Microclimate of Grape Bunch and Sunburn of White Grape Berries: Effect on Wine Quality.

This research aimed to evaluate the composition of wines made with white grapes which are particularly susceptible to sunburn symptoms due to the absence of anthocyanin. Sunburn is a complex physiological dysfunction leading to browning or necrosis of berry tissues. In vintage 2021, the canopy of 'Verdeca' grapevines grown in Salento, South Italy, was differently managed by sun exposing or shading the bunches. Micrometeorological conditions were studied at different levels. Grapes were vinified, comparing the winemaking with and without skin maceration. The vegetative-productive balance of plants was not substantially modified. On the contrary, a significant effect was observed on the quality and quantity of grapes produced: smaller berries with sunburn symptoms were found on unshaded bunches. This influenced the percentage distribution among skin, pulp and seeds, causing a decrease in must yield of up to 30%. The pH was significantly higher in macerated wines made using shaded grapes, due to a lower titratable acidity and to significant impacts on the acid profile. Obviously, maceration produced a higher extraction of phenolics in wines, which reached their maximum in wines made with sunburned grapes. The absorbance at 420 nm, index of yellow color, was also significantly higher in sunburned grapes, indicating greater oxidation. Even though excessive grape sun-exposure could negatively affect the perception of white wines made without maceration (resulting in more oxidative character), the sensory quality of orange/amber wines was not significantly impacted by the presence of sunburned grapes. Thus, this winemaking technique could be particularly interesting to set up a production strategy adapted to viticultural regions strongly affected by climate change.

Assessment of the environmental loads of green façades in buildings: a comparison with un-vegetated exterior walls.

Green vertical systems have advantages in terms of building energy performance, but their environmental impact should be assessed in comparison to un-vegetated constructive systems. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the environmental loads of a green façade, which was compared to other building exterior wall systems. A Life Cycle Analysis approach was used to compare the green façade with constructive solutions commonly applied for enhancing the thermal insulation properties of the building exterior walls. The green façade and the other constructive solutions were characterised by an equivalent thermal behaviour. A green façade system prototype, realised with vegetation climbing on a steel frame, was used for the study. The comparison was carried out with exterior walls using insulation materials as expanded polystyrene, expanded cork and wood fibre. A double wall with an un-ventilated air gap was used as well. On average, the best environmental performance was recorded for the wall using cork as insulating material and for the double wall. The results highlighted the environmental criticalities of the green façade as the system having an environmental load among the most burdensome. Different scenarios of green façade with the use of alternative constructive solutions were hypothesized and compared by the life cycle analysis and life cycle impact assessment. The study showed that the adoption of a wooden frame in place of the steel one, as plant supporting structure, reduces the carbon footprint of the green façade by 58%. The environmental comparison was carried out also considering non-vegetated constructive solutions having an equivalent sun shading effect on the wall. The analysis showed that the green façade has the best environmental performance when compared with sun shading systems in aluminium or PVC.

Eficacia de la terapia floral de Bach contra el estrés académico en estudiantes de primer año de estomatología / Effectiveness of Bach's floral therapy against the academic stress in first year Stomatology students

Se realizó un ensayo clínico en fase II, controlado, con anonimato sencillo, en 60 estudiantes con estrés académico -- distribuidos de forma aleatoria en 2 grupos: uno experimental y otro de control --, que cursaban el primer año de la carrera de estomatología en la Filial de Ciencias Médicas "Dr. Efraín Benítez Popa" de Bayamo, Granma, de septiembre del 2011 a junio del 2012, a fin de evaluar la eficacia de la terapia floral de Bach contra dicho estado de cansancio psíquico. Para determinar la asociación entre los grupos se utilizó la prueba de la X² de Friedman, con un nivel de significación de 5 %. Se obtuvo que antes de la aplicación de la terapia floral, 50,0 % de los alumnos tenían niveles alto y medio de estrés académico, y después de la intervención solo 30,0 % mantuvo el grado medio de estrés y 10,0 %, un nivel elevado de este.

A single-blind controlled phase II clinical trial, was carried out in 60 students with academic stress -- randomly distributed into 2 groups: a control and an experimental groups -- who studied the first year of the Stomatology career in "Dr. Efraín Benítez Popa" Branch of Medical Sciences in Bayamo, Granma, from September, 2011 to June, 2012, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of Bach's floral therapy against this state of psychic fatigue. To determine the association among the groups the Friedman`s chi-square test was used, with a level of significance of 5%. It was obtained that before the application of the floral therapy, 50% of students had high and half levels of academic stress, and after the intervention only 30.0% maintained the mean degree of stress and 10.0%, a high level of it.

