[Ascospore formation in yeasts related to Torulopsis candida]. / Askosporoobrazovanie u drozhzhei, otnosimykh k Torulopsis candida.

Ascospore formation was found in the type strains Torulopsis famata (Harrison) Lodder et Kreger van Rij, T. minor (Pollaci et Nannizi) Lodder and Candida flareri (Ciferri et Redaelli) Langeron et Guerra. The names of these species should be considered as a synonym of Debaryomyces hansenii (Zopf) Lodder et Kreger van Rij.

[Assimilation of glucuronic and gluconic acids and ketogluconates by Torulopsis species]. / Ob assimiliatsii vidami Torulopsis gliukuronovoi, gliukonovoi kislot i ketogliukonatov.

Yeast strains (75) of the Torulopsis genus belonging to 42 species and varieties were studied. Most of them readily assimilated glucono-delta-lactone, with the exception of species that were imperfect analogues of the species Saccharomyces and Kluyveromyces. Only five of the species were capable of assimilating 5-keto-D-gluconate, and merely two of them, namely, T.ingeniosa and T. fragaria, assimilated D-glucuronic acid. These species have a basidiomycetic affinity in chemotaxonomic features.

[Significance of the ability of Candida Berhout to assimilate D-glucuronic acid, D-glucono-delta-lactone and 5-keto-D-gluconate for systematics]. / O znachenii sposobnosti Candida Berkhout assimilirovat' D-gliukuronovuiu kislotu, D-gliukono-del'ta-lakton i 5-keto-D-gliukonat dlia sistematiki.

117 Candida strains representing 76 species and varieties were studied. Most of them readily assimilated glucono-delta-lactone with an exception of species which were imperfect analogues of Pichia spp. with round ascospores, Saccharomyces spp. and Kluyveromyces spp. The test for assimilation of 5-keto-D-gluconate can be used to differentiate varieties of C. guilliermondii, C. pelliculosa, and species C. zeylanoides and C. vinaria. The group of glucuronate-positive species belonging to the genus Candida comprises both ascomycetous and basidiomycetous organisms. The former lack the urease activity. Among the latter, C. curvata, C. humicola, C. marina and C. podzolica produce extracellular polysaccharides identical in the monosaccharide composition to polysaccharides of cryptococci. These four species should be included into the genus Cryptococcus.

[Growth substance requirements in heterothallic yeast cultures]. / Potrebnost' v rostovykh veshchestvakh u geterotallichnykh drozhzhei

Vitamin heterotrophy was studied among the following new yeast genera: Leucosporidium, Rhodosporidium and Filobasidium. The requirement in growth factors of various crossing types was compared among these genera and ascomycetens yeast cultures Saccharomycopsis lipolytica and Metschnikowia pulcherrima. Various crossing types of Filobasidium capsuligenum were found to differ in their requirement in growth factors. Various crossing types of Rhodosporidium and Saccharomycopsis lipolytica were stimulated by different growth substances. These characteristics can be used as markers while selecting the types of crossing.

[Yeasts utilizing methyl alcohol]. / Drozhzhi, utiliziruiushchie metilovyi spirt

The ability to utilize methanol was found in the yeast strains isolated from forest substrates (Zygowillia pini IBFM y-655, Torulopsis molicshiana IBFM y-657) and in the collection yeast cultures (Candida boidinii IBFM y-588 and IBFM )-587). These yeasts assimilated not only methanol but other alcohols (ethanol, glycerol, erythrol, mannitol, and sorbitol), nitrates or nitrites. Their fermentation ability was low.