ABSTRACT
According to previous research, the incidence of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) decreases after supplementation with probiotics. However, few studies have considered the equivalence or otherwise of different strains of probiotics in this respect. Accordingly, this prospective observational study was conducted in a cohort of 245 very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) new-borns to assess the prevalence of NEC after supplementation with the probiotic Inforan® (Berna Biotech, Madrid, Spain) 250 mg capsules containing 109 cfu of Lactobacillus acidophilus (ATCC 4356) and 109 cfu of Bifidobacterium bifidum (ATCC 15696); or with Bivos® (Ferring, Madrid, Spain) containing Lacticaseibacillus (formerly Lactobacillus) rhamnnosus (LGG) (ATCC 53103) (109 cfu); or with no probiotic supplementation. Statistical analysis was performed using multivariant regression for the duration of parenteral nutrition, length of neonatal intensive care unit stay, use of oxygen therapy and presence of chorioamnionitis. Of the VLBW new-borns in the study group, 65 received Infloran, 108 received Bivos and 72 received no probiotic. A significant association was observed between a reduced presence of NEC Stage ≥2 and probiotic supplementation. The odds risk (OR) obtained was 0.174 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.032-0.936) for Infloran and 0.196 (95%CI: 0.053-0.732) for Bivos. Therefore, both probiotics are associated with a lower prevalence of NEC in VLBW new-borns, with no significant differences.
Subject(s)
Enterocolitis, Necrotizing , Probiotics , Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/epidemiology , Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/prevention & control , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature , Infant, Very Low Birth Weight , Lactobacillus acidophilus , Probiotics/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Objetivo: La profilaxis con arándano americano de la infección de orina recurrente infantil se ha mostrado eficaz en el modelo experimental del adulto. Existen pocos datos sobre su eficacia, seguridad y dosis recomendadas en la población pediátrica. Métodos: Se desarrolla un ensayo clínico controlado, doble ciego en fase III en niños mayores de un mes de edad para evaluar la eficacia y seguridad del arándano americano en la infección urinaria recurrente infantil. Se parte del supuesto de no inferioridad del arándano americano frente a trimetoprima. El análisis estadístico se realiza mediante un análisis de Kaplan Meier. Resultados Se reclutan 85 pacientes menores de un año de edad y 107 mayores de un año. Setenta y cinco pacientes reciben arándano y 117 trimetoprima. El porcentaje acumulado de infección de orina asociado a la profilaxis con arándano en menores de un año fue de 46% (IC 95%: 23-70) en niños y del 17% (IC 95%: 0-38) en niñas, con eficacia a las dosis utilizadas inferior a trimetoprima. En los niños mayores de un año de edad el arándano se mostró no inferior a trimetoprima, con un porcentaje acumulado de infección de orina de 26% (IC 95%: 12-41). El arándano americano fue bien tolerado, no registrándose efectos adversos. Conclusiones: Nuestro estudio confirma que el arándano americano es seguro y eficaz en la profilaxis de infección urinaria recurrente en lactantes y niños. Con las dosis utilizadas su eficacia no es inferior a la observada para trimetoprima entre los mayores de un año de edad (AU)
Objective: Cranberry prophylaxis of recurrent urinary tract infection in infants has proven effective in the experimental model of the adult. There are few data on its efficacy, safety and recommended dose in the pediatric population. Methods: A controlled, double-blind Phase III clinical trial was conducted on children older than 1 month of age to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cranberry in recurrent urinary tract infection. The assumption was of the non-inferiority of cranberry versus trimethoprim. Statistical analysis was performed using Kaplan Meier analysis. Results: A total of 85 patients under 1 year of age and 107 over 1 year were recruited. Trimethoprim was prescribed to 75 patients and 117 received cranberry. The cumulative rate of urinary infection associated with cranberry prophylaxis in children under 1 year was 46% (95% CI; 23-70) in children and 17% (95% CI; 0-38) in girls, effectively at doses inferior to trimethoprim. In children over 1 year-old cranberry was not inferior to trimethoprim, with a cumulative rate of urine infection of 26% (95% CI; 12-41). The cranberry was well tolerated and with no new adverse effects. Conclusions: Our study confirms that cranberry is safe and effective in the prophylaxis of recurrent urinary tract infection in infants and children. With the doses used, their efficiency is not less than that observed for trimethoprim among those over 1 year-old (AU)
