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Pediatr. catalan ; 69(6): 294-297, nov.-dic. 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-79238

ABSTRACT

Presentamos el caso de un niño de once meses remitido a nuestroServicio de Urgencias por irritabilidad y cambio de carácter, coincidiendocon aumento progresivo del perímetro craneal (PC).En urgencias se constata macrocefalia y se objetiva una fontanelaanterior amplia y a tensión. Se orienta clínicamente como síndromede hipertensión endocraneal y se realiza una tomografíacomputarizada (TC) craneal de urgencia. Es diagnosticado de hematomasubdural crónico e ingresa para tratamiento neuroquirúrgicourgente colocándosele un drenaje subdural externo con loque presenta mejoría clínica.La macrocefalia progresiva es el signo más característico de hipertensiónendocraneal durante el primer año de vida. Una causade hipertensión endocraneal y macrocefalia secundaria es elefecto masa que puede ocasionar una colección subdural, comoMacrocefàlia progressivaRosa Gil Aparicio, Victòria Trenchs Sainz de la Maza, Fernando D. Panzino Occhiuzzo, JosepBlanch Giménez 1, Gemma Garcia Fructuoso 2, Carles Luaces Cubells, Jordi Pou FernándezSecció d'Urgències. Servei de Pediatria. 1 Servei de Radiologia.2 Servei de Neurocirurgia. Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Déu.Barcelona.en nuestro caso. Ésta es una entidad muy poco frecuente en la infancia,y, sin enfermedades predisponentes, siempre hemos deconsiderar el maltrato como posible causa y valorar medidasdesde urgencias(AU)


We present the case of an eleven month-old infant who presentedto our emergency department with irritability, behavioral changes,and a progressive increase in cranial circumference. On physicalexamination, macrocephaly was documented, and the anteriorfontanel was noted to be wide and tense. With the clinicaldiagnosis of intracranial hypertension and emergency computedtomography was performed, which revealed a chronic subduralhematoma. The patient was admitted for urgent neurosurgical intervention;an external subdural drain was placed, with immediateclinical improvement.A progressive macrocephaly is the most characteristic sign of intracranialhypertension during the first year of life. A cause of intracranialhypertension and secondary macrocephaly is the masseffect originated by a subdural fluid collection, as in the case underdiscussion. This entity is very rare during infancy and, in theabsence of predisposing conditions, child abuse should be alwaysconsidered, and the appropriate steps for diagnosis and treatmentshould be started in the emergency department(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant , Hypertension/complications , Intracranial Hypertension/complications , Intracranial Hypertension/diagnosis , Hematoma, Subdural/complications , Hematoma, Subdural/diagnosis , Neurosurgery/methods , Neurosurgery/trends , Intracranial Hypertension/surgery , Intracranial Hypertension , Hematoma, Subdural/surgery , Hematoma, Subdural , Child Abuse/psychology , Skull/injuries , Skull , Signs and Symptoms
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