Alteration of EIF2 Signaling, Glycolysis, and Dopamine Secretion in Form-Deprived Myopia in Response to 1% Atropine Treatment: Evidence From Interactive iTRAQ-MS and SWATH-MS Proteomics Using a Guinea Pig Model.

Purpose: Atropine, a non-selective muscarinic antagonist, effectively slows down myopia progression in human adolescents and several animal models. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is unclear. The current study investigated retinal protein changes of form-deprived myopic (FDM) guinea pigs in response to topical administration of 1% atropine gel (10 g/L). Methods: At the first stage, the differentially expressed proteins were screened using fractionated isobaric tags for a relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) approach, coupled with nano-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (nano-LC-MS/MS) (n = 24, 48 eyes) using a sample pooling technique. At the second stage, retinal tissues from another cohort with the same treatment (n = 12, 24 eyes) with significant ocular changes were subjected to label-free sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra (SWATH-MS) proteomics for orthogonal protein target confirmation. The localization of Alpha-synuclein was verified using immunohistochemistry and confocal imaging. Results: A total of 1,695 proteins (8,875 peptides) were identified with 479 regulated proteins (FC ≥ 1.5 or ≤0.67) found from FDM eyes and atropine-treated eyes receiving 4-weeks drug treatment using iTRAQ-MS proteomics. Combining the iTRAQ-MS and SWATH-MS datasets, a total of 29 confident proteins at 1% FDR were consistently quantified and matched, comprising 12 up-regulated and 17 down-regulated proteins which differed between FDM eyes and atropine treated eyes (iTRAQ: FC ≥ 1.5 or ≤0.67, SWATH: FC ≥ 1.4 or ≤0.71, p-value of ≤0.05). Bioinformatics analysis using IPA and STRING databases of these commonly regulated proteins revealed the involvement of the three commonly significant pathways: EIF2 signaling; glycolysis; and dopamine secretion. Additionally, the most significantly regulated proteins were closely connected to Alpha-synuclein (SNCA). Using immunostaining (n = 3), SNCA was further confirmed in the inner margin of the inner nuclear layer (INL) and spread throughout the inner plexiform layer (IPL) of the retina of guinea pigs. Conclusion: The molecular evidence using next-generation proteomics (NGP) revealed that retinal EIF2 signaling, glycolysis, and dopamine secretion through SNCA are implicated in atropine treatment of myopia in the FDM-induced guinea pig model.

Application of micro-teaching in life sciences courses based on the "National Universities Micro-teaching Competition of Life Sciences" analysis / 生物工程学报

With improvements in information technology and expansion in education reforms, more innovative teaching reform programs have also been launched. Information technology has increased interest in the use of the flipped classroom innovative teaching model. In order to explore new ideas for the improvement of teaching, this paper focuses on the flipped classroom teaching approach with the integration of information technology. Micro-teaching is an important innovative flipped classroom teaching approach with a number of advantages as it is short, concise, and interesting, which therefore helps improve students' self-learning ability. Designing and preparing micro-teaching would become a prerequisite skill for college teachers. Based on the analysis of the entries in the "National Universities Micro-teaching Competition of Life Science", this paper explores the application of micro-teaching in life sciences teaching from the perspective of curriculum introduction, mode of presentation, teaching design, and other aspects of teaching. This information could serve as a guide to frontline college teachers to help them understand and master the skills of designing micro-teaching, so as to generate interest and improve learning efficiency among college students.

Recent advances of MDM2-p53 inhibitors / 药学学报

Protein-protein interactions (PPI) are involved in a variety of biological processes, including cell-to-cell interactions, metabolism and development control. The misregulation, post-translational modification and interference of PPI are related to a variety of human diseases, making the regulation of these interactions a very attractive field of drug discovery. In recent years, the interaction between MDM2 and p53 has become a research hotspot, which plays an important role in the treatment of tumors. But unfortunately there are no such inhibitors approved all over the world. In this view, recent advances of MDM2-p53 inhibitors were briefly described and its inhibitors with potential therapeutic activities in clinical studies were introduced.

