adolescent , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Bone Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Bone Neoplasms/secondary , Carubicin/administration & dosage , Child , Child, Preschool , Combined Modality Therapy , Drug Evaluation , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy , Lung Neoplasms/secondary , Lymphatic Metastasis , Melphalan/administration & dosage , Osteosarcoma/radiotherapy , Time Factors , Vincristine/administration & dosageABSTRACT
As a result of total-local irradiation of the lung combined with polychemotherapy in patients with solitary metastases to the lungs, a 3-year survival in children was 52.7 +/- 12.1%, after local irradiation of the lungs and chemotherapy 30 +/- 11.8% of the patients. Combined treatment was well tolerated by pediatric patients. The results of the study have shown that radiation therapy of metastases of Ewing's sarcoma to the lungs with simultaneous polychemotherapy does not disturb external respiratory function even in a later period, the clinical manifestations of lung radiation reactions were seldom observed.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Lung Neoplasms/secondary , Sarcoma, Ewing/therapy , Adolescent , Carubicin/administration & dosage , Child , Child, Preschool , Combined Modality Therapy/methods , Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage , Dactinomycin/administration & dosage , Gamma Rays/therapeutic use , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/mortality , Lung Neoplasms/therapy , Melphalan/administration & dosage , Methotrexate/administration & dosage , Orotic Acid/administration & dosage , Prednisolone/administration & dosage , Radiotherapy Dosage , Sarcoma, Ewing/mortality , Time Factors , Vincristine/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Due to activation analysis involving the use of neutrons from a nuclear reactor, the concentrations of 11 trace elements: scandium, iron, cobalt, mercury, rubidium, selenium, silver, antimony, chrome, zinc and terbium in intact bone and skeletal tumors were measured. 76 specimens of bioptates and resected material of operations for bone tumors and 10 specimens of normal bone tissue obtained in autopsies of cases of sudden death were examined. The concentrations of trace elements and their dispersion patterns in tumor tissue were found to be significantly higher than those in normal bone tissue. Also, the concentrations of some trace elements in tumor differed significantly from those in normal tissue; moreover, they were found to depend on the type and histogenesis of the neoplasm.