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Chemistry ; 30(19): e202304307, 2024 Apr 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38277424

ABSTRACT

The flavoprotein Cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) is the unique electron pathway from NADPH to Cytochrome P450 (CYPs). The conformational dynamics of human CPR in solution, which involves transitions from a "locked/closed" to an "unlocked/open" state, is crucial for electron transfer. To date, however, the factors guiding these changes remain unknown. By Site-Directed Spin Labelling coupled to Electron Paramagnetic Resonance spectroscopy, we have incorporated a non-canonical amino acid onto the flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) domains of soluble human CPR, and labelled it with a specific nitroxide spin probe. Taking advantage of the endogenous FMN cofactor, we successfully measured for the first time, the distance distribution by DEER between the semiquinone state FMNH• and the nitroxide. The DEER data revealed a salt concentration-dependent distance distribution, evidence of an "open" CPR conformation at high salt concentrations exceeding previous reports. We also conducted molecular dynamics simulations which unveiled a diverse ensemble of conformations for the "open" semiquinone state of the CPR at high salt concentration. This study unravels the conformational landscape of the one electron reduced state of CPR, which had never been studied before.


Subject(s)
Amino Acids , NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase , Nitrogen Oxides , Humans , Oxidation-Reduction , NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase/metabolism , Amino Acids/metabolism , Spin Labels , Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy , Electron Transport , NADP/chemistry , Flavins/chemistry , Organic Chemicals , Flavin Mononucleotide/chemistry , Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide/chemistry , Kinetics
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