Gender difference in efficacy of intra-aortic balloon pump in acute myocardial infarction patients complicating with cardiogenic shock / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To investigate the effect of gender on the efficacy of intra-aortic balloon pump(IABP) applied in patients with cardiogenic shock complicated by acute myocardial infarction(AMI). Methods: A total of 209 patients diagnosed as cardiogenic shock complicated by AMI admitted in Fuwai Hospital from June 2012 to May 2018 were enrolled in our study. We collected the data from medical records and investigated their clinical manifestation and laboratory examination and IABP support, as well as 28-day (from diagnosis of cardiogenic shock) mortality retrospectively. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to compare the 28-day survival rates of patients of different genders/with or without IABP treatment. Adjustment for age, systolic blood pressure, ST segment elevation myocardial infarction, dual antiplatelet, coma, APACHEⅡ score and SAPSⅡ score, Cox regression analysis was used to detect the affect of IABP treatment on the risk of all-cause mortality in different crowd, and using Z test to evaluate the modification effect of gender on IABP treatment efficacy. Results: A total of 209 patients were included in this study, with 148 males (80 (54.05%) cases received IABP support) and 61 females (22 (36.06%) cases received IABP support). A total of 102 patients received IABP treatment. The 28-day survival rate of male patients was higher than that of females (39.2% (58/148) vs. 26.2% (16/61), Log-rank P=0.034). The 28-day survival rate of patients receiving IABP was significantly higher than that of non-IABP groups (46.1% (47/102) vs. 25.2% (27/107), Log-rank P=0.001 7). Among female patients, there was no statistically significant difference in 28-day survival rate between those who received IABP and those who did not receive IABP (P=0.889). While in male patients, the 28-day survival rate of those who received IABP was higher than that of those who did not receive IABP (51.2% (41/80) vs. 25.0% (17/68), P=0.001). The survival rate of male patients treated with IABP was higher than that of male patients who did not receive IABP, female patients who did not receive IABP and female patients who received IABP (all P<0.05). After multiple regression analysis and adjustment of confounding factors, it was found that IABP implantation can significantly reduce the 28-day mortality risk in male patients (HR=0.44, 95%CI 0.25-0.77 P=0.004). While it had no inpact on the death risk in female patients(P= 0.401). The impact of IABP implantation in patients of different genders was significantly different (Z=-2.32, P=0.020). Conclusion: In AMI patients complicating cardiogenic shock, there is a gender difference in the impact of IABP implantation on the 28-day mortality risk, and protective effects are seen only in men.

Preparation and in Vitro Anti-Laryngeal Cancer Evaluation of Protopanaxadiol-loaded Hollow Gold Nanoparticles / 分析化学

Protopanaxadiol (PPD) has inhibitory effects on many tumors and receives much attention. However,it has poor water solubility and low utilization, which limits its clinical application. Considering these issues,in this study,we used hollow gold nanoparticles as transport carriers of PPD and synthesized PPD hollow gold nanoparticles (HAuNs). We conducted a number of experiments to investigate the in vitro anti-laryngeal cancer Hep-2 effect of a PPD HAuNs carrier. High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was used to detect the sustained release effect of PPD HAuNs. MTT assay was used to detect the inhibitory effect of PPD HAuNs on the proliferation of Hep-2 cells. Effect of PPD HAuNs on Hep-2 cell apoptosis was investigated by flow cytometry. The results of in vitro release showed that PPD HAuNs had sustained release effect. Compared with blank control group,HAuNs group and PPD group,the survival rate of Hep-2 cells in HAuNs-PEG-PPD group decreased more significantly and the apoptosis rate increased more significantly (p<0.01). PPD HAuNs could significantly enhance anti-laryngeal cancer effect of PPD in vitro and promote the apoptosis of tumor cells. It promotes tumor cell apoptosis, and is expected to be a new PPD drug delivery system, further promoting the application of PPD in clinical anti-laryngeal cancer.

Renal clear cell carcinoma transferred to nasal cavity and sinuses: A case report and literature review / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To report one case of renal clear cell carcinoma transferred to the nasal cavity and sinuses treated by low temperature coblation assisted nasal malignant tumor resection under nasal endoscopye, and to review the associated literatures.Methods: Under nasal endoscope, the tumor was removed along the lateral wall of the nasal cavity with bipolar electrocautery and coblation.The vaseline gauze was used to stop bleeding, and the tumor was completely removed.Results: The intraoperative frozen section showed a capillary hemangioma.The patient was diagnosed as metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the nasal cavity and sinuses by the results of pathology and immunohistochemical staining.The postoperative recovery was uneventful and the nasal packing was removed 3 d after operation.Conclusion: Renal clear cell carcinoma transferred to the nasal cavity and sinuses is rare;under nasal endoscope, surgical resection is a good procedure to control metastasis.

