ABSTRACT
Applying morphometry on FNA smears may lead to meaningful prognostic subgrouping of breast carcinomas. A statistical analysis of the cytomorphometric and clinical data of 73 patients with breast carcinoma was performed. By multivariate analysis, taking into account various prognostic factors, it was shown that variations in nuclear area and the presence of axillary metastases were the most important prognosticators. By weighing these factors a prognostic score was obtained. According to that score the patients were classified into 4 score groups: the decreasing survival with increasing score was evident. The prognostic score was also related to the metastasis-free period. This prognostic scoring is relatively easy to perform, and can be done in routine pathology laboratories.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Lymph Nodes/pathology , Aged , Breast Neoplasms/classification , Breast Neoplasms/mortality , Cell Nucleus/pathology , Cytodiagnosis , Female , Humans , Lymphatic Metastasis , Middle Aged , PrognosisSubject(s)
Breast Diseases/diagnosis , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adult , Aged , Biopsy , Breast/pathology , Female , Galactorrhea/diagnosis , Humans , Mammography , Mastitis/diagnosis , Middle Aged , Pain , PregnancyABSTRACT
Morphometric analysis of 23 follicular tumors (13 adenomas and 10 carcinomas) and 10 metastatic lesions from follicular thyroid carcinomas resulted in the identification of five significant parameters between the carcinoma and adenoma groups. With a classification rule using these features, the probability of a histologic diagnosis of adenoma versus carcinoma was computed for each case. Using threshold values of probabilities of 0.25 and 0.75, only 1 of the 33 cases was not correctly classified on the cytologic smear alone; the remaining 32 cases were correctly classified. These results indicate that morphometric analysis in follicular tumors of the thyroid may be of great help in individual patient care if used as a selective method by a well-trained cytopathologist.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis , Adenoma/diagnosis , Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis , Biopsy, Needle , Cell Nucleus/pathology , Cytoplasm/pathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Probability , Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology , Thyroid Neoplasms/secondaryABSTRACT
The cytological picture of medullary carcinoma of the thryoid is characterized by so-called triangular cells with abundant cytoplasm and eccentrically situated nuclei. In the May-Grünwald-Giemsa stained smear the cytoplasm may contain azurophilic granules. Amyloid can usually be demonstrated. In this paper cytological features of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid showing spindle cell pattern are presented. The cytological smears, obtained by thin needle aspiration did not contain amyloid. The diagnosis medullary carcinoma was confirmed by the demonstration of amyloid in the histological sections of the tumour and by raised serum calcitonin levels.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma/pathology , Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology , Aged , Amyloid/analysis , Calcitonin/blood , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
Short term cultures of phytohemagglutinin stimulated lymphocytes were used to study effects of tryptophan metabolites of the kynurenine pathway at the cellular level. Only the metabolites 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid and 3-hydroxykynurenine demonstrated an effect when (3H) thymidine was used to monitor the response. Morphological examination of the cultures did not clearly reveal an effect. Because the adenosine triphosphate level was also decreased upon the addition of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid the possibility is considered that the mechanism of action of the metabolite on cultured lymphocytes can be explained by a suppression of the oxydative phosphorylation.