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Vaccinium macrocarpon/chemistry , Breast Feeding/economics , Urinary Tract Infections/complications , Urinary Tract Infections/therapy , Gastroesophageal Reflux/metabolism , Gastroesophageal Reflux/pathology , Vesico-Ureteral Reflux/congenital , Vesico-Ureteral Reflux/metabolism , Antibiotic Prophylaxis/classification , Antibiotic Prophylaxis/methods , Breast Feeding/methods , Urinary Tract Infections/pathology , Gastroesophageal Reflux/complications , Gastroesophageal Reflux/diagnosis , Vesico-Ureteral Reflux/complications , Vesico-Ureteral Reflux/diagnosis , Antibiotic Prophylaxis/standards , Antibiotic Prophylaxis , ChildABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Cranberry prophylaxis of recurrent urinary tract infection in infants has proven effective in the experimental model of the adult. There are few data on its efficacy, safety and recommended dose in the pediatric population. METHODS: A controlled, double-blind Phase III clinical trial was conducted on children older than 1 month of age to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cranberry in recurrent urinary tract infection. The assumption was of the non-inferiority of cranberry versus trimethoprim. Statistical analysis was performed using Kaplan Meier analysis. RESULTS: A total of 85 patients under 1 year of age and 107 over 1 year were recruited. Trimethoprim was prescribed to 75 patients and 117 received cranberry. The cumulative rate of urinary infection associated with cranberry prophylaxis in children under 1 year was 46% (95% CI; 23-70) in children and 17% (95% CI; 0-38) in girls, effectively at doses inferior to trimethoprim. In children over 1 year-old cranberry was not inferior to trimethoprim, with a cumulative rate of urine infection of 26% (95% CI; 12-41). The cranberry was well tolerated and with no new adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirms that cranberry is safe and effective in the prophylaxis of recurrent urinary tract infection in infants and children. With the doses used, their efficiency is not less than that observed for trimethoprim among those over 1 year-old. (Clinical Trials Registry ISRCTN16968287).
Subject(s)
Fruit and Vegetable Juices , Phytotherapy , Urinary Tract Infections/prevention & control , Vaccinium macrocarpon , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Decision Trees , Double-Blind Method , Female , Fruit and Vegetable Juices/adverse effects , Humans , Infant , Male , Recurrence , Treatment OutcomeSubject(s)
Femoral Neuropathy/etiology , Paresthesia/etiology , Postoperative Complications , Appendectomy , Child , Female , HumansABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Female , Child , Humans , Femoral Neuropathy/etiology , Paresthesia/etiology , Postoperative Complications , AppendectomyABSTRACT
Se expone un caso de acidemia propiónica en una recién nacida ocurrido en nuestro hospital. Este trastorno metabólico no se presenta con frecuencia, pero su gravedad justifica la comunicación de los pocos casos que se producen y la participación del Servicio de Farmacia en su evolución.Primeramente se hace una revisión de las características y formas de presentación de esta enfermedad, así como las alternativas terapéuticas a adoptar. A continuación, se procede a la descripción del caso clínico, en el que se revisan los distintos aspectos de la historia clínica de la paciente, centrándose principalmente en el tratamiento farmacológico instaurado, que se encaminó fundamentalmente a la corrección de la hiperamoniemia, principal rasgo clínico que presentó la paciente. En ello, se produjo una participación activa del Servicio de Farmacia, con la elaboración de distintas fórmulas magistrales para tratar esta p a t o l o g í a .Finalmente, se discuten la evolución de la paciente y los resultados obtenidos con el tratamiento instaurado, emitiéndose un juicio acerca del pronóstico de la niña. (AU)