Effect of CPAP therapy on sleep quality and quality of life in patients with moderate or severe OSAHS / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To assess the effect of CPAP therapy on sleep quality and quality of life in patients with moderate or severe OSAHS.@*METHOD@#Seventy-two patients diagnosed as OSAHS by polysomnography (PSG) were assigned to receive CPAP therapy for 3 months. At baseline and three months after treatment patients underwent polysomnography (PSG). Analyze the results of PSG, sleep quality, excessive daytime sleepiness, quality of life and the general well-being.@*RESULT@#The lowest average oxygen saturation and the average blood oxygen saturation improved significantly after CPAP therapy, and the longest sleep apnea time and AHI decreased obviously (P < 0.01). Except body pain, the other seven dimensions of SF-36 improved obviously (P < 0.01); ESS, PSQI and GWB also improved (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#For patients with moderate or severe OSAHS, CPAP therapy can obviously improve the sleep quality, excessive daytime sleepiness, improve patients' life quality and the general well-being.

Research of 10-23 DNAZyme inhibit the expression of eIF4E genes / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the possibility of 10-23DNAzyme becoming a new gene therapy for laryngeal carcinoma treatment at the cell level.@*METHOD@#Thiosthorothioate 10-23DNAzyme specific to eIF4E gene mRNA 1059 was designed and synthesized, and its inhibition effects on the expression of eIF4E gene in Hep-2 cells were observed.@*RESULT@#The expression of eIF4E gene was remarkable depressed after Hep-2 cells was transfected by DNAzyme. The level of inhibiting eIF4E in hep-2 cells transfected by DNAzyme was lower than that by only lipofectamine 2000 transfected and Hep-2.@*CONCLUSION@#The expression of eIF4E gene in Hep-2 cells 10-23DNAzyme can be highly blocked. It is a specific and effective gene therapeutic means.

Growth inhibitory effect of triptolide combined with hyperthermia on Hep-2 cells / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective To explore the effect of triptolide(TL) combined with hyperthermia on proliferation and apoptosis of Hep-2 cells and its affect on cell cycle phases,and provide theoretical foundation for treatment of laryngocarcinoma.Methods Hep-2 cells at logarithmic growth phase were randomly divided into control,hyperthermia,TL,TL combined with hyperthermia groups.MTT method was adopted to investigate the proliferation inhibition rate of the Hep-2 cells.Cell cycle and apoptotic rate of Hep-2 cells were analyzed by flow cytometry,and then the changes of subcellular structures were observed by electron microscope.Results The proliferation inhibition rates in hyperthermia,TL,TL combined with hyperthermia groups were 21.2%,28.5% and 54.5%,respectively;the proliferation inhibition rate in TL combined with hyperthermia group was higher than those in hyperthermia and TL groups(P

Promoter methylation of RASSF1A gene in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and protein expression / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective To investigate the relationship between promoter methylation of RASSF1A gene and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.Methods A methylation-specific PCR was performed to detect the promoter methylation of RASSF1A gene in 48 tumor tissues,48 corresponding normal tissues and 48 normal blood plasma.The expression of RASSF1A protein was determined by means of Western blotting.Results The methylation in RASSF1A gene was detected in 34(70.83%) tumor tissue samples,11(22.92%) corresponding normal tissue samples and 6(12.50%) blood plasma samples,respectively.The methylation degree of tumor tissue was higher than that of corresponding normal tissues and normal blood plasma(P

Expression and correlation of eIF4E and c-myc in laryngeal carcinoma / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To observe the expression and correlation of eIF4E and c-myc in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.Methods:Western blot was applied to examine the expression of eIF4E and c-myc on tumor core,transition core and tumor-free core from 36 laryngeal carcinoma patients.The results were statistically analyzed.Results:The overexpression of eIF4E and c-myc protein levels suggests an increasing tendency from tumor-free core,transition core and tumor core;and shows an significant correlation of eIF4E and c-myc expression.Conclusion:The overexpression of eIF4E and c-myc cause the laryngeal carcinoma cell malignant transformation;the correlation of eIF4E and c-myc may provide a basis for gene therapy of laryngeal carcinoma.