Eficacia de la terapia floral de Bach contra el estrés académico en estudiantes de primer año de estomatología / Effectiveness of Bach's floral therapy against the academic stress in first year Stomatology students

Se realizó un ensayo clínico en fase II, controlado, con anonimato sencillo, en 60 estudiantes con estrés académico -- distribuidos de forma aleatoria en 2 grupos: uno experimental y otro de control --, que cursaban el primer año de la carrera de estomatología en la Filial de Ciencias Médicas Dr Efraín Benítez Popa de Bayamo, Granma, de septiembre del 2011 a junio del 2012, a fin de evaluar la eficacia de la terapia floral de Bach contra dicho estado de cansancio psíquico. Para determinar la asociación entre los grupos se utilizó la prueba de la X2 de Friedman, con un nivel de significación de 5 por ciento . Se obtuvo que antes de la aplicación de la terapia floral, 50,0 por ciento de los alumnos tenían niveles alto y medio de estrés académico, y después de la intervención solo 30,0 por ciento mantuvo el grado medio de estrés y 10,0 por ciento , un nivel elevado de este(AU)

A single-blind controlled phase II clinical trial, was carried out in 60 students with academic stress -- randomly distributed into 2 groups: a control and an experimental groups -- who studied the first year of the Stomatology career in Dr Efraín Benítez Popa Branch of Medical Sciences in Bayamo, Granma, from September, 2011 to June, 2012, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of Bach's floral therapy against this state of psychic fatigue. To determine the association among the groups the Friedman`s chi-square test was used, with a level of significance of 5 percent. It was obtained that before the application of the floral therapy, 50 percent of students had high and half levels of academic stress, and after the intervention only 30.0 percent maintained the mean degree of stress and 10.0 percent, a high level of it(AU)

Programa educativo en la prevención del suicidio en adolescentesdel Policlínico Jimmy Hirzel, Bayamo 1999-2000 / Educative program in the prevention of suicide attempt in adolecents from Jimmy Hirtzel policlinic. Bayamo 1999-2000

Se realizó un estudio de intervención a 45 adolescentes del consultorio 136 del reparto Las Caobas, perteneciente al policlínico Jimmy Hirtzel en la Ciudad de Bayamo, Provincia Granma 1999-2000 con el objetivo de aplicar un programa educativo cultural para la prevención de la conducta suicida.Se aplicaron dos encuestas, la primera para determinar el riesgo suicida y su intensidad y la segunda nos permitió identificar la presencia de depresión y conflictos actuales. El programa de intervención se llevó a cabo en 22 semanas de trabajo, en talleres docentes motivados con técnicas psicoartísticas. Se aplicó como método la base de datos Foxbase y se proceso en Excel.Se encontró que 10 pacientes tenían riesgos altos, 26,9 por ciento eran del sexo femenino, 35 tenían signos de depresión según la escala, antes de la intervención 29 (64,4 por ciento) tenían estados de ánimos negativos, 19 (42,2 por ciento) eran o son hijos de padres divorciados y entre el 88,8 por ciento y el 100 por ciento tenían mitos acerca de suicidio. Después de la intervención 25 (55,6 por ciento) de los adolescentes no tienen riesgos y el 77,8 por ciento no tienen depresión. Más de la mitad de los adolescentes presentaron riesgos suicida siendo mas afectado el sexo femenino, se logró modificación del riesgo de la depresión y la conducta suicida en los adolescentes estudiados(AU)

It was performed an intervention study to 45 teenagers of the family medical house 136 in Las Caobas community, belonging to Jimmy Hirtzel Polyclinic in Bayamo, Granma during 1999-2000 with the aim to apply a cultural educational program for the prevention of the suicide behavior. There were applied two surveys, the first one to determine the suicide risk and its intensity and the second allowed us to identify the presence of depression and current conflicts. The program of intervention was carried out in 22 weeks of work, in educational workshops motivated with psycho artistic techniques. As the method it was applied the database Foxbase and it was processed in Excel. 10 patients presented high risk, 26,9 percent were females, 35 had signs of depression according to the scale, before the intervention 29 (64,4 percent) had states of negative moods, 19 (42,2 percent) were/ are children of divorced parents between 88,8 percent and 100% had myths about suicide. After the intervention 25 (55,6 percent) of the teenagers did not have risks and 77,8 percent did not have depression. More than a half of the teenagers presented suicidal risks being the most affected the female sex, it was obtained a modification of the risk of depression and the suicide behavior in the teenagers under the analysis(EU)

Posibles factores de riesgo en el asma infantil moderada y severa / Possible risk factors in moderate and severe child asthma

El asma bronquial infantil se presenta como la principal causa de ingresos hospitalarios en el país. Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo, transversal en los niños asmáticos moderados y severos del policlínico docente "Jimmy Hirzel" de la ciudad de Bayamo, de enero a diciembre del 2000, con el objetivo de determinar los posibles factores de riesgos implicados en el desarrollo de esta enfermedad. La muestra estuvo constituida por 51 pacientes. Se evidenció el predominio del sexo masculino y de las edades de 1 a 9 años. Los antecedentes patológicos familiares de alergía y los personales de síndrome respiratorio alérgico se presentaron en 59,6 por ciento y 54,0 por ciento respectivamente. El hacinamiento (60,8 por ciento) y las condiciones regulares y malas de las viviendas fueron frecuentes. El deterioro de la comunicación predominó entre los padres de los niños asmáticos. La actitud familiar de inconsistencia acompaño al mayor por ciento de los casos, los sentimientos de cólera se manifestaron en primer lugar en los niños enfermos(AU)